辽河口沉积物中古菌和细菌群落结构分析
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摘要
本研究旨在了解辽河口表层沉积物中古菌和细菌的群落结构组成、多样性及其与环境因子之间的相关性。采用构建古菌和细菌16SrRNA基因文库的方法,应用Illumina Miseq测序技术进行序列分析。结果表明:辽河口表层沉积物中细菌多样性高于古菌多样性,近岸细菌和古菌多样性高于远岸,即河相区(0.8~7.04)细菌多样性高于混合区(13.1~20.7)和海相区(24.2~31.5);主要古菌群落为奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota,72.73%)和广古菌门(Euryarchaeota,25.05%),其中泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota,0.001%)只在河相区站位被发现;细菌群落组成中变形菌门(Proteobacteria,61.94%)为该河口的优势菌群,其次为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,11.21%)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria,5.59%),其他门类如蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria,3.03%)等比例较小。与环境因子的冗余度分析表明:影响表层沉积物中古菌群落分布的主要环境因子依次为氨盐、泥、酸碱度、盐度、电导率和砂,而细菌群落的分布主要受到溶氧、泥、砂、黏土和总磷的影响。由此可见,不同环境条件下微生物的群落结构存在空间异质性,不同微生物对同一环境条件的响应亦不同。
The aim of this study was to investigate the community structure,diversity and correlation with environmental factors of the archaeal and bacterial in the surface sediments of Liaohe Estuary.Using the method of constructing 16S rRNA gene library of archaea and bacteria,application Illumina Miseq sequencing technology for sequence analysis.The results showed that the diversity of bacteria in the surface sediments of Liaohe Estuary was higher than that of archaea,and the diversity of archaea and bacteria in the nearshore was higher than that in the off-lying sea,that is,the diversity of the low salt area(0.8-7.04)was higher than that of middle salt area(13.1-20.7)and high salt area(24.2-31.5).The main archaea communities were Thaumarchaeota(72.73%)and Euryarchaeota(25.05%),while Crenarchaeota(0.001%)was found only in the low salt area.Proteobacteria(61.94%) was the dominant bacteria group,followed by Bacteroidetes(11.21%)and Acidobacteria(5.59%),other phyla,such as Cyanobacteria(3.03%) accounted for less.The redundancy(RDA)analysis between samples and environmental factors shows that:the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of archaeal community in surface sediments are as follows:NH_4~+> Silt> pH> Salinity> Cond> Sand,bacterial community distribution is mainly affected by DO>Silt>Sand> Clay> TP.It can be seen that there are spatial heterogeneity in the community structure of microorganisms under different environmental conditions,and the response of different microorganisms to the same environmental conditions is different.
The aim of this study was to investigate the community structure,diversity and correlation with environmental factors of the archaeal and bacterial in the surface sediments of Liaohe Estuary.Using the method of constructing 16S rRNA gene library of archaea and bacteria,application Illumina Miseq sequencing technology for sequence analysis.The results showed that the diversity of bacteria in the surface sediments of Liaohe Estuary was higher than that of archaea,and the diversity of archaea and bacteria in the nearshore was higher than that in the off-lying sea,that is,the diversity of the low salt area(0.8-7.04)was higher than that of middle salt area(13.1-20.7)and high salt area(24.2-31.5).The main archaea communities were Thaumarchaeota(72.73%)and Euryarchaeota(25.05%),while Crenarchaeota(0.001%)was found only in the low salt area.Proteobacteria(61.94%) was the dominant bacteria group,followed by Bacteroidetes(11.21%)and Acidobacteria(5.59%),other phyla,such as Cyanobacteria(3.03%) accounted for less.The redundancy(RDA)analysis between samples and environmental factors shows that:the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of archaeal community in surface sediments are as follows:NH_4~+> Silt> pH> Salinity> Cond> Sand,bacterial community distribution is mainly affected by DO>Silt>Sand> Clay> TP.It can be seen that there are spatial heterogeneity in the community structure of microorganisms under different environmental conditions,and the response of different microorganisms to the same environmental conditions is different.
引文
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[2]阚金军,孙军.河口细菌群落多样性及其控制因素:以切萨皮克湾为例[J].生物多样性,2011,19(6):770-778.Kan Jinjun,Sun Jun.Bacterial community biodiversity in estuaries and its controlling factors:a case study in Chesapeake Bay[J].Biodiversity Science,2011,19(6):770-778.
[3]苏静,杨福霞,苏荣国,等.辽河口营养物基准值的制定方法[J].中国海洋大学学报,2016,46(9):78-84.Su Jing,Yang Fuxia,Su Rongguo,et al.Approach of nutrient criteria establishment and application in the Liaohe estuary[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2016,46(9):78-84.
[4]Thajudeen J,Yousuf J,Veetil V P,et al.Nitrogen fixing bacterial diversity in a tropical estuarine sediments[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2017,33(2):41.
[5]Golebiewski M,Calkiewicz J,Creer S,et al.Tideless estuaries in brackish seas as possible freshwater-marine transition zones for bacteria:the case study of the Vistula river estuary[J].Environmental Microbiology Reports,2017,9(2):129-143.
[6]Obi C C,Adebusoye S A,Ugoji E O,et al.Microbial communities in sediments of Lagos lagoon,Nigeria:elucidation of community structure and potential impacts of contamination by municipal and industrial wastes[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:1213.
[7]邢贝贝.莱州湾及烟台典型河口微生物多样性与群落结构研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2013.Xing Beibei.Diversity and community structure of microbes in estuaries of Laizhou Bay and Yantai City[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2013.
