A self-healing strategy with fault-cell reutilization of bio-inspired hardware
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摘要
The self-healing strategy is a key component in designing the bio-inspired embryonics circuit with the structure of cell arrays. However, the existing self-healing strategies of embryonics circuits mainly focus on permanent faults inside the modules of cells such as the function module and the configuration register, while little attention is paid to transient faults. From the point of view of obtaining high efficiency of hardware utilization, it would be a huge waste of hardware resources by permanent elimination when a cell only suffers a transient fault which can be repaired by a configuration mechanism. A new self-healing strategy, the Fault-Cell Reutilization Self-healing Strategy(FCRSS) which presents a method for reusing transient fault cells, is proposed in this paper. The circuit structures of all the modules in the cells are described in detail. In the new strategy, two processes of elimination and reconfiguration are combined. Within the process of fault-cell elimination, cells with transient faults in the embryonics circuit array could be reused simultaneously to replace the functions of the cells on their left side in the same row. Therefore, transient fault-cells in a transparent state can be reconfigured to realize the fault-cell reutilization. Finally,a circuit simulation, resource consumption, a reliability analysis and a detailed normalization analysis are presented. The FCRSS can improve the hardware utilization rate and system reliability at the expense of a small amount of hardware resources and reconfiguration time. Following the conclusion, the method of determining the optimal self-healing strategy is presented according to the environmental conditions.
The self-healing strategy is a key component in designing the bio-inspired embryonics circuit with the structure of cell arrays. However, the existing self-healing strategies of embryonics circuits mainly focus on permanent faults inside the modules of cells such as the function module and the configuration register, while little attention is paid to transient faults. From the point of view of obtaining high efficiency of hardware utilization, it would be a huge waste of hardware resources by permanent elimination when a cell only suffers a transient fault which can be repaired by a configuration mechanism. A new self-healing strategy, the Fault-Cell Reutilization Self-healing Strategy(FCRSS) which presents a method for reusing transient fault cells, is proposed in this paper. The circuit structures of all the modules in the cells are described in detail. In the new strategy, two processes of elimination and reconfiguration are combined. Within the process of fault-cell elimination, cells with transient faults in the embryonics circuit array could be reused simultaneously to replace the functions of the cells on their left side in the same row. Therefore, transient fault-cells in a transparent state can be reconfigured to realize the fault-cell reutilization. Finally,a circuit simulation, resource consumption, a reliability analysis and a detailed normalization analysis are presented. The FCRSS can improve the hardware utilization rate and system reliability at the expense of a small amount of hardware resources and reconfiguration time. Following the conclusion, the method of determining the optimal self-healing strategy is presented according to the environmental conditions.
The self-healing strategy is a key component in designing the bio-inspired embryonics circuit with the structure of cell arrays. However, the existing self-healing strategies of embryonics circuits mainly focus on permanent faults inside the modules of cells such as the function module and the configuration register, while little attention is paid to transient faults. From the point of view of obtaining high efficiency of hardware utilization, it would be a huge waste of hardware resources by permanent elimination when a cell only suffers a transient fault which can be repaired by a configuration mechanism. A new self-healing strategy, the Fault-Cell Reutilization Self-healing Strategy(FCRSS) which presents a method for reusing transient fault cells, is proposed in this paper. The circuit structures of all the modules in the cells are described in detail. In the new strategy, two processes of elimination and reconfiguration are combined. Within the process of fault-cell elimination, cells with transient faults in the embryonics circuit array could be reused simultaneously to replace the functions of the cells on their left side in the same row. Therefore, transient fault-cells in a transparent state can be reconfigured to realize the fault-cell reutilization. Finally,a circuit simulation, resource consumption, a reliability analysis and a detailed normalization analysis are presented. The FCRSS can improve the hardware utilization rate and system reliability at the expense of a small amount of hardware resources and reconfiguration time. Following the conclusion, the method of determining the optimal self-healing strategy is presented according to the environmental conditions.
