小重叠正面斜角碰撞工况对车体耐撞性的影响
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摘要
为了评价乘用汽车在小重叠正面斜角碰撞事故中的耐撞性,应用Hyper Works和LS-DYNA软件建立了两辆同款运动型多功能车(SUV)发生正面碰撞时的有限元模型。通过对数种25%重叠率碰撞工况的仿真计算,依据B柱下端最大加速度、A柱上部最大折弯角、前围板侵入量3项重要评价指标,分析了碰撞角度与速度对两辆车体耐撞性的影响。结果表明:该款车型在0°~45°小重叠率正面斜角碰撞中,耐撞性最差的工况出现于作为被突入车与突入车成0°~15°角发生高速碰撞时,其耐撞性会随着两车相对碰撞速度的提高而迅速变差。因此,可选择这种工况对该款车型的车体结构进行有针对性的优化设计。
A finite element model of two colliding sports utility vehicle(SUV) cars of same type was developed to evaluate the crashworthiness of passenger car in small overlap frontal oblique impact accident by using Hyper Works and LS-DYNA software. Through simulating several impact conditions of 25% overlap, the influences of collision angle and velocity on the crashworthiness of two car bodies were analyzed in terms of three important evaluation indexes i.e. maximum acceleration at the bottom of B-pillar, maximum bending angle on the upper part of A-pillar and dash panel intrusion. The results show as follows: In a 0° ~ 45° small overlap frontal oblique impact, this type of car had its worst crashworthiness when it was collided as an inserted highspeed car by an inserting high-speed car at 0° ~ 15°; and with the increase of relative collision velocity of two cars, its crashworthiness deteriorated sharply. So the condition can be chosen for the pointed optimizing design to the car body.
A finite element model of two colliding sports utility vehicle(SUV) cars of same type was developed to evaluate the crashworthiness of passenger car in small overlap frontal oblique impact accident by using Hyper Works and LS-DYNA software. Through simulating several impact conditions of 25% overlap, the influences of collision angle and velocity on the crashworthiness of two car bodies were analyzed in terms of three important evaluation indexes i.e. maximum acceleration at the bottom of B-pillar, maximum bending angle on the upper part of A-pillar and dash panel intrusion. The results show as follows: In a 0° ~ 45° small overlap frontal oblique impact, this type of car had its worst crashworthiness when it was collided as an inserted highspeed car by an inserting high-speed car at 0° ~ 15°; and with the increase of relative collision velocity of two cars, its crashworthiness deteriorated sharply. So the condition can be chosen for the pointed optimizing design to the car body.
引文
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[2]刘珍海,乔磊磊,岳国辉,等.正面小重叠碰撞工况模拟研究与实车优化分析[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2012,3(4):339-346.LIU Zhenhai,QIAO Leilei,YUE Guohui,et al.Simulation research and optimal analysis for small overlap frontal crashworthiness of a real car[J].J Auto Safety Energy,2012,3(4):339-346.(in Chinese)
[3]陈可明,胡丽娟,胡晏殊.国内某车型正面小偏置碰撞的全面评估[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2013,4(1):27-34.CHEN Keming,HU Lijuan,HU Yanshu.Small-overlap frontal-impact assessments for a vehicle made in China[J].J Auto Safety Energy,2013,4(1):27-34.(in Chinese)
[4]崔淑娟,陈可明.某车型小重叠碰撞仿真及车体结构优化[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2014,5(2):139-144.CUI Shujuan,CHEN Keming.Simulation and structure optimal analysis for small-overlap frontal-impact of a vehicle[J].J Auto Safety Energy,2014,5(2):139-144.(in Chinese)
[5]李林峰,刘卫国,张君媛,等.基于25%正面小偏置碰撞的某乘用车前端结构改进设计[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(17):2400-2405.LI Linfeng,LIU Weiguo,ZHANG Junyuan,et al.Design and improvement of a passenger vehicle frontal structure based on 25%small overlap frontal crash[J].Chin Mech Eng,2015,26(17):2400-2405.(in Chinese)
[6]Sullivan K,Henry S,Laiturl T R.A frontal impact taxonomy for USA field data[J].SAE Int’l J Passenger Cars:Mech Syst,2009,1(1):406-429.
[7]包崇美,王占强.碰撞出真知:解密国内首例车与车斜角小重叠率碰撞试验[J].世界汽车,2014,44(12):118-123.BAO Chongmei,WANG Zhanqiang.The collision of knowledge:The first domestic decryption car to car collision test overlap rate of small angle[J].World Auto,2014,44(12):118-123.(in Chinese)
[8]费敬,陈可明,乐中耀,等.约束系统匹配对车—车斜角碰撞中驾驶员损伤影响[J].汽车工程学报,2014,4(5):335-341.FEI Jing,CHEN Keming,YUE Zhongyao,et al.Study on development and optimization of driver restraint system for car-to-car oblique collision[J].Chin J Auto Eng,2014,4(5):335-341.(in Chinese)
[9]曹立波,张萍,颜凌波,等.在车对车碰撞条件下轿车斜角碰撞及小重叠碰撞的驾驶员损伤研究[J].汽车工程,2016,38(2):174-180.CAO Libo,ZHANG Ping,YAN Lingbo,et al.A study on driver injury in oblique and small overlap crashes under car to car collision[J].Auto Eng,2016,38(2):174-180.(in Chinese)
[10]颜凌波,丁宗阳,曹立波,等.车车斜角碰撞工况下驾驶员损伤研究[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,43(4):59-66.YAN Lingbo,DING Zongyang,CAO Libo,et al.Study on the driver injury in vehicle to vehicle oblique crashes[J].J Hunan Univ:Natu Sci,2016,43(4):59-66.(in Chinese)
[11]牛卫中,刘金鑫,潘胜娟.汽车侧面柱碰位置与速度对车体安全性的影响[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2016,7(1):55-59.NIU Weizhong,LIU Jinxin,PAN Shengjuan.Influence of collision location and speed on the car body security in pole side impact of a passenger car[J].J Auto Safety Energy,2016,7(1):55-59.(in Chinese)
[12]胡远志,曾必强,谢书港.基于LS-DYNA和Hyper Works的汽车安全仿真与分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011:127-147.HU Yuanzhi,ZENG Biqiang,XIE Shugang.Simulation and Analysis of Automotive Safety Based on LS-DYNA and Hyper Works[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011:127-147.(in Chinese)