植物新品种DUS测试中近似品种的筛选方法
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摘要
随着新版《种子法》的实施和植物新品种保护权收费的停征,植物新品种权的申请量逐年增长,植物品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(DUS)测试机构的工作量大幅增加。近似品种是特异性判定的基础,快速准确筛选近似品种是DUS测试工作高效有序开展的重要保证。综述DUS测试中筛选近似品种的信息来源和筛选途径,有助于品种测试机构提高DUS测试的效率,缩短植物新品种权的授权周期。DNA分子标记因其诸多优点在近似品种筛选和特异性判定中发挥着重要的作用,最后提出未来DNA分子标记研究的3个方向,为测试机构和育种家开展相关工作提供参考。
With the implementation of the new edition of "Seed Law" and cessation of new plant variety right fee,the number of applications for new plant variety right has been increasing each year,resulting in substantial increase of the workload of DUS testing station.Similar variety is the base for the examination of distinctness of a variety.Quickly and accurately screening of similar varieties is an important guarantee for the efficient conduction of DUS testing.The data sources and ways of selection of similar varieties in the DUS testing were summarized,which would help the Station to improve efficiency of DUS testing and then shorten the period of authorization of new plant variety rights.The molecular markers are playing an important role in the similar variety selection and distinctness assessment.Three research directions of molecular markers for future research were put forward to give some hints to DUS test stations and breeders in the future work.
With the implementation of the new edition of "Seed Law" and cessation of new plant variety right fee,the number of applications for new plant variety right has been increasing each year,resulting in substantial increase of the workload of DUS testing station.Similar variety is the base for the examination of distinctness of a variety.Quickly and accurately screening of similar varieties is an important guarantee for the efficient conduction of DUS testing.The data sources and ways of selection of similar varieties in the DUS testing were summarized,which would help the Station to improve efficiency of DUS testing and then shorten the period of authorization of new plant variety rights.The molecular markers are playing an important role in the similar variety selection and distinctness assessment.Three research directions of molecular markers for future research were put forward to give some hints to DUS test stations and breeders in the future work.
引文
[1]郭瑞华,崔野韩.“国际植物新品种保护联盟”简介[J].上海农业学报,2002(1):6.
[2]王汝锋,崔野韩.国际植物新品种保护的起源、现状与发展趋势[J].中国种业,2003(1):1-4.
[3]农业农村部.中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例实施细则(农业部分)[Z].2014.
[4]滕海涛,吕波,徐岩,等.植物新品种DUS测试及近似品种的选择[J].中国种业,2008(8):14-16.
[5]李汝玉,张晗,段丽丽,等.基于大白菜全基因组序列开发的SSR核心引物组及应用,中国专利:CN105112523A,2015-12-02.
[6]李汝玉,张晗,王雪梅,等.基于谷子全基因组序列开发的SSR核心引物组及其应用[P].中国专利:CN103060318A,2013-04-24.
[7]UPOV.Guidelines for DNA-profiling molecular marker selection and database construction(“BMTGuidelines”)[M].Geneva(Switzerland):The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,2010.
[8]陆光远,伍晓明,张冬晓,等.SSR标记分析国家油菜区试品种的特异性和一致性[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(1):32-42.
[9]Gunjaca J,Buhinicek I,Jukic M,et al.Discriminating maize inbred lines using molecular and DUSdata[J].Euphytica,2008,161(1-2):165-172.
[10]Ibánez J,Vélez M D,Andrés M T D,et al.Molecular markers for establishing distinctness in vegetatively propagated crops:a case study in grapevine[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2009,119(7):1 213.
[11]张晗,姚凤霞,刘永杰,等.EST-SSR标记在冬小麦品种DUS测试中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(5):801-806.
[12]韩凤龙,李正玲,胡琳,等.用于河南省小麦品种特异性和一致性鉴定的SSR分子标记研究[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(18):3 698-3 704.
[13]赖运平,张浙峰,王丽容,等.利用SSR标记筛选DUS测试中甘蓝型油菜近似品种[J].分子植物育种,2013,11(2):174-184.