引文
1.Mange D,Sanchez E,Stauffer A,Tempesti G,Marchal P,Piguet C.Embryonics:a new methodology for designing field-programmable gate arrays with self-repair and self-replicating properties.IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr VLSI Syst 1998;6(3):387-99.
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3.Zhang Z,Wang YR.Method to reliability improvement of chip self-healing hardware by array layout reformation.Acta Aeronaut Astronaut Sin 2014;35(12):3392-402[Chinese].
4.Zhang Z,Wang YR,Yang SS,Yao R,Cui J.The research of selfrepairing digital circuit based on embryonic cellular array.Neural Comput Appl 2008;17(2):145-51.
5.Zhang Z,Wang YR.Cell granularity optimization method of embryonics hardware in application design process.Acta Aeronaut Astronaut Sin 2016;37(11):3502-11[Chinese].
6.Canham RO,Tyrrell AM.A multilayered immune system for hardware fault tolerance within an embryonic array.Artif Immune Syst 2002;1(1):3-11.
7.Canham RO,Tyrrell AM.A hardware artificial Immune system and embryonic array for fault tolerant systems.Genet Program Evol Mach 2003;4(4):359-82.
8.Ortega SC,Mange D,Smith S,Tyrrell A.Embryonics:A bioinspired cellular architecture with fault-tolerant properties.Genet Program Evol Mach 2000;1(3):187-215.
9.Tempesti G,Mange D,Mudry PA,Possier JL,Stauffer A.Selfreplicating hardware for reliability:the embryonics project.Acm JEmerg Technol Comput Syst 2007;3(2):1-21.
10.Szasz CF,Virgil CX,Husi G.Embryonic systems implementation with FPGA-based artificial cell network hardware architectures.Asian J Control 2010;12(2):208-15.
11.Husi G,Szasz C,Chindris V.Artificial immune system implementation upon embryonic machine for hardware fault-tolerant industrial control applications.Glob J Comput Sci Technol 2010;10(4):60-6.
12.Lala PK,Kumar BK.An architecture for self-healing digital systems.J Electron Test 2003;19(5):3-7.
13.Lala PK,Kumar BK,Parkerson JP.On self-healing digital system design.Microelectron J 2006;37(4):353-62.
14.Li YP.Research on bio-inspired self-repairing technology based on bus structure[dissertation].Changsha:National University of Defence Technology;2012[Chinese].
15.Samie M,Dragffy G,Tyrrell AM,Pipe T.Novel bio-inspired approach for fault-tolerant VLSI systems.IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst 2013;21(10):1878-91.
16.Bremner P,Liu Y,Samie M,Dragfty G,Pipe AG,Tempesti G.SABRE:A bio-inspired fault-tolerant electronic architecture.Bioinspir Biomimetics 2013;8(1):1-16.
17.Wang NT.Research of self-healing technique based on prokaryotic bio-inspired array[dissertation].Changsha:National University of Defence Technology;2011.
18.Wang T,Cai JY,Meng YF.Design of bus-based embryonic array and selection method for mounts of spare cells.Comput Eng Appl2017;53(8):44-9[Chinese].
19.Wang T,Cai JY,Meng YF.A novel embryonics electronic cell array structure based on functional decomposition and circular removal self-repair mechanism.Adv Mech Eng 2017;9(9):1-16.
20.Reis GA,Chang J,Vachharajani N,Rangan R.SWIFT:software implemented fault tolerance.International symposium on code generation and optimization.2005.p.243-54.
21.Normand E.Single-event effects in avionics.IEEE Trans Nucl Sci1996;43(2):461-74.
22.Yao R,Chen QQ,Li ZW,Sun YM.Multi-objective evolutionary design of selective triple modular redundancy systems against SEUs.Chin J Aeronaut 2015;28(3):804-13.
