低磷胁迫条件下大豆磷高效近等基因系主要农艺性状分析
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摘要
【目的】采用2个在根系形态构型和磷效率方面差异显著的大豆品种为亲本材料,以表型性状结合紧密连锁的SSR标记辅助选择,构建了磷高效相关根形态构型近等基因系(NILs),在2种磷水平条件下比较NILs不同株系及受体亲本(BD2,CK)在主要农艺性状方面的差异。【方法】以BC5F3NILs的5个株系和受体亲本(CK)在缺磷红壤上设置不施磷肥(LP)和高磷(施用磷肥160kg/hm~2,HP)试验,分别测定株高、生育期、叶面积、叶柄荚角、产量及其构成因素等关键指标。【结果】在2种磷水平条件下,NILs的5个株系间略有差异,但未达显著水平;NILs在株高、生育期、叶面积、分枝数、百粒重等性状上较受体亲本略有增加,但差异不显著,NILs株系间差异不显著:NILs叶柄夹角较BD2降低17.65%,达显著水平;低磷条件下,NILs群体根冠比显著增加,单株产量平均值为9.35 g,变异系数为8.0%,较BD2增17.76%,单株荚数平均值为39.82个,变异系数为8.72%,较BD2增13.38%,单株粒数平均值为61.84粒,变异系数为10.76%,NILs较BD2增17.88%,均达到显著或极显著水平。【结论】NILs群体在主要农艺性状上基本回归到轮回亲本水平,株系间差异不显著,一致性程度较高,是较理想的近等基因系。研究结果为未来生理生化和基因克隆研究提供材料基础。
【Objective】Two soybean varieties with significant differences in root morphology configuration and phosphorus efficiency were used as the parents materials. Using phenotypic traits combined with closely linked SSR marker-assisted selection,near-isogenic lines(NILs) with high phosphorus-related root morphology were constructed. Using phenotypic traits combined with closely linked SSR markerassisted selection,near-isogenic lines(NILs) of high P-efficient related root morphological configurations were constructed,and the differences in the main agronomic traits of NILs and BD2,CK were compared under two phosphorus levels. 【Method】Plant height,growth period,leaf area,yield,and compositional factors of five strains of BC5 F3 NILs and their receptor parents(CK) were measured in the absence of phosphate(LP) and 160 kg/hm~2 phosphate(HP). 【Result】Under the two phosphorus levels,the five lines of NILs were slightly different,but they did not reach significant levels. NILs slightly increased in plant height,growth period,and leaf area compared with the recipient parents,but the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference among the 5 lines of NILs compared with BD2,and the leaf stalk angle of NILs was reduced by 17. 65 %,reached significant levels; under low phosphorus conditions,the average yield of NILs per plant was increased by 17. 76 % compared with the control BD2,and the average number of pods was increased by 13. 38 %,the grain number increased by 17. 88 %,the coefficient of variation were 8. 0 %,8. 72 %,and 10. 76 %,respectively,reaching significant difference at P ≤5 % or P ≤1 % level. 【Conclusion】The NILs population basically returned to the genetic background of BD2 in major agronomic traits. The differences between plant lines were not significant and it was an ideal NILs with root traits morphology and architecture related to high phosphorus-efficient. The results provided a material basis for future research on physiological biochemistry and gene cloning.
【Objective】Two soybean varieties with significant differences in root morphology configuration and phosphorus efficiency were used as the parents materials. Using phenotypic traits combined with closely linked SSR marker-assisted selection,near-isogenic lines(NILs) with high phosphorus-related root morphology were constructed. Using phenotypic traits combined with closely linked SSR markerassisted selection,near-isogenic lines(NILs) of high P-efficient related root morphological configurations were constructed,and the differences in the main agronomic traits of NILs and BD2,CK were compared under two phosphorus levels. 【Method】Plant height,growth period,leaf area,yield,and compositional factors of five strains of BC5 F3 NILs and their receptor parents(CK) were measured in the absence of phosphate(LP) and 160 kg/hm~2 phosphate(HP). 【Result】Under the two phosphorus levels,the five lines of NILs were slightly different,but they did not reach significant levels. NILs slightly increased in plant height,growth period,and leaf area compared with the recipient parents,but the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference among the 5 lines of NILs compared with BD2,and the leaf stalk angle of NILs was reduced by 17. 65 %,reached significant levels; under low phosphorus conditions,the average yield of NILs per plant was increased by 17. 76 % compared with the control BD2,and the average number of pods was increased by 13. 38 %,the grain number increased by 17. 88 %,the coefficient of variation were 8. 0 %,8. 72 %,and 10. 76 %,respectively,reaching significant difference at P ≤5 % or P ≤1 % level. 【Conclusion】The NILs population basically returned to the genetic background of BD2 in major agronomic traits. The differences between plant lines were not significant and it was an ideal NILs with root traits morphology and architecture related to high phosphorus-efficient. The results provided a material basis for future research on physiological biochemistry and gene cloning.