[14]王立新,李宏博,廖琴,等.利用分子标记筛查小麦相似品种(系)[J].作物学报,2010,36(9):1490-1497.
[15]张晗,郑永胜,李汝玉,等.一种利用SSR分子标记筛选小麦近似品种的方法[P].中国专利:CN105132551A,2015-12-09.
[16]张晗,李汝玉,段丽丽,等.基于表型性状的大豆特异性测试中的近似品种筛选方法[P].中国专利:CN105740655A,2016-07-06.
[17]孙加梅,王鹏,王玮,等.基于表型性状的玉米特异性测试近似品种筛选方法[J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(2):271-278.
[18]Tommasini L,Batley J,Arnold G,et al.The development of multiplex simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers to complement distinctness,uniformity and stability testing of rape(Brassica napus L.)varieties[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2003,106(6):1 091-1 101.
[19]Kwon Y S,Lee J M,Yi G B,et al.Use of SSR markers to complement tests of distinctiveness,uniformity,and stability(DUS)of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)varieties[J].Molecules and Cells,2005,19(3):428-435.
[20]Noli E,Teriaca M S,Sanguineti M C,et al.Utilization of SSR and AFLP markers for the assessment of distinctness in durum wheat[J].Molecular Breeding,2008,22(2):301-313.
[21]Sarao N K,Vikal Y,Singh K,et al.SSR marker-based DNA fingerprinting and cultivar identification of rice(Oryza sativa L.)in Punjab state of India[J].Plant Genetic Resources,2010,8(1):42-44.
[22]Hong J H,Kwon Y S,Mishra R K,et al.Construction of EST-SSR databases for effective cultivar identification and their applicability to complement for lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)distinctness test[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2015,6(1):113-125.
[23]UPOV.Trial design and techniques used in the examination of distinctness,uniformity and stability(TGP/8/3)[M].Geneva(Switzerland):The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,2016:54-66.
[24]UPOV.Examining distinctness(TGP/9)[M].Geneva(Switzerland):The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,2008:12-13.
[25]唐浩.植物品种特异性一致性稳定性测试总论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017:72-117.
[26]农业农村部植物新品种测试(杭州)分中心.水稻新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[27]农业农村部植物新品种测试(公主岭)分中心.玉米新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[28]农业农村部植物新品种测试(广州)分中心.花生新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[29]农业农村部植物新品种测试(成都)分中心.甘蓝型油菜新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2012.
[30]Jamali S H,Sadeghi L,Jazayeri M R,et al.Genic markers assessment of four qualitative characteri stics in DUS testing of rice varieties.2013.http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?rec ordID=IR2015001455.
[31]Jones H,Norris C,Smith D,et al.Evaluation of the use of high-density SNP genotyping to implement UPOV Model 2 for DUS testing in barley[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2013,126(4):901-911.
[32]张冰清.利用SSR标记进行杂交油菜品种鉴定[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(6):728-734.
[33]陈红.申请植物新品种权时如何选择近似品种和陈述理由[J].中国种业,2017(12):5-7.
[2]王汝锋,崔野韩.国际植物新品种保护的起源、现状与发展趋势[J].中国种业,2003(1):1-4.
[3]农业农村部.中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例实施细则(农业部分)[Z].2014.
[4]滕海涛,吕波,徐岩,等.植物新品种DUS测试及近似品种的选择[J].中国种业,2008(8):14-16.
[5]李汝玉,张晗,段丽丽,等.基于大白菜全基因组序列开发的SSR核心引物组及应用,中国专利:CN105112523A,2015-12-02.
[6]李汝玉,张晗,王雪梅,等.基于谷子全基因组序列开发的SSR核心引物组及其应用[P].中国专利:CN103060318A,2013-04-24.
[7]UPOV.Guidelines for DNA-profiling molecular marker selection and database construction(“BMTGuidelines”)[M].Geneva(Switzerland):The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,2010.