23.Zhang Y.Designed and implementation of embryonic circuit oriented to self-repair on chip[dissertation].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics;2008[Chinese].
2.Stauffer A,Mange D,Rossier J,Vannel F.Bio-inspired selforganizing cellular systems.Biosystems 2008;94(1-2):164-9.
3.Zhang Z,Wang YR.Method to reliability improvement of chip self-healing hardware by array layout reformation.Acta Aeronaut Astronaut Sin 2014;35(12):3392-402[Chinese].
4.Zhang Z,Wang YR,Yang SS,Yao R,Cui J.The research of selfrepairing digital circuit based on embryonic cellular array.Neural Comput Appl 2008;17(2):145-51.
5.Zhang Z,Wang YR.Cell granularity optimization method of embryonics hardware in application design process.Acta Aeronaut Astronaut Sin 2016;37(11):3502-11[Chinese].
6.Canham RO,Tyrrell AM.A multilayered immune system for hardware fault tolerance within an embryonic array.Artif Immune Syst 2002;1(1):3-11.
7.Canham RO,Tyrrell AM.A hardware artificial Immune system and embryonic array for fault tolerant systems.Genet Program Evol Mach 2003;4(4):359-82.
8.Ortega SC,Mange D,Smith S,Tyrrell A.Embryonics:A bioinspired cellular architecture with fault-tolerant properties.Genet Program Evol Mach 2000;1(3):187-215.
9.Tempesti G,Mange D,Mudry PA,Possier JL,Stauffer A.Selfreplicating hardware for reliability:the embryonics project.Acm JEmerg Technol Comput Syst 2007;3(2):1-21.
10.Szasz CF,Virgil CX,Husi G.Embryonic systems implementation with FPGA-based artificial cell network hardware architectures.Asian J Control 2010;12(2):208-15.
11.Husi G,Szasz C,Chindris V.Artificial immune system implementation upon embryonic machine for hardware fault-tolerant industrial control applications.Glob J Comput Sci Technol 2010;10(4):60-6.
12.Lala PK,Kumar BK.An architecture for self-healing digital systems.J Electron Test 2003;19(5):3-7.
13.Lala PK,Kumar BK,Parkerson JP.On self-healing digital system design.Microelectron J 2006;37(4):353-62.
14.Li YP.Research on bio-inspired self-repairing technology based on bus structure[dissertation].Changsha:National University of Defence Technology;2012[Chinese].
15.Samie M,Dragffy G,Tyrrell AM,Pipe T.Novel bio-inspired approach for fault-tolerant VLSI systems.IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst 2013;21(10):1878-91.
16.Bremner P,Liu Y,Samie M,Dragfty G,Pipe AG,Tempesti G.SABRE:A bio-inspired fault-tolerant electronic architecture.Bioinspir Biomimetics 2013;8(1):1-16.
17.Wang NT.Research of self-healing technique based on prokaryotic bio-inspired array[dissertation].Changsha:National University of Defence Technology;2011.
18.Wang T,Cai JY,Meng YF.Design of bus-based embryonic array and selection method for mounts of spare cells.Comput Eng Appl2017;53(8):44-9[Chinese].
19.Wang T,Cai JY,Meng YF.A novel embryonics electronic cell array structure based on functional decomposition and circular removal self-repair mechanism.Adv Mech Eng 2017;9(9):1-16.
20.Reis GA,Chang J,Vachharajani N,Rangan R.SWIFT:software implemented fault tolerance.International symposium on code generation and optimization.2005.p.243-54.
21.Normand E.Single-event effects in avionics.IEEE Trans Nucl Sci1996;43(2):461-74.
22.Yao R,Chen QQ,Li ZW,Sun YM.Multi-objective evolutionary design of selective triple modular redundancy systems against SEUs.Chin J Aeronaut 2015;28(3):804-13.
23.Zhang Y.Designed and implementation of embryonic circuit oriented to self-repair on chip[dissertation].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics;2008[Chinese].