橡胶减振支座对竖向车致振动减振效果实测研究
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摘要
为研究橡胶减振支座对竖向车致振动的减振效果,对某铁路桥梁的橡胶减振支座和盆式橡胶支座进行了现场测试,获得了橡胶支座的时频特性,并对比分析了不同橡胶支座对竖向车致振动的衰减规律。测试结果表明:高速列车通过铁路桥梁时,橡胶减振支座上、下连接板的振动幅值均小于盆式橡胶支座的幅值,且其总插入损失较盆式橡胶支座的大3.75dB,除在设计频率10Hz附近的振动响应存在放大现象外,在其余频段的插入损失均表现出良好的衰减作用,其中优势频段20～80Hz范围内的减振效果显著。因此,橡胶支座作为柔性支承在一定程度上有利于减小竖向车致振动对周边环境的影响,特别是低刚度、高阻尼的橡胶支座,更有利于作为铁路桥梁的减振支座。
In order to investigate the damping effects of elastic bearing pad(EBP) for vertical train-induced vibrations, field measurements were carried out through taking a pot rubber bearing and an EBP of an actual railway bridge as test objects, the time and frequency characteristics were obtained. And the attenuation laws of different rubber bearings for vertical train-induced vibrations were comparatively analyzed. The test results show that the vibration amplitudes of EBP at both upper and lower plates are smaller than those of pot rubber bearing while the high-speed train is running through the railway bridge. The whole insertion loss of EBP is 3.75 dB larger than that of pot rubber bearing. The vibration responses around the design frequency 10 Hz are amplified, but the EBP can reduce more train-induced vibrations than the pot rubber bearing in the vertical direction for other vibration frequency components. The damping effect is obvious in the range of 20～80 Hz. Therefore, the rubber bearing as a flexible support to a certain degree is useful to reduce the vertical train-induced vibrations for the improvement of surrounding environment, especially the lower stiffness and higher damping rubber bearing is more advantageous to as an anti-vibration bearing in the railway bridge.
In order to investigate the damping effects of elastic bearing pad(EBP) for vertical train-induced vibrations, field measurements were carried out through taking a pot rubber bearing and an EBP of an actual railway bridge as test objects, the time and frequency characteristics were obtained. And the attenuation laws of different rubber bearings for vertical train-induced vibrations were comparatively analyzed. The test results show that the vibration amplitudes of EBP at both upper and lower plates are smaller than those of pot rubber bearing while the high-speed train is running through the railway bridge. The whole insertion loss of EBP is 3.75 dB larger than that of pot rubber bearing. The vibration responses around the design frequency 10 Hz are amplified, but the EBP can reduce more train-induced vibrations than the pot rubber bearing in the vertical direction for other vibration frequency components. The damping effect is obvious in the range of 20～80 Hz. Therefore, the rubber bearing as a flexible support to a certain degree is useful to reduce the vertical train-induced vibrations for the improvement of surrounding environment, especially the lower stiffness and higher damping rubber bearing is more advantageous to as an anti-vibration bearing in the railway bridge.
引文
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[2] 夏禾,曹艳梅,刘维宁,等.交通环境振动工程 [M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[3] MARIONI,陈列,胡京涛.橡胶减振支座在台湾高速铁路上的应用 [J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(2):63-66.
[4] 张志俊,李小珍,张迅,等.弹性支座对桥梁车致振动的隔振效果研究 [J].工程力学,2015,32(4):103-111.
[5] M KAWATANI,Y KOBAYASHI,H KAWAKI.Influence of elastomeric bearings on traffic-induced vibration of highway bridges [J].Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2000,1696(1):76-82.
[6] C W KIM,M KAWATANI,W S HWANG.Reduction of traffic-induced vibration of two-girder steel bridge seated on elastomeric bearings [J].Engineering Structures,2004,26(14):2185-2195.
[7] J D YAU,Y S WU,Y B YANG.Impact response of bridges with elastic bearings to moving loads [J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2001,248(1):9-30.
[8] Y B YANG,C L LIN,J D YAU,et al.Mechanism of resonance and cancellation for train-induced vibration on bridges with elastic bearings [J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2004,269(1-2):345-360.
[9] 邓俊雷,李睿,杨晶晶.基于非线性时程分析的桥梁支座抗震性能研究 [J].建筑结构,2016,46(S2):300-304.
[10] 汪洋,曹加良,施卫星.盆式橡胶支座基础隔震结构地震模拟振动台试验研究 [J].建筑结构,2013,43(7):9-13.
[11] R 克拉夫,J 彭津.结构动力学 [M].王光远,等,译.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[12] 城市区域环境振动标准:GB 10070—88 [S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.