页岩储层微裂缝发育程度预测方法
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摘要
微裂缝发育程度直接影响页岩储层孔渗性,准确预测微裂缝发育程度对页岩气勘探开发具有重要意义,本文建立了一种页岩储层微裂缝发育程度预测方法。在电镜观测及高压压汞实验基础上,分析了页岩微裂缝基本特征,提出了微裂缝发育量化指标。分析了页岩矿物组分及有机质含量对微裂缝发育的控制作用,建立了页岩微裂缝发育程度预测模型,对川南龙马溪组页岩微裂缝发育程度进行了预测,预测微裂缝孔体积平均值为0. 000 543 m L/g,黏土矿物对微裂缝孔体积贡献最大,占比达到70%,有机质次之,占比为24%,脆性矿物贡献最少,占比为6%。分析了微裂缝预测结果与页岩储层孔渗性之间的关系,验证了预测方法的可靠性。
The degree of micro-fracture development directly affects the porosity and permeability of shale reservoir. It is important for shale gas exploration and development to accurately predict the degree of micro-fracture development. At present,the research on the degree of shale micro-fracture development is not in-depth. A prediction method of shale reservoir micro-fracture development is established. On the basis of electron microscopy observation and high pressure mercury pressure experiment,the basic characteristics of shale micro-fracture are analyzed,and the concept of micro-fracture pore volume is proposed as a quantitative index of micro-fracture development. The control effect of shale mineral composition and organic matter content on the development of micro-cracks is studied. A prediction model for the development degree of micro-cracks in shale is established. The development degree of micro-cracks in Longmaxi Formation of South Sichuan is predicted. The average volume of micro-cracks is predicted to be 0. 000 543 m L/g. The contribution of clay minerals to the volume of micro-cracks is the largest,accounting for 70%,followed by organic matter,accounting for 24%. Brittle minerals contributed the least,accounting for 6%. The relationship between micro-fracture prediction results and pore permeability of shale reservoir is analyzed,and the reliability of the prediction method is verified.
The degree of micro-fracture development directly affects the porosity and permeability of shale reservoir. It is important for shale gas exploration and development to accurately predict the degree of micro-fracture development. At present,the research on the degree of shale micro-fracture development is not in-depth. A prediction method of shale reservoir micro-fracture development is established. On the basis of electron microscopy observation and high pressure mercury pressure experiment,the basic characteristics of shale micro-fracture are analyzed,and the concept of micro-fracture pore volume is proposed as a quantitative index of micro-fracture development. The control effect of shale mineral composition and organic matter content on the development of micro-cracks is studied. A prediction model for the development degree of micro-cracks in shale is established. The development degree of micro-cracks in Longmaxi Formation of South Sichuan is predicted. The average volume of micro-cracks is predicted to be 0. 000 543 m L/g. The contribution of clay minerals to the volume of micro-cracks is the largest,accounting for 70%,followed by organic matter,accounting for 24%. Brittle minerals contributed the least,accounting for 6%. The relationship between micro-fracture prediction results and pore permeability of shale reservoir is analyzed,and the reliability of the prediction method is verified.