[8]陆光远,伍晓明,张冬晓,等.SSR标记分析国家油菜区试品种的特异性和一致性[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(1):32-42.
[9]Gunjaca J,Buhinicek I,Jukic M,et al.Discriminating maize inbred lines using molecular and DUSdata[J].Euphytica,2008,161(1-2):165-172.
[10]Ibánez J,Vélez M D,Andrés M T D,et al.Molecular markers for establishing distinctness in vegetatively propagated crops:a case study in grapevine[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2009,119(7):1 213.
[11]张晗,姚凤霞,刘永杰,等.EST-SSR标记在冬小麦品种DUS测试中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(5):801-806.
[12]韩凤龙,李正玲,胡琳,等.用于河南省小麦品种特异性和一致性鉴定的SSR分子标记研究[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(18):3 698-3 704.
[13]赖运平,张浙峰,王丽容,等.利用SSR标记筛选DUS测试中甘蓝型油菜近似品种[J].分子植物育种,2013,11(2):174-184.
[14]王立新,李宏博,廖琴,等.利用分子标记筛查小麦相似品种(系)[J].作物学报,2010,36(9):1490-1497.
[15]张晗,郑永胜,李汝玉,等.一种利用SSR分子标记筛选小麦近似品种的方法[P].中国专利:CN105132551A,2015-12-09.
[16]张晗,李汝玉,段丽丽,等.基于表型性状的大豆特异性测试中的近似品种筛选方法[P].中国专利:CN105740655A,2016-07-06.
[17]孙加梅,王鹏,王玮,等.基于表型性状的玉米特异性测试近似品种筛选方法[J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(2):271-278.
[18]Tommasini L,Batley J,Arnold G,et al.The development of multiplex simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers to complement distinctness,uniformity and stability testing of rape(Brassica napus L.)varieties[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2003,106(6):1 091-1 101.
[19]Kwon Y S,Lee J M,Yi G B,et al.Use of SSR markers to complement tests of distinctiveness,uniformity,and stability(DUS)of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)varieties[J].Molecules and Cells,2005,19(3):428-435.
[20]Noli E,Teriaca M S,Sanguineti M C,et al.Utilization of SSR and AFLP markers for the assessment of distinctness in durum wheat[J].Molecular Breeding,2008,22(2):301-313.
[21]Sarao N K,Vikal Y,Singh K,et al.SSR marker-based DNA fingerprinting and cultivar identification of rice(Oryza sativa L.)in Punjab state of India[J].Plant Genetic Resources,2010,8(1):42-44.
[22]Hong J H,Kwon Y S,Mishra R K,et al.Construction of EST-SSR databases for effective cultivar identification and their applicability to complement for lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)distinctness test[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2015,6(1):113-125.
[23]UPOV.Trial design and techniques used in the examination of distinctness,uniformity and stability(TGP/8/3)[M].Geneva(Switzerland):The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,2016:54-66.
[24]UPOV.Examining distinctness(TGP/9)[M].Geneva(Switzerland):The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,2008:12-13.
[25]唐浩.植物品种特异性一致性稳定性测试总论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017:72-117.
[26]农业农村部植物新品种测试(杭州)分中心.水稻新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[27]农业农村部植物新品种测试(公主岭)分中心.玉米新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[28]农业农村部植物新品种测试(广州)分中心.花生新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[29]农业农村部植物新品种测试(成都)分中心.甘蓝型油菜新品种DUS测试性状照片拍摄规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2012.
[30]Jamali S H,Sadeghi L,Jazayeri M R,et al.Genic markers assessment of four qualitative characteri stics in DUS testing of rice varieties.2013.http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?rec ordID=IR2015001455.
[31]Jones H,Norris C,Smith D,et al.Evaluation of the use of high-density SNP genotyping to implement UPOV Model 2 for DUS testing in barley[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2013,126(4):901-911.
[32]张冰清.利用SSR标记进行杂交油菜品种鉴定[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(6):728-734.
[33]陈红.申请植物新品种权时如何选择近似品种和陈述理由[J].中国种业,2017(12):5-7.