近场散射测量中的天线方向图修正技术
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摘要
针对近场散射测量中由于天线方向图照射的不均匀性,在近场数据外推后难以获得目标准确雷达散射截面(radar cross section,RCS)的问题,提出基于近似函数的天线方向图修正方法,在近场数据外推的过程中对天线方向图进行补偿,从而提高目标RCS测量的准确性。首先推导了近远场变换的计算过程,然后根据收发天线照射目标的角域,分析了与天线方向图吻合的近似函数,通过对近似函数的傅里叶级数展开修正了天线方向图的影响。仿真结果表明,对于不同的天线方向图,该方法在近远场变换过程中具有良好的修正效果。实验分别对点目标和线目标进行了验证,结果表明了方向图修正外推方法的有效性和准确性。
To solve the problem that it is difficult to obtain the accurate radar cross section(RCS)only by the near-field to far-field transformation due to the inhomogeneity of the antenna pattern,an antenna pattern correction method based on approximate functions is proposed,which compensates the antenna pattern during the process of extrapolating the near-field data,so as to improve the accuracy of obtaining the RCS of the target.Firstly,the process of calculating RCS by using the near-field to far-field transformation is derived.Then the approximate function identical to the antenna pattern is analyzed and the influence of the antenna pattern is corrected by using Fourier expansion in the angular domain the antenna covers.The simulation results show that this method has a good effect on compensating different antenna patterns in the near-field to far-field transformation.The effects on the point target and the line target are verified by experiments.The results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the method.
To solve the problem that it is difficult to obtain the accurate radar cross section(RCS)only by the near-field to far-field transformation due to the inhomogeneity of the antenna pattern,an antenna pattern correction method based on approximate functions is proposed,which compensates the antenna pattern during the process of extrapolating the near-field data,so as to improve the accuracy of obtaining the RCS of the target.Firstly,the process of calculating RCS by using the near-field to far-field transformation is derived.Then the approximate function identical to the antenna pattern is analyzed and the influence of the antenna pattern is corrected by using Fourier expansion in the angular domain the antenna covers.The simulation results show that this method has a good effect on compensating different antenna patterns in the near-field to far-field transformation.The effects on the point target and the line target are verified by experiments.The results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the method.
引文
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[22]LAHAIE I J,RICE S A.Antenna-pattern correction for nearfield-to-far-field RCS transformation of 1Dlinear SAR measurements[J].IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2004,46(4):177-183.
[23]高超,袁晓峰,肖志河,等.基于散射分布函数模型的近远场变换技术研究[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(2):371-377.GAO C,YUAN X F,XIAO Z H,et al.Near-field to far-field transformation based on reflectivity distribution model[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2015,30(2):371-377.
[24]ZHOU Y,DU L G,WANG N Zh.Antenna pattern correction technique for near-field RCS measurement based on image[C]∥Proc of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement&Instruments(ICEMI),2015:1135-1139.
[25]COLEMAN C M,LAHAIE I J,RICE S A.Antenna pattern correction for the circular near-field-to-far-field transformation(CNFFFT)[C]∥Proc of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Antenna Measurement Techniques Association,2005:195-200.
[2]OMIL S,UNOL T,ARIMA T,et al.Accuracy investigation of2-D near-field far-field transformation for RCS measurement using 2.5-D targets[C]∥Proc.of the International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation(ISAP),2016:302-303.
[3]HU CH F,LI N J,CHEN W J,et al.High-precision RCS measurement of aircraft’s weak scattering source[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2016,29(3):772-778.
[4]YU Y,PI Y M.Terahertz target radar cross-section measurement with ISAR technique[J].Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves,2015,34(5):545-550.
[5]WANG H Y,HONG T,YAO J,et al.Design of RCS measurement system RF front-end hardware circuit based on L band[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Wireless Broadband(ICUWB),2016:1-3.
[6]CHEN W Q,YANG L,XIAO Z H,et al.The research on echo signal processing for outdoor RCS measurement system[C]∥Proc.of the Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium(PIERS),2016:1522-1526.
[7]张乐锋,吴建辉,胡卫东.雷达目标特性的毫米波紧缩场测量方法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2014,36(7):1275-1281.ZHANG L F,WU J H,HU W D.MMW CATR measurement for target radar signature[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2014,36(7):1275-1281.