[8]洪璇,洪有为,陈仲巍,等.九龙江河口区nirS型反硝化细菌多样性及系统发育学分析[J].微生物学通报,2015,42(9):1639-1650.Hong Xuan,Hong Youwei,Chen Zhongwei,et al.Phylogenetic diversity of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria in Jiulong River estuary[J].Microbiology China,2015,42(9):1639-1650.
[9]陈金全,王风平.珠江口海岸带沉积物甲烷相关古菌群落结构及多样性研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,35(2):240-245.Chen Jinquan,Wang Fengping.The community structure and diversity of methanogen-related organisms in Pearl River Estuary sediment[J].Journal of Yunnan University,2013,35(2):240-245.
[10]Wei Guangshan,Li Mingcong,Li Fenge,et al.Distinct distribution patterns of prokaryotes between sediment and water in the Yellow River estuary[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2016,100(22):9683-9697.
[11]刘吉文.典型海域微生物群落结构及其生物地球化学意义[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2014.Liu Jiwen.Studies on microbial community structure in typical sea areas and their biogeochemical implications[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2014.
[12]Zhang Yan,Chen Lujun,Sun Renhua,et al.Population and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in a pollutants’receiving area in Hangzhou Bay[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2016,100(13):6035-6045.
[13]Swan B K,Ehrhardt C J,Reifel K M,et al.Archaeal and bacterial communities respond differently to environmental gradients in anoxic sediments of a California hypersaline lake,the Salton Sea[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,76(3):757-768.
[14]杨浩,张国珍,杨晓妮,等.16SrRNA高通量测序研究集雨窖水中微生物群落结构及多样性[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1704-1716.Yang Hao,Zhang Guozhen,Yang Xiaoni,et al.Microbial community structure and diversity in cellar water by 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(4):1704-1716.
[15]Rugh9ft S,Herrmann M,Lazar C S,et al.Community composition and abundance of bacterial,archaeal and nitrifying populations in savanna soils on contrasting bedrock material in Kruger National Park,South Africa[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:1638.
[16]Du Weili,Huang Qiang,Miao Lili,et al.Association of running manner with bacterial community dynamics in a partial short-term nitrifying bioreactor for treatment of piggery wastewater with high ammonia content[J].AMB Express,2016,6:76.
[17]Korlevic M,upraha L,Ljube2ic Z,et al.Bacterial diversity across a highly stratified ecosystem:a salt-wedge Mediterranean estuary[J].Systematic and Applied Microbiology,2016,39(6):398-408.
[18]常永凯.辽河口沉积物中氨氧化微生物多样性和硝化作用研究[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2016.Chang Yongkai.Diversity of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms and nitrification in Liaohe Estuary sediments[D].Dalian:Dalian Ocean University,2016.
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[20]Webster G,O’Sullivan L A,Meng Yiyu,et al.Archaeal community diversity and abundance changes along a natural salinity gradient in estuarine sediments[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2015,91(2):1-18.
[21]Yang Yuyin,Dai Yu,Wu Zhen,et al.Temporal and spatial dynamics of archaeal communities in two freshwater lakes at different trophic status[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:451.
[22]赵吉,李靖宇,周玉,等.甲烷氧化与氨氧化微生物及其耦合功能[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(6):651-659.Zhao Ji,Li Jingyu,Zhou Yu,et al.Methane-and ammonia-oxidation microorganisms and their coupling functions[J].Advances in Earth Science,2012,27(6):651-659.
[23]高利海,林炜铁.南美白对虾养殖底泥中氨氧化细菌与氨氧化古菌多态性分析[J].微生物学报,2011,51(1):75-82.Gao Lihai,Lin Weitie.Diversity ofβ-Proteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea in shrimp farm sediment[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2011,51(1):75-82.
[24]罗剑飞,林炜铁.氨氧化古菌研究进展[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2013,41(12):107-114.Luo Jianfei,Lin Weitie.Research progress of ammonia-oxidizing archaea[J].Journal of South China University of Technology:Natural Science Edition,2013,41(12):107-114.
[25]Yang Yuyin,Dai Yu,Wu Zhen,et al.Temporal and spatial dynamics of archaeal communities in two freshwater lakes at different trophic status[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:451.
[26]Sun Yajun,Wang Tieyu,Peng Xiawei,et al.Bacterial community compositions in sediment polluted by perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)using Illumina high-throughput sequencing[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(11):10556-10565.
[27]Wang Liping,Liu Lusan,Zheng Binghui,et al.Analysis of the bacterial community in the two typical intertidal sediments of Bohai Bay,China by pyrosequencing[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2013,72(1):181-187.
[28]Alfreider A,Schirmer M,Vogt C.Diversity and expression of different forms of RubisCO genes in polluted groundwater under different redox conditions[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2012,79(3):649-660.
[39]R9ske K,Sachse R,Scheerer C,et al.Microbial diversity and composition of the sediment in the drinking water reservoir Saidenbach(Saxonia,Germany)[J].Systematic and Applied Microbiology,2011,35(1):35-44.
[30]曾永辉.典型海洋环境中浮游细菌多样性及环境适应机制的研究[D].厦门:厦门大学,2008.Zeng Yonghui.Microbial diversity and environmental adaptation mechanisms in typical marine environments[D].Xiamen:Xiamen University,2008.
[31]Scanlan D.Cyanobacteria:ecology,niche adaptation and genomics[J].Microbiol Today,2000,28.
[32]冯晓异,黄建新,乔海明.十红滩铀矿床中微生物种类多样性及生态分布规律的研究[J].矿物学报,2008,28(3):276-284.Feng Xiaoyi,Huang Jianxin,Qiao Haiming.Study on microbial diversity and ecological distribution in the Shihongtan sandstone-type uranium deposit[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2008,28(3):276-284.
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