一种刮削加工切削齿刃形计算与加工运动仿真方法
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摘要
针对非特定内外廓形的刮削加工,基于刮削加工原理与展成运动,提出一种基于离散廓形包络的切削齿刃形曲线通用计算方法,适用于任意结构前刀面,并给出切触点的求解方法与相应的空间刮削切触运动的计算仿真方法。首先剖析了刮削加工原理,从工件、刀具和运动配置参数角度构建了刮削加工的运动学模型;然后,基于曲面共轭原理分析了刮削加工的正逆问题,提出基于相对刀具运动的工件曲面与前刀面相交内包络的切削刃曲线求解方法,给出了详细的计算流程与方法以及切削刃可行性的判定规则;随后,进一步提出了基于切削刃的刮削过程切触点计算方法,并给出了时序对应的空间切触运动仿真分析方法;最后,分别以内外廓形的刮削加工为例,对所提出的切削刃计算方法和加工运动仿真方法的有效性进行了验证。
Focusing on the skiving of general internal and external profiles,a universal cutting edge calculation method,which involving the enveloping for discrete profiles,is proposed based on the working principle and the generating motion of skiving,and it suits for universal rake flank type.Meanwhile,the calculation method for contact points and corresponding spatial contact motion model are developed.Firstly,the skiving principle is analyzed,and the kinematic model is built in the terms of cutter,workpiece,and configuration parameters.Then,the forward and inverse questions of skiving are analyzed based on the conjugate theory,and the cutting edge curve identification that according to enveloping the intersection curves between rake flank and discrete workpiece surfaces is developed.Moreover,the detail schematic and calculation methods are described,and the judgment for the feasibility of the cutting edge is also given.Additionally,the ascertaining of cutting contact points by cutting edge and the approach on corresponded spatial cutting contact motions simulation are depicted.At last,examples for both external and internal skiving are given to verify the effectiveness of cutting edge identification and skiving motion simulation method.
Focusing on the skiving of general internal and external profiles,a universal cutting edge calculation method,which involving the enveloping for discrete profiles,is proposed based on the working principle and the generating motion of skiving,and it suits for universal rake flank type.Meanwhile,the calculation method for contact points and corresponding spatial contact motion model are developed.Firstly,the skiving principle is analyzed,and the kinematic model is built in the terms of cutter,workpiece,and configuration parameters.Then,the forward and inverse questions of skiving are analyzed based on the conjugate theory,and the cutting edge curve identification that according to enveloping the intersection curves between rake flank and discrete workpiece surfaces is developed.Moreover,the detail schematic and calculation methods are described,and the judgment for the feasibility of the cutting edge is also given.Additionally,the ascertaining of cutting contact points by cutting edge and the approach on corresponded spatial cutting contact motions simulation are depicted.At last,examples for both external and internal skiving are given to verify the effectiveness of cutting edge identification and skiving motion simulation method.
引文
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[10]毛世民.车齿齿形分析[J].机械传动,2014,38(10):50-53.MAO Shimin.Analysis of tooth profiles[J].Mechanical Transmission,2014,38(10):50-53.
[11]李海涛,魏文军,董学朱,等.曲线刀刃双自由度展成曲面的理论和应用[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(9):52-58.LI Haitao,WEI Wenjun,DONG Xuezhu,et al.Theory and application of curved blade double degree of freedom to form curved surface[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(9):52-58.
[12]郭二廓,洪荣晶,黄筱调,等.数控强力刮齿加工锥齿刀刃形计算[J].南京工业大学学报,2015,37(4):57-62.GUO Erkuo,HONG Rongjing,HUANG Xiaodiao,et al.Calculation of the shape of the bevel cutter for CNCstrong scraping machining[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology,2015,37(4):57-62.
[13]GUO E,HONG R,HUANG X,et al.Research on the design of skiving tool for machining involute gears[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2014,28(12):5107-5115.
[14]TSAI C Y.Mathematical model for design and analysis of power skiving tool for involute gear cutting[J].Mechanism&Machine Theory,2016,101:195-208.
[2]金精.车齿法原理与试验结果[J].西安交通大学学报,1962(2):71-99.JIN Jing.Principle and test results of car tooth method[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,1962(2):71-99.
[3]WU J L,LIU C C,TSAY C B,et al.Mathematical model and surface deviation of helipoid gears cut by shaper cutters[J].Journal of Mechanical Design,2003,125(2):351-355.
[4]KOJIMA M,NISHIJIMA K.Gear skiving of involute internal spur gear:(Part 1.On the tooth profile)[J].Bulletin of JSME,1974,17(106):511-518.
[5]SPATH D,HUEHSAM A.Skiving for High-performance Machining of Periodic Structures[J].CIRP Annals,2002,51(1):9l-94.
[6]STADFFELD H J.Power skiving of cylindrical gears on different machine platforms[J].Gear Technology,2014,31(1):52-62.
[7]李佳,陈新春,张鸿源.圆柱齿轮剐齿技术[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(19):193-198.LI Jia,CHEN Xinchun,ZHANG Hongyuan.Cylinder gear claw technology[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(19):193-198.
[8]陈新春,李佳,贺友平.直齿剐齿刀结构设计与计算[J].天津大学学报,2012,45(5):411-416.CHEN Xinchun,LI Jia,HE Youping.Structural design and calculation of straight tooth cutter[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2012,45(5):411-416.
[9]李佳,娄本超,陈新春.基于自由曲面的剐齿刀结构设计[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(17):157-164.LI Jia,ZHAI Benchao,CHEN Xinchun.Structural design of caries based on freeform surfaces[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(17):157-164.
[10]毛世民.车齿齿形分析[J].机械传动,2014,38(10):50-53.MAO Shimin.Analysis of tooth profiles[J].Mechanical Transmission,2014,38(10):50-53.
[11]李海涛,魏文军,董学朱,等.曲线刀刃双自由度展成曲面的理论和应用[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(9):52-58.LI Haitao,WEI Wenjun,DONG Xuezhu,et al.Theory and application of curved blade double degree of freedom to form curved surface[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(9):52-58.
[12]郭二廓,洪荣晶,黄筱调,等.数控强力刮齿加工锥齿刀刃形计算[J].南京工业大学学报,2015,37(4):57-62.GUO Erkuo,HONG Rongjing,HUANG Xiaodiao,et al.Calculation of the shape of the bevel cutter for CNCstrong scraping machining[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology,2015,37(4):57-62.
[13]GUO E,HONG R,HUANG X,et al.Research on the design of skiving tool for machining involute gears[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2014,28(12):5107-5115.
[14]TSAI C Y.Mathematical model for design and analysis of power skiving tool for involute gear cutting[J].Mechanism&Machine Theory,2016,101:195-208.