引文
[1]梁翠月,廖红.植物根系响应低磷胁迫的机理研究[J].生命科学,2015,27(3):389-397.
[2]严小龙,张福锁.植物营养遗传学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997.
[3]Yan X L,Wu P,Ling H Q,et al.Plant nutriomics in China:An overview[J].Ann Bot.2006,98:473-48.
[4]尹元萍,董文汉,王明君,等.2种磷水平下大豆种质资源品质性状的遗传差异分析[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(10):2185-2190.
[5]Clark F E.Nodulation responses of two near isogenic lines of the soybean[J].Can J Microbiol,1957,3(2):113-123.
[6]邓化冰,邓启云,陈立云,等.野生稻增产QTL导入9311之近等基因系的构建[J].杂交水稻,2005,20(6):52-56.
[7]Kobayashi A,Sonoda J,Sugimoto K,et al.Detection and verification of QTLs associated with heat-induced quality decline of rice(Oryza sativa L.)using recombinant inbred lines and near-isogenic lines[J].Breeding Science,2013,63:339-346.
[8]严长杰.水稻淀粉合成重要基因的近等基因系构建及其效应分析[D].扬州:扬州大学,2007.
[9]Tang S Q,Shao G N,Wei X J.QTL mapping of grain weight in rice and the validation of the QTL qtgw3.2[J].Gene,2013,527:201-206.
[10]徐青萍,罗超云,廖红,等.大豆不同品种对磷胁迫反应的研究[J].大豆科学,2003,22:108-114.
[11]梁泉,黄莉,尹元萍,等.一种适于大豆磷效率筛选的SSR引物及其使用方法[P].201710040716.8,国家知识产权局.
[12]方宣钧,吴为人,唐纪良.作物DNA标记辅助育种选择[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[13]罗丽华,肖应辉,周倩倩,等.水稻不同库容近等基因系构建及源库特性比较[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):915-918.
[14]章琦,王春莲,赵开军,等.携有抗白叶枯病新基因Xa23水稻近等基因系的构建及应用[J].中国水稻科学,2002,16(3):206-210.
[15]王吴彬,何庆元,杨红燕,等.大豆分枝数和叶柄荚角的相关野生片段分析[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4749-4758.
[16]石明松.对光照长度敏感隐性雄性不育水稻的发现与初步研究[J].中国农业科学,1985(7):44-48.
[17]刘立峰,张洪亮,穆平,等.水、旱稻根基粗、千粒重主效QTL近等基因系的构建及鉴评[J].农业生物技术学报,2007,15(3):469-476.
[18]赵霏,任三娟,郭泽建,等.利用近等基因系研究豌豆铁蛋白基因对水稻重要生物学特性的影响[J].农业生物技术学报,2011,19(1):63-68.
[19]满为群,杜维广,张桂茹,等.大豆高光效、高产近等基因系形态及生理验证[J].大豆科学,1999,18(1):37-40.
[20]梁泉,尹元萍,廖红,等.不同磷水平下大豆根系性状的遗传特性分析[J].分子植物育种,2009,7(2):321-329.
[21]Liang Q,Cheng X H,Mei M T,et al.QTL analysis of root traits as related to phosphorus efficiency in soybean[J].Ann Bot,2010,106:223-234.
[22]严小龙,廖红,戈振扬,等.植物根构型特性与磷吸收效率[J].植物学通报,2000,17(6):511-519.
[23]廖红,严小龙.低磷胁迫下菜豆根构型性状的QTL定位[J].农业生物技术学报,2000(8):67-70.
[24]廖红,严小龙.菜豆根构型对低磷胁迫的适应性变化及基因型差异[J].植物学报,2000,42:158-163.
[25]Gahoonia T S,Nielsen N E,Root traits as tools for creating phosphorus efficient crop varieties[J].Plant Soil,2004,260:47-57.
