大麦株高近等基因系的磷素利用效率特性分析
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摘要
为明确大麦株高对磷素利用效率的影响,采用土培盆栽试验,以4对两种遗传背景下的大麦株高近等基因系为材料,设置施磷(P_2O_5:60 mg·kg~(-1)土)和不施磷两种磷处理,于成熟期采样,分析其农艺性状、磷含量、磷素利用效率等差异。结果表明,施磷处理下大麦近等基因系株高、单株产量、单株秸秆干重及收获指数均较不施磷处理增高,高秆大麦的株高、穗长、芒长、产量及收获指数均显著大于矮秆大麦,而其单株秸秆干重小于矮秆大麦。施磷处理下近等基因系根系、秸秆、籽粒磷含量及磷积累量整体高于不施磷处理。不施磷处理下,高秆大麦的秸秆磷含量及磷积累量整体小于矮秆大麦,而其籽粒磷积累量整体大于矮秆大麦,最大高出矮秆大麦89.87%。施磷处理下大麦的根系、秸秆及籽粒磷素利用效率小于不施磷处理,秸秆磷素利用效率变化最大,施磷为不施磷的25%～68%,其中高秆大麦变化幅度大于矮秆大麦。经相关性分析,大麦单株产量与籽粒磷积累量呈显著正相关,与根系磷积累量呈极显著或显著负相关;穗长与秸秆磷利用效率、株高与磷收获指数以及芒长与磷收获指数在施磷和不施磷处理下分别呈显著负相关和正相关。相较于矮秆大麦,高秆大麦在低磷环境下具有更高的收获指数及磷收获指数,说明高秆大麦具有更高的耐低磷特性。因此,在缺磷土壤中选择株高较高的大麦能获得更好的经济效益。
This study focused on analyzing the P utilization efficiency(PUE) in near-isogenic lines of plant height of barley,so as to reveal the effect of plant height on PUE. Four pairs of barley plant height near-isogenic lines,which were from two genetic backgrounds,were subjected to a P application of 60 mg P_2O_5·kg~(-1) soil and 0 in a pot experiment. Samples were collected at mature stage to analyze their agronomic traits,P content and PUE. Further correlation analysis was performed on these indicators. The results show that tall lines showed higher plant height,panicle length and awn length. The total plant height with P application were greater than that without P treatment,indicating that the application of P could increase the plant height of barley. The straw biomass per plant of dwarf lines were higher than that of the high lines,reaching to a significant level without P treatment. P content and accumulation of roots,straw and grain showed higher tendency with P application than those without P application. The P content and accumulation in straw were generally higher in dwarf lines than in tall lines without P application. The P accumulation in grain of tall lines were 1.15-1.90 times more than that of dwarf lines,the highest can be 89.87% higher.The P content and accumulation in roots and the P content in grain were only significantly different in some near-isogenic lines. It was found that the PUE in different pairs of near-isogenic lines were generally higher under no P application conditions than that under P application condition. The change of straw PUE was the largest,and the PUE of straw with P application was 25%-68% of it without P application.The tall lines changed more than the dwarf lines.The PHI of high lines were generally higher than that of dwarf lines without P application while it was generally lower than that of dwarf lines with P application. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between yield per plant and grain P accumulation under different P treatments,and a significant negative correlation between yield per plants and P accumulation in roots. The correlations between panicle length and PUE of straw,plant height and PHI,awn length and PHI all showed a significant negative correlation with P application and a significant positive correlation without P application. When in a low-phosphorus environment,high lines of barley has higher HI and PHI,indicating that high lines of barley distributes relatively more P to the grain under P-deficient conditions,resulting in a relatively higher yield. Therefore,the high lines of plant height near-isogenic lines of barley suit better for low-P stress,and it can get better economic benefits in P-deficient soils.
This study focused on analyzing the P utilization efficiency(PUE) in near-isogenic lines of plant height of barley,so as to reveal the effect of plant height on PUE. Four pairs of barley plant height near-isogenic lines,which were from two genetic backgrounds,were subjected to a P application of 60 mg P_2O_5·kg~(-1) soil and 0 in a pot experiment. Samples were collected at mature stage to analyze their agronomic traits,P content and PUE. Further correlation analysis was performed on these indicators. The results show that tall lines showed higher plant height,panicle length and awn length. The total plant height with P application were greater than that without P treatment,indicating that the application of P could increase the plant height of barley. The straw biomass per plant of dwarf lines were higher than that of the high lines,reaching to a significant level without P treatment. P content and accumulation of roots,straw and grain showed higher tendency with P application than those without P application. The P content and accumulation in straw were generally higher in dwarf lines than in tall lines without P application. The P accumulation in grain of tall lines were 1.15-1.90 times more than that of dwarf lines,the highest can be 89.87% higher.The P content and accumulation in roots and the P content in grain were only significantly different in some near-isogenic lines. It was found that the PUE in different pairs of near-isogenic lines were generally higher under no P application conditions than that under P application condition. The change of straw PUE was the largest,and the PUE of straw with P application was 25%-68% of it without P application.The tall lines changed more than the dwarf lines.The PHI of high lines were generally higher than that of dwarf lines without P application while it was generally lower than that of dwarf lines with P application. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between yield per plant and grain P accumulation under different P treatments,and a significant negative correlation between yield per plants and P accumulation in roots. The correlations between panicle length and PUE of straw,plant height and PHI,awn length and PHI all showed a significant negative correlation with P application and a significant positive correlation without P application. When in a low-phosphorus environment,high lines of barley has higher HI and PHI,indicating that high lines of barley distributes relatively more P to the grain under P-deficient conditions,resulting in a relatively higher yield. Therefore,the high lines of plant height near-isogenic lines of barley suit better for low-P stress,and it can get better economic benefits in P-deficient soils.