引文
1 Curtis J B. Fractured shale-gas systems[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1921-1938
2 张金川,聂海宽,徐波,等.四川盆地页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):151-156Zhang Jinchuan,Nie Haikuan,Xu Bo,et al. Geological condition of shale gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):151-156
3 Jian Z,Zeng Y,Jiang T,et al. Laboratory scale research on the impact of stress shadow and natural fractures on fracture geometry during horizontal multi-staged fracturing in shale[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2018,107:282-287
4 Curtis M E,Sondergeld C H,Ambrose R J,et al. Microstructural investigation of gas shales in two and three dimensions using nanometerscale resolution imaging[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(4):665-677
5 丁文龙,许长春,久凯,等.泥页岩裂缝研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(2):135-144Ding Wenlong,Xun Changchun,Jiu Kai,et al. The research progress of shale fractures[J]. Advances in Earth Sciences,2011,26(2):135-144
6 Gale J F W,Reed R M,Holder J. Natural fractures in the Barnett Shale and their importance for hydraulic fracture treatments[J].AAPG bulletin,2007,91(4):603-622
7 Curtis M E,Ambrose R J,Sondergeld C H. Structural characterization of gas shales on the micro-and nano-scales[C]//Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference.Beljinghao:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2010:SPE137693
8 王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,等.渝东南—黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝发育特征与主控因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(7):832-845Wang Ruyue,Ding Wenlong,Gong Dajian,et al. Development characteristics and major controlling factors of shale fractures in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation, southeastern Chongqing-northern Guizhou area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(7):832-845
9 郭旭升,胡东风,魏祥峰,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩裂缝发育主控因素及对产能的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(6):799-808Guo Xusheng,Hu Dongfeng,Wei Xiangfeng,et al. Main controlling factors on shale fractures and their influences on production capacity in Jiaoshiba area,the Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(6):799-808
10 王超,石万忠,张晓明,等.页岩储层裂缝系统综合评价及其对页岩气渗流和聚集的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(1):50-56Wang Chao,Shi Wanzhong,Zhang Xiaoming,et al. Comprehensive evaluation of fracture system in shale reservoir and its influence on shale gas seepage and accumulation[J]. Petroleum Geology&Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(1):50-56
11 杨春梅,白永强,朱伦葳,等.龙马溪组页岩微裂缝发育与含气量的关系研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(20):108-113Yang Chunmei,Bai Yongqiang,Zhu Lunwei,et al. The study of the relationship between development shale micro-feature and its gas production in Longmaxi formation[J]. Science Technology&Engineering,2016,16(20):108-113
12 汪吉林,朱炎铭,宫云鹏,等.重庆南川地区龙马溪组页岩微裂缝发育影响因素及程度预测[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(8):1579-1586Wang Jilin,Zhu Yanming,Gong Yunpeng,et al. Influential factors and forecast of microcrack development degree of Longmaxi formation shales in Nanchuan region,Chongqing[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(8):1579-1586
13 Sakhaee-Pour A,Bryant S L. Pore structure of shale[J]. Fuel,2015,143:467-475
14 田华,张水昌,柳少波,等.压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):419-427Tian Hua,Zhang Shuichang,Liu Shaobo,et al. Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):419-427
15 Clarkson C R,Solano N R,Bustin R M,et al. Pore structure characterization of North American shale gas reservoirs using USANS/SANS,gas adsorption,and mercury intrusion[J]. Fuel,2013,103(1):606-616
16 孙文峰.页岩储层多尺度结构特征及表征方法研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2017Sun Wenfeng. Study on multi-scale structural features and characterization method of shale reservoirs[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2017
17 丁文龙,李超,李春燕,等.页岩裂缝发育主控因素及其对含气性的影响[J].地学前缘,2012,19(2):212-220Ding Wenlong,Li Chao,Li Chunyan,et al. Dominant factor of fracture development in shale and its relationship to gas accumulation[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(2):212-220
18 Zang P D A,Stephansson O. Measuring crustal stress:Core-based methods[C]//Stress Field of the Earth's Crust. Netherlands:Springer,2010:165-191
19 Ougier-Simonin A,Renard F,Boehm C,et al. Microfracturing and microporosity in shales[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2016,162:198-226
20 Pluymakers A,Kobchenko M,Renard F. How microfracture roughness can be used to distinguish between exhumed cracks and in-situ flow paths in shales[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2017,94:87-97
21 Tedesco S A. Reservoir characteristics of Carboniferous age coals and shale in the Cherokee Basin Mid-Continent US results of 20years of production[M]. Texas:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2012