[8]王君波,姚远,俞俊生,等.大口径紧缩场中板间缝隙对静区特性影响的分析[J].北京邮电大学学报,2016,39(5):78-82.WANG J B,YAO Y,YU J S H,et al.An analysis of the impact of the panel gap on quiet zone characteristics in the large compact antenna test range[J].Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2016,39(5):78-82.
[9]COMBLET F.Radar cross section measurements in an anechoic chamber:Description of an experimental system and post processing[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements&Applications(CAMA),2014:1-4.
[10]李南京,徐志浩,胡楚锋,等.基于成像提取的RCS精确测量方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(1):74-82.LI N J,XU ZH H,HU CH F,et al.Research on accurate radar cross section measurement method based on imaging extraction[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017,38(1):74-82.
[11]DULUCQ B,MORVAN S,MASSALOUX P,et al.Near-field3D-RCS measurement simulation:antenna pattern issues[C]∥Proc.of the 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propa-gation,2014:3225-3227.
[12]WU SH Y,ZHANG X K,LIN C K,et al.Study on the influence of antenna pattern on targets’near-field scattering characteristic[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE Mtt-s International Microwave Workshop Series on Advanced Materials and Processes for RF and THz Applications(IMWS-AMP),2016:1-4.
[13]吴洋,薛正辉,任武,等.时域平面近场散射测量研究[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(2):351-356.WU Y,XUE ZH H,REN W,et al.Time domain planar near field scattering measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2015,30(2):351-356.
[14]于丁,周津涛,郝欣,等.单站球面近场散射测量方法研究[J].微波学报,2016,37(S2):444-447.YU D,ZHOU J T,HAO X,et al.Study of monostatic spherical near-field scattering measurement method[J].Journal of Microwaves,2016,37(S2):444-447.
[15]OHMIL S,UNOL T,ARIMAL T,et al.Accuracy investigation of monostatic and bistatic RCS measurement by near-field far-field transformation with planar scanning[C]∥Proc.of the International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation(ISAP),2014:133-134.
[16]LAHAIE I J.An overview of advanced processing techniques for RCS measurements[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium,2001:608-611.
[17]LAHAIE I J,COLEMAN C M,RICE S A.An improved version of the circular near field to far field transformation(CNFFFT)[C]∥Proc of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Antenna Measurement Techniques Association,2005:196-201.
[18]高超,巢增明,袁晓峰,等.飞行器RCS近场测试技术研究进展与工程应用[J].航空学报,2016,37(3):749-760.GAO CH,CHAO Z M,YUAN X F,et al.Progress of aircraft RCS near field measurement and its application[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2016,37(3):749-760.
[19]FANG Y,WANG B P,SUN CH,et al.Near-field electromagnetic scattering measurement and imaging approach based on compressed sensing[C]∥Proc of the 5th IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation(APCAP),2016:217-218.
[20]张晓玲,陈明领,廖可非.基于三维SAR成像的RCS近远场变换方法研究[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(2):297-302.ZHANG X L,CHEN M L,LIAO K F.Research on methods of targets’RCS near-field-to-far-field transformation based on3-D SAR imaging[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2015,37(2):297-302.
[21]李南京,王剑飞.外推和几何修正在天线方向图修正中的应用[J].国外电子测量技术,2013,32(7):41-43.LI N J,WANG J F.Extraplolation and geometric correction in the application of the antenna pattern correction[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2013,32(7):41-43.
[22]LAHAIE I J,RICE S A.Antenna-pattern correction for nearfield-to-far-field RCS transformation of 1Dlinear SAR measurements[J].IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2004,46(4):177-183.
[23]高超,袁晓峰,肖志河,等.基于散射分布函数模型的近远场变换技术研究[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(2):371-377.GAO C,YUAN X F,XIAO Z H,et al.Near-field to far-field transformation based on reflectivity distribution model[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2015,30(2):371-377.
[24]ZHOU Y,DU L G,WANG N Zh.Antenna pattern correction technique for near-field RCS measurement based on image[C]∥Proc of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement&Instruments(ICEMI),2015:1135-1139.
[25]COLEMAN C M,LAHAIE I J,RICE S A.Antenna pattern correction for the circular near-field-to-far-field transformation(CNFFFT)[C]∥Proc of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Antenna Measurement Techniques Association,2005:195-200.