污水处理对黑水/灰水中溶解性有机物紫外光谱及荧光光谱特性的影响
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摘要
为了考察黑水/灰水中溶解性有机物(DOM)光谱特征在污水处理过程中的变化规律以及生物处理前后黑水/灰水中DOM特性上的异同,对污水处理过程中黑水/灰水DOM的紫外光谱及荧光光谱特征进行了测定分析。结果表明,黑水原水中DOM的含量远高于灰水,且含有较多难降解有机物。生物处理可实现对黑水与灰水中易降解DOM的有效去除,MBR系统中的膜分离过程也可以起到截留溶解性有机物的作用。经MBR处理后,同黑水出水相比,灰水出水中的DOM含量更低,且主要为饱和有机物,苯环C骨架的聚合程度较高,THMs生成活性更低。生物处理过程可有效去除黑水/灰水中蛋白质类物质与易降解腐殖质类物质。生物处理后,黑水与灰水的蛋白峰均消失,黑水出水类腐殖酸峰F荧光强度高于灰水出水。与黑水出水相比,灰水出水更适用作再生水加以回收利用。
In order to investigate the variation of the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in black and gray water during wastewater treatment and the differences of DOM characteristics in black and gray water between pre-and post-biological treatment, the ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra of DOM in black and gray water were measured and analyzed along the wastewater treatment process. The results showed that the DOM concentration in raw black water was much higher than that in gray water, and the former contained more non-biodegradable organic matters. Biological treatment can effectively remove easy degradable DOM in black and gray water. The membrane separation process in membrane bioreactor system(MBR) can also intercept DOM in black and gray water. Compared with the effluent of black water, DOM concentration in the effluent of gray water was lower, and its main component was saturated organic matter. The polymerization degree of benzene ring carbon skeleton was higher, and the THMs formation activity was lower. The biological treatment process can effectively remove protein and biodegradable humic substances from black and gray water. After biological treatment, the protein peaks of black and gray water disappeared, and the fluorescence intensity of humic acid-like substances in the effluent of black water was higher than that in gray water. In comparison with black water effluent, the effluent of gray water is more suitable for recycling.
In order to investigate the variation of the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in black and gray water during wastewater treatment and the differences of DOM characteristics in black and gray water between pre-and post-biological treatment, the ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra of DOM in black and gray water were measured and analyzed along the wastewater treatment process. The results showed that the DOM concentration in raw black water was much higher than that in gray water, and the former contained more non-biodegradable organic matters. Biological treatment can effectively remove easy degradable DOM in black and gray water. The membrane separation process in membrane bioreactor system(MBR) can also intercept DOM in black and gray water. Compared with the effluent of black water, DOM concentration in the effluent of gray water was lower, and its main component was saturated organic matter. The polymerization degree of benzene ring carbon skeleton was higher, and the THMs formation activity was lower. The biological treatment process can effectively remove protein and biodegradable humic substances from black and gray water. After biological treatment, the protein peaks of black and gray water disappeared, and the fluorescence intensity of humic acid-like substances in the effluent of black water was higher than that in gray water. In comparison with black water effluent, the effluent of gray water is more suitable for recycling.
引文
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[22] CORY R M, MCKNIGHT D M. Fluorescence spectroscopy reveals ubiquitous presence of oxidized and reduced quinones in dissolved organic matter[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2005, 39(21):8142-8149.
[23] SWIETLIK J, SIKORSKA E. Application of fluorescence spectroscopy in the studies of natural organic matter fractions reac?tivity with chlorine dioxide and ozone[J]. Water Research, 2004, 38(17):3791-3799.
[24]朱松梅,周振,谢跃,等.工业园区污水厂溶解性有机物转化规律研究[J].环境科学与技术, 2016, 39(7):18-22.
[25]冯伟莹,朱元荣,吴丰昌,等.太湖水体溶解性有机质荧光特征及其来源解析[J].环境科学学报, 2016, 36(2):475-482.
[26] JAFFE R, BOYER J N, LU X, et al. Source characterization of dissolved organic matter in a subtropical mangrove-dominated estuary by fluorescence analysis[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2004, 84(3/4):195-210.
[2] TOLKSDORF J,CORNEL P. Semicentralized greywater and blackwater treatment for fast growing cities:How uncertain influ?ent characteristics might affect the treatment processes[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2017, 75(7):1722-1731.
