鄱阳湖流域典型灌区不同区域尺度水稻灌溉定额研究
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摘要
为探索南方灌区不同区域尺度水稻灌溉定额的差异,在南方地区鄱阳湖流域选取典型区域,开展不同区域尺度水量平衡试验,研究水稻全生育期不同区域尺度的灌溉定额,为不同区域尺度农业水资源规划、调度、管理和评价提供科学依据。结果表明:不同区域尺度水稻灌溉定额存在一定差异,随着尺度增大,灌溉定额逐渐减少,灌区存在回归水的重复利用;区域尺度灌溉定额较灌溉试验站有底测坑减少173.3 mm,减少率为32.80%;较大田典型田块尺度减少143.2 mm,减少率为28.74%。在采用灌溉试验站试验数据或典型田块观测计算数据进行农田灌溉指导或灌溉工程规划设计时,要适当考虑试验限制条件和区域内回归水的重复利用。
In order to explore the differences of different regional scale rice irrigation quota, typical irrigation area is selected in the south Poyang lake basin in this paper to carry out different regional scale water balance test and study the rice irrigation quota at different regional scale in the whole stages to provide scientific basis for different regional scale agricultural water resources planning, scheduling, management, and evaluation. The results showed that there was a certain difference in rice irrigation quota between different regional scales; The regional scale irrigation quota decreased by 173.3 mm and 32.80% compared with the bottom-pit in the experimental irrigation station; Compared with the typical field block size, the reduction rate was 143.2 mm and 28.74 %.When using the experimental data of irrigation test station or the typical field observation and calculation data for the guidance of farmland irrigation or the planning and design of irrigation engineering, the limitation conditions of experiment and the reuse of regression water in the region should be properly considered.
In order to explore the differences of different regional scale rice irrigation quota, typical irrigation area is selected in the south Poyang lake basin in this paper to carry out different regional scale water balance test and study the rice irrigation quota at different regional scale in the whole stages to provide scientific basis for different regional scale agricultural water resources planning, scheduling, management, and evaluation. The results showed that there was a certain difference in rice irrigation quota between different regional scales; The regional scale irrigation quota decreased by 173.3 mm and 32.80% compared with the bottom-pit in the experimental irrigation station; Compared with the typical field block size, the reduction rate was 143.2 mm and 28.74 %.When using the experimental data of irrigation test station or the typical field observation and calculation data for the guidance of farmland irrigation or the planning and design of irrigation engineering, the limitation conditions of experiment and the reuse of regression water in the region should be properly considered.
引文
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[15] 谢先红,崔远来.灌溉水利用效率随尺度变化规律分布式模拟[J].水科学进展,2010,21(5):.681-689.
[16] 陈皓锐,黄介生,伍靖伟,等.井渠结合灌区用水效率指标尺度效应研究框架[J].农业工程学报2009,25(8),1-7.
[2] 崔远来,董斌,李远华,等.农业灌溉节水评价指标与尺度问题[J].农业工程学报,2007,(7):1-7.
[3] 黄永江,孙文,屈忠义.内蒙古河套灌区田间水利用效率测试与区域分异规律[J].节水灌溉,2015,(7):1-4.
[4] 黄永江,屈忠义.不同空间尺度下灌区灌溉水利用效率研究[J].节水灌溉,2017,(1):45-49.
[5] 陈皓锐,韩松俊,王少丽,等.灌溉用水效率尺度效应的模拟分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2016,(9):62-67.
[6] 沈振荣,汪林,于福亮,等.节水新概念——真实节水的研究与应用[M].北京:中国水利电力出版社, 2000.
[7] Davenport C D, Hagan M R. Agricultural Water Conservation in California, with Emphasis on the San Joaquin Valley[R].Dept. of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California,1982:219.
[8] Solomon K H, Davidoff B. Relating unit and subunit irrigation performance[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1999,421:115-122.
[9] Tuong T P, Bhuiyan S I. Increasing water2use efficiency in rice production: farm2lever perspectives[J]. Agricultural Water Management,1999,403:117-122.
[10] Guerra L C, Bhuiyan S I, Tuong T P, et al. Producing more rice with less water. SWIM Paper 5[R]. International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka,1998:29.
[11] 高学睿.基于水循环模拟的农田土壤水效用评价方法与应用[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2013.
[12] 郭相平,张展羽.灌溉水源危机及其对策[C]//中国水利学会学术年会论文集,2000.
[13] 董斌,崔远来,李远华.水稻灌区节水灌溉的尺度效应[J].水科学进展,2005,(6):833-839.
[14] 刘路广,崔远来,吴瑕.考虑回归水重复利用的灌区用水评价指标[J].水科学进展,2013,(4):522-528.
[15] 谢先红,崔远来.灌溉水利用效率随尺度变化规律分布式模拟[J].水科学进展,2010,21(5):.681-689.
[16] 陈皓锐,黄介生,伍靖伟,等.井渠结合灌区用水效率指标尺度效应研究框架[J].农业工程学报2009,25(8),1-7.