正面冲击作用下SUV副驾驶乘员损伤研究
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摘要
为降低运动型多功能车(SUV)副驾驶座乘员在正面冲击载荷下的乘员损伤,运用多体软件MADYMO建立某上市运动型多功能车(SUV)正面碰撞副驾驶乘员仿真模型,并运用滑台试验验证模型有效性,基于有效模型,分析安全带预紧方式、限力等级、带扣摩擦力对乘员损伤影响规律。结果表明:安全带双预紧降低乘员胸压量达31.75%;限力等级越高乘员损伤越大;带扣摩擦力增大至3.5 kN,导致肩带力下降320 N,胸部刚度提高至175 kN/m,胸部压缩量降低26.47%,而头部HIC_(36ms)基本不变。因而,安全带双预紧、适当降低安全带限力等级、适当加大带扣摩擦因数有利于降低SUV副驾驶乘员伤害值。
Multi-body software MADYMO was used to establish the simulation model of passenger-side restraint system in frontal impact to improve the protection level of co-driver occupant injuries of sport utility vehicle(SUV) in frontal impact collisions. The simulation results were compared with the experimental data by sliding impact test to verify the validity of the model. Based on the correlated model, the effects of different pre-tightening forms, different stress levels and the buckle friction force of seat belt on the injury values of the co-driver occupant were studied. Through analysis, safety belt double preloaded reduces the occupant chest compression to 31.75%. The greater the retractor load limiter value, the greater the occupant injury. The belt buckle friction force increased to 3.5 kN, leading to decrease the shoulder strap force of safety belt down 320 N, increase the chest stiffness to 175 kN / m, and decrease the chest compression by 26.47%, while the head injury criterion HIC_(36ms) essentially invariant. The results show that the safety belt double preloaded, appropriate to reduce the retractor load limiter value, as well as appropriate to increase the coefficient of buckle friction is conducive for reducing co-driver′s injury of SUV in frontal impact collisions.
Multi-body software MADYMO was used to establish the simulation model of passenger-side restraint system in frontal impact to improve the protection level of co-driver occupant injuries of sport utility vehicle(SUV) in frontal impact collisions. The simulation results were compared with the experimental data by sliding impact test to verify the validity of the model. Based on the correlated model, the effects of different pre-tightening forms, different stress levels and the buckle friction force of seat belt on the injury values of the co-driver occupant were studied. Through analysis, safety belt double preloaded reduces the occupant chest compression to 31.75%. The greater the retractor load limiter value, the greater the occupant injury. The belt buckle friction force increased to 3.5 kN, leading to decrease the shoulder strap force of safety belt down 320 N, increase the chest stiffness to 175 kN / m, and decrease the chest compression by 26.47%, while the head injury criterion HIC_(36ms) essentially invariant. The results show that the safety belt double preloaded, appropriate to reduce the retractor load limiter value, as well as appropriate to increase the coefficient of buckle friction is conducive for reducing co-driver′s injury of SUV in frontal impact collisions.
引文
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[2]陈涛,周亚妮,段利斌,等.正面碰撞多刚体仿真及其计算机反求方法研究[J].汽车工程学报,2016,6(2):96-105.CHEN Tao,ZHOU Yani,DUAN Libin,et al.Research on multi-rigid-body modeling and computer based reversing techniques in full-width frontal impact[J].Chin J Auto Engineering,2016,6(2):96-105.(in Chinese)
[3]Pereira M S,Nikravesh P,Gim G,et al.Dynamic analysis of roll-over and impact of vehicles[C]//XVIII Bus and Coach Experts Meeting.Budapest,Hungary,1987.
[4]Carvalho M.Ambrósio J,Eberhard P.Identification of validated multi-body vehicle models for crash analysis using a hybrid optimization procedure[J].Struc&MultiDisciplinary Optimization,2011,44(1):85-97.
[5]洪亮,葛如海,周海超,等.正面碰撞安全带约束系统保护的研究[J].广西大学学报,2016,41(2):363-370.HONG Liang,GE Ruhai,ZHOU Haichao,et al.Research on the protective effect of seat belt restraint system during the frontal collision[J].J Guangxi Univ:Nat Sci,2016,41(2):363-370.(in Chinese)
[6]葛如海,朱泳树,吴光,等.汽车正面40%偏置碰撞驾驶员侧安全性能仿真分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(9):34-39.GE Ruhai,ZHU Yongshu,WU Guang,et al.Research on driver safety in car 40%offset collision[J].Chin Safety Sci J,2014,24(9):34-39.(in Chinese)
[7]Netherlands organization for applied science research.Reference Manual[M].Delft,The Netherlands:The Netherlands TNO,2005.
[8]胡远志,梁永福,刘西,等.基于坐标系转换的乘员约束系统精确建模[J].汽车工程,2016,38(5):574-579.HU Yuanzhi,LIANG Yongfu,LIU Xi,et al.Accurate modeling of occupant restraint system based on coordinate system transformation[J].Auto Engineering,2016,38(5):574-579.(in Chinese)
[9]张学荣,刘学军,苏清祖,等.轿车乘员约束系统的试验验证及参数优化[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(10):1254-1257.ZHANG Xuerong,LIU Xuejun,SU Qingzu,et al.Testing validation and parameter optimization in occupant restraint system development[J].Chin Mech Engineering,2008,19(10):1254-1257.(in Chinese)
[10]曹立波,张萍,颜凌波,等.在车对车碰撞条件下轿车西斜角碰撞及小重叠碰撞的驾驶员损伤研究[J].汽车工程,2016,2(38):175-180.CAO Libo,ZHANG Ping,YAN Lingbo,et al.A study on driver injury in oblique and small overlap crashes under car to car collision[J].Automotive Engineering,2016,2(38):175-180.(in Chinese)
[11]商恩义,鞠春贤,蒋斌庆,等.正碰中安全带集中对胸部变形量影响及D环改进[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2014,5(3):252-256.SHANG Enyi,JU Chunxian,JIANG Binqing,et al.Influence of the safety belt collecting on chest deflection in frontal impact tests and the D-ring improvement[J].J Auto Safety and Energy,2014,5(3):252-256.
[12]商恩义,陈现领,杨劲松,等.驾驶员侧50%假人约束系统配置5%女性假人伤害研究[J].汽车技术,2015,46(3):47-51.SHANG Enyi,CHEN Xianling,YANG Jinsong,et al.Research on 5%female dummy injury on the driver side for restraint system based on 50%dummy[J].Auto Tech,2015,46(3):47-51.(in Chinese)