近岸带珊瑚礁台波浪破碎变形流场结构的试验和数值模拟
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摘要
珊瑚礁群在东南亚海域近岸带分布十分广泛,其形态特征将促使波浪在礁台处发生破碎,对此处的海洋生态环境和水工建筑物受力产生影响。通过自研发的同步软件控制PIV、造波机和波高采集仪等设备,同步采集了波浪通过珊瑚礁台时的变形过程和流场数据,同时采用基于OpenFOAM的数学模型对该过程进行模拟。结果表明波浪在破碎前波高被突然抬升,破碎后势能急剧降低。破碎流场分布采集清晰,破碎过程中水体内速度方向有部分反转,流速最大处在水舌处。
Coral reefs are widely distributed in the coastal zone of Southeast Asia. The morphological characteristics of the coral reefs will cause the waves to break at the reef stations, which will affect the marine ecological environment and the stress of hydraulic structures. In this paper, the PIV device, wave makers and wave height data acquisition equipment are controlled by the self-developed synchronization software. The deformation process and flow field data of waves passing through coral reef stations are collected synchronously. At the same time, a mathematical model based on OpenFOAM is used to simulate the process. The results show that the wave height was suddenly lifted before breaking, and the potential energy decreased sharply after breaking. The distribution of the crushing flow field is clearly collected. In the crushing process, the direction of velocity in the water body is partially reversed, and the maximum flow velocity is at the water tongue.
Coral reefs are widely distributed in the coastal zone of Southeast Asia. The morphological characteristics of the coral reefs will cause the waves to break at the reef stations, which will affect the marine ecological environment and the stress of hydraulic structures. In this paper, the PIV device, wave makers and wave height data acquisition equipment are controlled by the self-developed synchronization software. The deformation process and flow field data of waves passing through coral reef stations are collected synchronously. At the same time, a mathematical model based on OpenFOAM is used to simulate the process. The results show that the wave height was suddenly lifted before breaking, and the potential energy decreased sharply after breaking. The distribution of the crushing flow field is clearly collected. In the crushing process, the direction of velocity in the water body is partially reversed, and the maximum flow velocity is at the water tongue.
引文
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[2]张其一,史宏达,高伟,等.珊瑚礁地形上波浪传播变形的非静压数值模拟[J].海岸工程,2017,36(4):1-8.ZHANG Qi-yi,SHI Hong-da, GAO Wei, et al. Non-hydrostatic numerical simulation of wave propagation deformation on coral reef terrain[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2017, 36(4):1-8.
[3]柳淑学,刘宁,李金宣,等.波浪在珊瑚礁地形上破碎特性试验研究[J].海洋工程,2015,33(2):42-49.LIU Shu-xue, LIU Ning, LI Jin-xuan, et al. Experimental researches on wave propagation characteristics on reefs terrain[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2015, 33(2):42-49.
[4] S.R. Massel,M.R. Gourlay. On the modelling of wave breaking and set-up on coral reefs[J]. Coastal Engineering,2000,39(1):1-27.
[5] GOURLAY M R. Wave set-up on coral reefs:some practical applications[C]//Proceedings of Pacific Coasts and Ports, 1997(2):959-964.
[6] GOURLAY M R. Wave set-up on coral reefs:2. Set-up on coral reefs with various profiles[J]. Coastal Engineering, 1996, 28(1-4):17-55.
[7] GOURLAY M R. Wave transformation on a coral reef[J]. Coastal Engineering, 1994, 23(1-2):17-42.
[8]梅弢,高峰.波浪在珊瑚礁坪上传播的水槽试验研究[J].水道港口,2013,34(1):13-18.MEI Tao, GAO Feng. Flume experiment research on law of wave propagation in reef flat[J]. Journal of Waterway and Harbor, 2013,34(1):13-18.
[9]赵子丹,张庆河,刘海青.波浪在珊瑚礁及台阶式地形上的传播[J].海洋通报,1995,14(4):1-10.ZHAO Zi-dan, ZHANG Qing-he, LIU Hai-qing. Wave transformation on coral reefs and submerged steps[J]. Marine Science Bulletin,1995, 14(4):1-10.