[3] YAMAMOTO H, LILJESTRAND H M, SHIMIZU Y, et al. Effects of physical-chemical characteristics on the sorption of se?lected endocrine disrnptors by dissolved organic matter surrogates[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2003, 37(12):2646-2657.
[4]董存存.城市水环境代谢系统中溶解性有机物的特性表征[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2016.
[5] KANOKKANTAPONG V, MARHABA T F, PAVASANT P, et al. Characterization of haloacetic acid precursors in source wa?ter[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2006, 80(3):214-221.
[6] SAIDI A, MASMOUDI K, NOLDE E, et al. Organic matter degradation in a greywater recycling system using a multistage moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2017, 76(12):3328-3339.
[7] SIEVERS J C, WATZEL T, LONDONG J, et al. Case study:Characterization of source-separated blackwater and greywater in the ecological housing estate Lubeck“Flintenbreite”(Germany)[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016, 75(22):1428-1435.
[8]任武昂,金鹏康,石彦丽.污水处理工艺过程中有机物特性研究[J].水处理技术, 2014, 40(11):43-47.
[9] CARSTEA E M, BRIDGEMAN J, BAKER A, et al. Fluorescence spectroscopy for wastewater monitoring:A review[J]. Water Research, 2016, 95:205-219.
[10]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2002.
[11]何伟,白泽琳,李一龙,等.溶解性有机质特性分析与来源解析的研究进展[J].环境科学学报, 2016, 36(2):359-372.
[12]林星杰,杨慧芬,宋存义. UV254在水质监测中应用的研究[J].能源与环境, 2006(1):22-24.
[13]刘莹,盛飞,陈文婷,等. UV254在煤制气废水处理中的指示作用[J].环境工程学报, 2015, 9(4):1809-1814.
[14] WEISHAAR J L, AIKEN G R, BERGAMASCHI B A, et al. Evaluation of specific ultraviolet absorbance as an indicator of the chemical composition and reactivity of dissolved organic carbon[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2003, 37(20):4702-4708.
[15]孙晓明,王启山,乔琦,等.混凝-气浮控制三卤甲烷生成势的研究[J].环境工程学报, 2011, 5(11):2508-2512.
[16] SINGER P C. Humic substances as precursors for potentially harmful disinfection by-products[J]. Water Science&Technolo?gy, 1999, 40(9):25-30.
[17]谷洁,李生秀,秦清军,等.微生物及胡敏酸E4/E6值在农业废弃物静态高温腐解中的变化[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 33(12):98-102.
[18]程丽华,王奇,韩婷,等.混凝对二级出水中有机物分布特性的影响[J].环境工程学报, 2013, 7(8):2919-2924.
[19]戴捷,冯志江,陈丽雯,等.膜生物反应器中膜污染控制技术研究进展[J].水处理技术, 2013, 39(8):10-13.
[20] IORHEMEN O T, HAMZA R A, TAY J H. Membrane bioreactor(MBR)technology for wastewater treatment and reclama?tion:Membrane fouling[J]. Membranes, 2016, 6(2):33-62.
[21]安莹,李云辉,李震,等.改良型AO法组合工艺中有机物的三维荧光分析[J].环境工程学报, 2013, 7(1):159-163.
[22] CORY R M, MCKNIGHT D M. Fluorescence spectroscopy reveals ubiquitous presence of oxidized and reduced quinones in dissolved organic matter[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2005, 39(21):8142-8149.
[23] SWIETLIK J, SIKORSKA E. Application of fluorescence spectroscopy in the studies of natural organic matter fractions reac?tivity with chlorine dioxide and ozone[J]. Water Research, 2004, 38(17):3791-3799.
[24]朱松梅,周振,谢跃,等.工业园区污水厂溶解性有机物转化规律研究[J].环境科学与技术, 2016, 39(7):18-22.
[25]冯伟莹,朱元荣,吴丰昌,等.太湖水体溶解性有机质荧光特征及其来源解析[J].环境科学学报, 2016, 36(2):475-482.
[26] JAFFE R, BOYER J N, LU X, et al. Source characterization of dissolved organic matter in a subtropical mangrove-dominated estuary by fluorescence analysis[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2004, 84(3/4):195-210.