引文
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[24]张丽英,张正斌,徐萍,等.黄淮小麦农艺性状进化及对产量性状调控机理的分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(5):1013. ZHANG L Y,ZHANG Z B,XU P,et al.Evolution of agronomic traits of wheat and analysis of the mechanism of agronomic traits controlling the yield traits in the Huang-Huai Plain [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(5):1013.
[25]胡德益,蔡露,陈光登,等.不同磷水平下大麦分蘖期磷效率相关性状QTL定位分析[J].作物学报,2017,43(12):1746. HU D Y,CAI L,CHEN G D,et al.Mapping QTLs for phosphorus efficiency at tillering stage under different phosphorus levels in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) [J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2017,43(12):1746.
[26]SU J Y,ZHENG Q,LI H W,et al.Detection of QTLs for phosphorus use efficiency in relation to agronomic performance of wheat grown under phosphorus sufficient and limited conditions [J].Plant Science,2009,176:824.
[27]蔡秋燕,张锡洲,李廷轩,等.磷高效野生大麦拔节期对植酸态有机磷的利用[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(16):3146. CAI Q Y,ZHANG X Z,LI T X,et al.The utilization of phytate organic phosphorus in P-efficient wild barley genotypes at jointing stage [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(16):3146.
[28]HIDAKA A,KITAYAMA K.Allocation of foliar phosphorus fractions and leaf traits of tropical tree species in response to decreased soil phosphorus availability on Mount Kinabalu,Borneo [J].Journal of Ecology,2011,99(3):849.
[29]ZAMANI K,SABET M S,LOHRASEBI T,et al.Improved phosphate metabolism and biomass production by overexpression of AtPAP18,in tobacco [J].Biologia,2012,67(4):713.
[30]GAO S Q,CHEN G D,HU D Y,et al.A major quantitative trait locus controlling phosphorus utilization efficiency under different phytate-P conditions at vegetative stage in barley [J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(2):285.
[31]RAMAEKERS L,REMANS R,RAO I M,et al.Strategies for improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency of crop plants [J].Field Crops Research,2010,117(2):169.
[32]范霞,张吉旺,任佰朝,等.不同株高夏玉米品种的氮素吸收与利用特性[J].作物学报,2014,40(10):1830. FAN X,ZHANG J W,REN B Z,et al.Nitrogen uptake and utilization of summer maize hybrids with different plant heights [J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014,40(10):1830.
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[2]DHILLON J,TORRES G,DRIVER E,et al.World phosphorus use efficiency in cereal crops [J].Agronomy Journal,2017,109(4):1670.
[3]董旭,王雪,石磊,等.植物磷转运子PHT1家族研究进展[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(03):799. DONG X,WANG X,SHI L,et al.Advances in plant PHT1 phosphate transporter family research [J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2017,23(3):799.
[4]何丹,张锡洲,李廷轩,等.稻种资源的磷利用效率差异及其分类评价[J].中国土壤与肥料,2012(3):70. HE D,ZHANG X Z,LI T X,et al.Classification and evaluation of utilization efficiency for different rice germplasms [J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2012(3):70.
[5]VENEKLAAS E J,LAMBERS H,BRAGG J,et al.Opportunities for improving phosphorus use efficiency in crop plants [J].New Phytologist,2012,195(2):306.
[6]WANG X,SHEN J,LIAO H.Acquisition or utilization,which is more critical for enhancing phosphorus efficiency in modern crops? [J].Plant Science,2010,179(4):302.
[7]AKKHTAR M S,OKI Y,ADACHI T,et al.Relative phosphorus utilization efficiency,growth response,and phosphorus uptake kinetics of Brassica cultivars under a phosphorus stress environment [J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2007,38(7-8):1061.
[8]LIU J,FU S,YANG L,et al.Vacuolar SPX-MFS transporters are essential for phosphate adaptation in plants [J].Plant Signaling and Behavior,2016,11(8):e12134741.
[9]MANSKE G G B,ORTIZ-MONASTERIO J I,VAN Ginkel R M,et al.Phosphorus use efficiency in tall,semi-dwarf and dwarf near-isogenic lines of spring wheat [J].Euphytica,2002,125(1):113.
[10]杜欢,马彤彤,侯晓梦,等.20对大麦株高近等基因系农艺与产量性状差异及相关性分析[J].华北农学报,2016,31(5):114. DU H,MA T T,HOU X M,et al.Difference and correlation analysis of agronomic and yield characters in twenty pairs near-isogenic line of plant height of barley [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2016,31(5):114.
