方位远探测声波测井仪接收声系实验研究
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摘要
方位远探测声波测井仪接收声系中各通道接收换能器及相应采集电路的综合一致性极大地影响处理结果的精确度,必须测试并进行必要的校正。在实验室构建了接收声系测试系统,使用主频10 k Hz的单极子声源辐射声场,测量了阵列化声系中每个换能器单独正对单极声源时所有通道的采集波形,分析了波形的时域和频域特征,对声系站内、站间的各通道综合一致性进行了评价并给出接收通道一致性不好时的校正公式;对比了相控接收子阵与单个阵元的接收特性。实验结果表明,该声系各通道综合一致性较好,不需要校正;软件相控处理后,接收阵的能量比单个阵元强、指向性更好,有利于提高有用信号的信噪比和空间的探测分辨率。
The comprehensive consistencies of the receiving transducers in all channels and their corresponding acquisition circuits in the receiver sonde of azimuthal remote acoustic reflection imaging logging tool can greatly affect the accuracy of processing result.So evaluation of comprehensive consistencies must be done and correction is needed when necessary.The testing system of receiver sonde was established in laboratory,and the monopole source with the dominant frequency of 10 k Hz was used to radiate the acoustic field.The receiving waveforms of all channels were tested in the array of the sonde when each transducer was directly facing the monopole source alone,and characteristic of the waveform in time domain and frequency domain was analyzed.We evaluated the comprehensive consistencies of all channels in and among the stations of the sonde and gave the correction formula for the receiving channels with bad consistency.Besides,we compared the receiving characteristics of the phased receiving subarray and single element.The experimental result showed that the comprehensive consistencies of all channels were satisfactory,so corrections were not needed.The energy and directivity of the subarray were better than single element after the phased processing,which would help improve the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and the resolution of detection space.
The comprehensive consistencies of the receiving transducers in all channels and their corresponding acquisition circuits in the receiver sonde of azimuthal remote acoustic reflection imaging logging tool can greatly affect the accuracy of processing result.So evaluation of comprehensive consistencies must be done and correction is needed when necessary.The testing system of receiver sonde was established in laboratory,and the monopole source with the dominant frequency of 10 k Hz was used to radiate the acoustic field.The receiving waveforms of all channels were tested in the array of the sonde when each transducer was directly facing the monopole source alone,and characteristic of the waveform in time domain and frequency domain was analyzed.We evaluated the comprehensive consistencies of all channels in and among the stations of the sonde and gave the correction formula for the receiving channels with bad consistency.Besides,we compared the receiving characteristics of the phased receiving subarray and single element.The experimental result showed that the comprehensive consistencies of all channels were satisfactory,so corrections were not needed.The energy and directivity of the subarray were better than single element after the phased processing,which would help improve the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and the resolution of detection space.
引文
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[2]唐晓明,魏周拓.利用井中偶极声源远场辐射特性的远探测测井[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(8):2798–2807.TANG Xiaoming,WEI Zhoutuo.Single-well acoustic reflection imaging using far-field radiation characteristics of borehole dipole source[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2012,55(8):2798–2807.
[3]乔文孝,鞠晓东,车小花.可用于声波测井的相控圆弧阵声波辐射器[J].测井技术,2009,33(1):22–25.QIAO Wenxiao,JU Xiaodong,CHE Xiaohua.A kind of acoustic logging with phased arc array transducer[J].Well Logging Technology,2009,33(1):22–25.
[4]车小花,乔文孝,鞠晓东.相控圆弧阵声波辐射器在井旁地层中产生的声场特征[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):343–346.CHE Xiaohua,QIAO Wenxiao,JU Xiaodong.Characteristics of acoustic field generated by acoustic phased arc array transmitter in the borehole formation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):343–346.
[5]鞠晓东,乔文孝,赵宏林,等.新一代声波测井仪系统设计[J].测井技术,2012,36(5):507–510.JU Xiaodong,QIAO Wenxiao,ZHAO Honglin,et al.System design of a new acoustic logging tool[J].Well Logging Technology,2012,36(5):507–510.
[6]吴金平,乔文孝,车小花.声波测井高灵敏度宽带接收器研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,(6):54–60.WU Jinping,QIAO Wenxiao,CHE Xiaohua.Research on high-sensitivity and wide-band receiver used in acoustic well logging[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Natural Science,2014,(6):54–60.
[7]吴金平,乔文孝,车小花,等.声波测井压电振子温度性能一致性实验研究[J].测井技术,2012,36(2):109–113.WU Jinping,QIAO Wenxiao,CHE Xiaohua,et al.Experimental investigation on temperature performance consistency of piezoelectric benders used in acoustic well logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2012,36(2):109–113.
[8]车小花,乔文孝.等效相控接收阵及其在声波测井波形处理中的应用[J].测井技术,2003,27(1):23–26.CHE Xiaohua,QIAO Wenxiao.The equivalent phased receiver array and its application in processing of acoustic logging waveforms[J].Well Logging Technology,2003,27(1):23–26.
[9]曹雪砷,车小花,乔文孝,等.声波测井相控圆弧接收阵的指向性测量[C].融合与创新:新世纪物理声学的发展——二零一二年度全国物理声学会议论文集,2012.