2 张金川,聂海宽,徐波,等.四川盆地页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):151-156Zhang Jinchuan,Nie Haikuan,Xu Bo,et al. Geological condition of shale gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):151-156
3 Jian Z,Zeng Y,Jiang T,et al. Laboratory scale research on the impact of stress shadow and natural fractures on fracture geometry during horizontal multi-staged fracturing in shale[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2018,107:282-287
4 Curtis M E,Sondergeld C H,Ambrose R J,et al. Microstructural investigation of gas shales in two and three dimensions using nanometerscale resolution imaging[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(4):665-677
5 丁文龙,许长春,久凯,等.泥页岩裂缝研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(2):135-144Ding Wenlong,Xun Changchun,Jiu Kai,et al. The research progress of shale fractures[J]. Advances in Earth Sciences,2011,26(2):135-144
6 Gale J F W,Reed R M,Holder J. Natural fractures in the Barnett Shale and their importance for hydraulic fracture treatments[J].AAPG bulletin,2007,91(4):603-622
7 Curtis M E,Ambrose R J,Sondergeld C H. Structural characterization of gas shales on the micro-and nano-scales[C]//Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference.Beljinghao:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2010:SPE137693
8 王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,等.渝东南—黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝发育特征与主控因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(7):832-845Wang Ruyue,Ding Wenlong,Gong Dajian,et al. Development characteristics and major controlling factors of shale fractures in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation, southeastern Chongqing-northern Guizhou area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(7):832-845
9 郭旭升,胡东风,魏祥峰,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩裂缝发育主控因素及对产能的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(6):799-808Guo Xusheng,Hu Dongfeng,Wei Xiangfeng,et al. Main controlling factors on shale fractures and their influences on production capacity in Jiaoshiba area,the Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(6):799-808
10 王超,石万忠,张晓明,等.页岩储层裂缝系统综合评价及其对页岩气渗流和聚集的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(1):50-56Wang Chao,Shi Wanzhong,Zhang Xiaoming,et al. Comprehensive evaluation of fracture system in shale reservoir and its influence on shale gas seepage and accumulation[J]. Petroleum Geology&Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(1):50-56
11 杨春梅,白永强,朱伦葳,等.龙马溪组页岩微裂缝发育与含气量的关系研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(20):108-113Yang Chunmei,Bai Yongqiang,Zhu Lunwei,et al. The study of the relationship between development shale micro-feature and its gas production in Longmaxi formation[J]. Science Technology&Engineering,2016,16(20):108-113
12 汪吉林,朱炎铭,宫云鹏,等.重庆南川地区龙马溪组页岩微裂缝发育影响因素及程度预测[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(8):1579-1586Wang Jilin,Zhu Yanming,Gong Yunpeng,et al. Influential factors and forecast of microcrack development degree of Longmaxi formation shales in Nanchuan region,Chongqing[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(8):1579-1586
13 Sakhaee-Pour A,Bryant S L. Pore structure of shale[J]. Fuel,2015,143:467-475
14 田华,张水昌,柳少波,等.压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):419-427Tian Hua,Zhang Shuichang,Liu Shaobo,et al. Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):419-427
15 Clarkson C R,Solano N R,Bustin R M,et al. Pore structure characterization of North American shale gas reservoirs using USANS/SANS,gas adsorption,and mercury intrusion[J]. Fuel,2013,103(1):606-616
16 孙文峰.页岩储层多尺度结构特征及表征方法研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2017Sun Wenfeng. Study on multi-scale structural features and characterization method of shale reservoirs[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2017
17 丁文龙,李超,李春燕,等.页岩裂缝发育主控因素及其对含气性的影响[J].地学前缘,2012,19(2):212-220Ding Wenlong,Li Chao,Li Chunyan,et al. Dominant factor of fracture development in shale and its relationship to gas accumulation[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(2):212-220
18 Zang P D A,Stephansson O. Measuring crustal stress:Core-based methods[C]//Stress Field of the Earth's Crust. Netherlands:Springer,2010:165-191
19 Ougier-Simonin A,Renard F,Boehm C,et al. Microfracturing and microporosity in shales[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2016,162:198-226
20 Pluymakers A,Kobchenko M,Renard F. How microfracture roughness can be used to distinguish between exhumed cracks and in-situ flow paths in shales[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2017,94:87-97
21 Tedesco S A. Reservoir characteristics of Carboniferous age coals and shale in the Cherokee Basin Mid-Continent US results of 20years of production[M]. Texas:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2012