[11]姚金保,任丽娟,张平平,等.小麦株高及其构成因素的遗传及相关性分析[J].麦类作物学报,2011,31(4):604. YAO J B,REN L J,ZHANG P P,et al.Genetic and correlation analysis of plant height and its components in wheat [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2011,31(4):604.
[12]严俊,程剑平,GUTTERMAN Y,等.以色列野生二棱大麦农艺性状差异及相关性分析[J].麦类作物学报,2007,27(6):969. YAN J,CHENG J P,GUTTERMAN Y,et al.Phenological and phenotypic differences and correlations among ecotypes of Hordeum spontaneum originating from different locations in Israel [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2007,27(6):969.
[13]SHABNAM R,IQBAL M T.Phosphorus use efficiency by wheat plants that grown in an acidic soil [J].Brazilian Journal of Science and Technology,2016,3(1):18.
[14]李珍.大麦矮秆及产量性状的QTL定位分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2007:1. LI Z.QTL Analysis of plant height and yield component traits in barley [D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2007:1.
[15]姚晓云,李清,刘进,等.不同环境下水稻株高和穗长的QTL分析[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(3):407. YAO X Y,LI Q,LIU J,et al.Dissection of QTLs for plant height and panicle length traits in rice under different environment [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(3):407.
[16]LUO J H,LIU H,ZHOU T Y,et al.An-1 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein that regulates awn development,grain size,and grain number in rice [J].Plant Cell,2013,25(9):3360.
[17]张宇,司二静,孟亚雄,等.不同来源大麦材料的农艺性状和籽粒蛋白质含量及群体遗传结构分析[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(7):940. ZHANG Y,SI E J,MENG Y X,et al.Analysis on agronomic traits,grain protein content and population structure of barley germplasm from different geographical origins [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2015,35(7):940.
[18]TANG Z,YANG Z,HU Z,et al.Cytonuclear epistatic quantitative trait locus mapping for plant height and ear height in maize [J].Molecular Breeding,2013,31(1):1.
[19]LI H,YANG Q,FAN N,et al.Quantitative trait locus analysis of heterosis for plant height and ear height in an elite maize hybrid Zhengdan 958 by design III [J].BMC Genetics,2017,18(1):36.
[20]WANG Y H,DUA Y Y,YANG Z Y,et al.Comparing the effects of GA-responsive dwarfing genes Rht13 and Rht8 on plant height and some agronomic traits in common wheat [J].Field Crops Research,2015,179:35.
[21]赖勇,王鹏喜,范贵强,等.大麦SSR标记遗传多样性及其与农艺性状关联分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(2):233. LAI Y,WANG P X,FAN G Q,et al.Genetic diversity and association analysis using SSR markers in barley [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(2):233.
[22]NIU Y F,CHAI R S,JIN G L,et al.Responses of root architecture development to low phosphorus availability:A review [J].Annals of Botany,2012,112:285.
[23]梁翠月,廖红.植物根系响应低磷胁迫的机理研究[J].生命科学,2015,27(3):389. LIANG C Y,LIAO H.Molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of plant roots to low P stress [J].Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences,2015,27(3):389.
[24]张丽英,张正斌,徐萍,等.黄淮小麦农艺性状进化及对产量性状调控机理的分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(5):1013. ZHANG L Y,ZHANG Z B,XU P,et al.Evolution of agronomic traits of wheat and analysis of the mechanism of agronomic traits controlling the yield traits in the Huang-Huai Plain [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(5):1013.
[25]胡德益,蔡露,陈光登,等.不同磷水平下大麦分蘖期磷效率相关性状QTL定位分析[J].作物学报,2017,43(12):1746. HU D Y,CAI L,CHEN G D,et al.Mapping QTLs for phosphorus efficiency at tillering stage under different phosphorus levels in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) [J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2017,43(12):1746.
[26]SU J Y,ZHENG Q,LI H W,et al.Detection of QTLs for phosphorus use efficiency in relation to agronomic performance of wheat grown under phosphorus sufficient and limited conditions [J].Plant Science,2009,176:824.
[27]蔡秋燕,张锡洲,李廷轩,等.磷高效野生大麦拔节期对植酸态有机磷的利用[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(16):3146. CAI Q Y,ZHANG X Z,LI T X,et al.The utilization of phytate organic phosphorus in P-efficient wild barley genotypes at jointing stage [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(16):3146.
[28]HIDAKA A,KITAYAMA K.Allocation of foliar phosphorus fractions and leaf traits of tropical tree species in response to decreased soil phosphorus availability on Mount Kinabalu,Borneo [J].Journal of Ecology,2011,99(3):849.
[29]ZAMANI K,SABET M S,LOHRASEBI T,et al.Improved phosphate metabolism and biomass production by overexpression of AtPAP18,in tobacco [J].Biologia,2012,67(4):713.
[30]GAO S Q,CHEN G D,HU D Y,et al.A major quantitative trait locus controlling phosphorus utilization efficiency under different phytate-P conditions at vegetative stage in barley [J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(2):285.
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