[26]Lambers H,Shane M W,Cramer M D,et al.Root structure and functioning for efficient acquisition of phosphorus:matching morphological and physiological traits[J].Ann Bot,2006,98:693-713.
[27]Beebe S E,Rojas-Pierce M,Yan X L,et al.Quantitative trait loci for root architecture traits correlated with phosphorus acquisition in common bean[J].Crop Sci.,2006,46:413-423.
[2]严小龙,张福锁.植物营养遗传学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997.
[3]Yan X L,Wu P,Ling H Q,et al.Plant nutriomics in China:An overview[J].Ann Bot.2006,98:473-48.
[4]尹元萍,董文汉,王明君,等.2种磷水平下大豆种质资源品质性状的遗传差异分析[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(10):2185-2190.
[5]Clark F E.Nodulation responses of two near isogenic lines of the soybean[J].Can J Microbiol,1957,3(2):113-123.
[6]邓化冰,邓启云,陈立云,等.野生稻增产QTL导入9311之近等基因系的构建[J].杂交水稻,2005,20(6):52-56.
[7]Kobayashi A,Sonoda J,Sugimoto K,et al.Detection and verification of QTLs associated with heat-induced quality decline of rice(Oryza sativa L.)using recombinant inbred lines and near-isogenic lines[J].Breeding Science,2013,63:339-346.
[8]严长杰.水稻淀粉合成重要基因的近等基因系构建及其效应分析[D].扬州:扬州大学,2007.
[9]Tang S Q,Shao G N,Wei X J.QTL mapping of grain weight in rice and the validation of the QTL qtgw3.2[J].Gene,2013,527:201-206.
[10]徐青萍,罗超云,廖红,等.大豆不同品种对磷胁迫反应的研究[J].大豆科学,2003,22:108-114.
[11]梁泉,黄莉,尹元萍,等.一种适于大豆磷效率筛选的SSR引物及其使用方法[P].201710040716.8,国家知识产权局.
[12]方宣钧,吴为人,唐纪良.作物DNA标记辅助育种选择[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[13]罗丽华,肖应辉,周倩倩,等.水稻不同库容近等基因系构建及源库特性比较[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(3):915-918.
[14]章琦,王春莲,赵开军,等.携有抗白叶枯病新基因Xa23水稻近等基因系的构建及应用[J].中国水稻科学,2002,16(3):206-210.
[15]王吴彬,何庆元,杨红燕,等.大豆分枝数和叶柄荚角的相关野生片段分析[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4749-4758.
[16]石明松.对光照长度敏感隐性雄性不育水稻的发现与初步研究[J].中国农业科学,1985(7):44-48.
[17]刘立峰,张洪亮,穆平,等.水、旱稻根基粗、千粒重主效QTL近等基因系的构建及鉴评[J].农业生物技术学报,2007,15(3):469-476.
[18]赵霏,任三娟,郭泽建,等.利用近等基因系研究豌豆铁蛋白基因对水稻重要生物学特性的影响[J].农业生物技术学报,2011,19(1):63-68.
[19]满为群,杜维广,张桂茹,等.大豆高光效、高产近等基因系形态及生理验证[J].大豆科学,1999,18(1):37-40.
[20]梁泉,尹元萍,廖红,等.不同磷水平下大豆根系性状的遗传特性分析[J].分子植物育种,2009,7(2):321-329.
[21]Liang Q,Cheng X H,Mei M T,et al.QTL analysis of root traits as related to phosphorus efficiency in soybean[J].Ann Bot,2010,106:223-234.
[22]严小龙,廖红,戈振扬,等.植物根构型特性与磷吸收效率[J].植物学通报,2000,17(6):511-519.
[23]廖红,严小龙.低磷胁迫下菜豆根构型性状的QTL定位[J].农业生物技术学报,2000(8):67-70.
[24]廖红,严小龙.菜豆根构型对低磷胁迫的适应性变化及基因型差异[J].植物学报,2000,42:158-163.
[25]Gahoonia T S,Nielsen N E,Root traits as tools for creating phosphorus efficient crop varieties[J].Plant Soil,2004,260:47-57.
[26]Lambers H,Shane M W,Cramer M D,et al.Root structure and functioning for efficient acquisition of phosphorus:matching morphological and physiological traits[J].Ann Bot,2006,98:693-713.
[27]Beebe S E,Rojas-Pierce M,Yan X L,et al.Quantitative trait loci for root architecture traits correlated with phosphorus acquisition in common bean[J].Crop Sci.,2006,46:413-423.