准噶尔盆地中新生代砂岩型铀矿地层沉积特征与产铀远景预测
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摘要
分析准噶尔盆地周缘中新生代的地层结构、含铀"泥-砂-泥"结构、含铀沉积类型及展布特征,认为垂向上叠置的湖退进积-湖进退积组合所形成的"泥-砂-泥"结构为大尺度上定位砂岩型铀成矿的有利地层结构,其中低位体系域(湖进退积)形成的辫状河-辫状河三角洲沉积是盆地砂岩型铀矿最为有利的沉积相带。主物源、转换带以及相带的变化进一步控制了砂岩型铀成矿的有利区分布:(1)原生灰色(还原)沉积地层中有利砂体分布往往受到主物源以及构造转换带的影响,主物源方向的河道砂体及构造转换带处的富砂区域是砂岩型铀矿主要的远景区域;(2)杂色沉积地层中的有利砂体分布主要受局部沉积环境变化的影响,有利砂体多发育在局部沉积相带突变(砂岩层有机质含量增加)的区域。
Through the analysis of stratigraphic structure,uranium hosting mud-sand-mud assemblage,uranium hosting sedimentary type and distribution in the Meso-Cenozoic around the Junggar Basin,the authors suggest that the vertical superimposition of the lacustrine regressive progradation and transgressive retrogradation produce favorable large sale mud-sand-mud assemblage,of which the low stand system tract(transgressive retrogradation)braided river and braided river delta are the most favorable sedimentary facies zones for sand-type uranium mineralization.Main provenance,transfer zone and facies belt variations further control favourable area distribution of sandstone-type uranium deposit:(1)the favorable sand body distribution in primary grey(reduction) strata is affected by main provenance and transfer zone,channel sand body in the main provenance direction and sand-rich area in transfer zone are the main prospects of sandstone-type uranium deposit;(2)the favorable sand body distribution in variegated strata is affected by local sedimentary environment change,the favorable sand body is developed in the area where the sedimentary facies belt changes(organic matter content increases in sand body).
Through the analysis of stratigraphic structure,uranium hosting mud-sand-mud assemblage,uranium hosting sedimentary type and distribution in the Meso-Cenozoic around the Junggar Basin,the authors suggest that the vertical superimposition of the lacustrine regressive progradation and transgressive retrogradation produce favorable large sale mud-sand-mud assemblage,of which the low stand system tract(transgressive retrogradation)braided river and braided river delta are the most favorable sedimentary facies zones for sand-type uranium mineralization.Main provenance,transfer zone and facies belt variations further control favourable area distribution of sandstone-type uranium deposit:(1)the favorable sand body distribution in primary grey(reduction) strata is affected by main provenance and transfer zone,channel sand body in the main provenance direction and sand-rich area in transfer zone are the main prospects of sandstone-type uranium deposit;(2)the favorable sand body distribution in variegated strata is affected by local sedimentary environment change,the favorable sand body is developed in the area where the sedimentary facies belt changes(organic matter content increases in sand body).
引文
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[7]商琳,戴俊生,刘旭,等.准噶尔盆地北三台地区侏罗系头屯河组沉积物源分析[J].世界地质,2011:30(4):579-584.SHANG Lin,DAI Jun-sheng,LIU Xu,et al.Sedimentary source analysis of Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Beisantai area in Junggar Basin[J].Global Geology,2011:30(4):579-584.
[8]鲁克改.东准噶尔大井地区中下侏罗统沉积特征及砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析[J].新疆地质,2002:20(2):118-121.LU Ke-gai.Sedimentary features of the Lower-Middle Jurassic and conditions of sandstone-type uranium mineralization in East Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2002:20(2):118-121.
[9]姜勇彪,刘帅,巫建华,等.新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘吐谷鲁群沉积体系分析[J].铀矿地质,2008:24(1):17-23.JIANG Yong-biao,LIU Shuai,WU Jiang-hua,et al.Depositional system analysis of Tugulu Group in the northwestern Junggar Basin of Xinjiang[J].Uranium Geology,2008:24(1):17-23.
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[11]师志龙.准噶尔盆地北部古近系挤压推覆构造与沉积耦合分析[J].新疆地质,2002:20(2):116-117.SHI Zhi-long.Compressional and thrust structures of the Early Paleogene and their coupling sedimentary processes in the northern Junggar Basin of Xinjiang[J]Xinjiang Geology,2002:20(2):116-117.
[12]叶捷,吴文裕,孟津.新疆乌伦古河地区第三系简介[J].地层学杂志,2001:25(3):193-200.YE Jie,WU Wen-yu,MENG Jin.Tertiary stratigraphy in the Ulungur River area of the northern Junggar Basin of Xinjiang[J].Journal of Stratigraphic,2001:25(3):193-200.
[13]王果.准噶尔盆地北部顶山地区乌伦古河组W--1旋回岩石-地球化学特征[J].新疆地质,2003:21(4):415-418.WANG Guo.Characteristic of rock geocemistry for W--1cycle in the Ulungur River Formation at Dingshan area in North Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2003:21(4):415-418.
[14]朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008:29(2):244-251.ZHU Xiao-min,ZHANG Yi-na,YANG Jun-sheng,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,the Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008:29(2):244-251.
[15]鲍志东,刘凌,张冬玲,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系沉积体系纲要[J].沉积学报,2005:23(2):194-202.BAO Zhi-dong,LU Ling,ZHANG Dong-ling,et al.Depositional system frameworks of the Jurassic in Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005:23(2):194-202.
[16]王英民,刘豪,李立诚,等.准噶尔大型坳陷湖盆坡折带的类型和分布特征[J].地球科学,2002:27(6):683-687.WANG Ying-min,LIU Hao,LI Li-cheng,et al.Types and distribution characteristics of slope breaks of largetype down-warped lake basins[J].Earth Science,2002:27(6):683-687.
[17]匡立春,雷德文,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗—白垩系沉积特征和岩性地层油气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013:30-36.KUANG Li-chun,LEI De-wen,TANG Yong,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and lithologic stratigraphic oil and Jurassic Cretaceous gas reservoirs in Junggar Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:30-36.
[18]臧春艳,单玄龙,李剑,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘中生代油砂分布特征及开发前景[J].世界地质,2006:25(1):49-53.ZANG Chun-yan,SHAN Xuan-long,LI Jian,et al.Distribution characteristics and developmental prospects of Mesozoic oil sands resources in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Global Geology,2006:25(1):49-53.
(1)鲁克改,逄玮,朱成刚,等.新疆准噶尔盆地地浸砂岩型铀资源调查评价[R].新疆:核工业二一六大队,2005.
(2)李子颖,张金带,秦明宽,等.中国铀矿成矿模式[R].北京:中国核工业地质局核工业北京地质研究院,2014.
(3)陈祖伊,陈戴生,古抗衡,等.中国铀矿床研究评价-砂岩型铀矿床(上、下册)[R].北京:中国核工业地质局核工业北京地质研究院,2013.
(1)王果,师志龙,冯世荣,等.新疆福海县顶山地区铀矿评价[R].新疆:核工业二一六大队,2002.
(1)王果,鲁克改,谭鸿赞,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗—第三纪地层后生蚀变和油气还原与找矿远景区选择研究[R].新疆:核工业二一六大队,2005.
[2]何登发,张义杰,王绪龙,等.准噶尔盆地大油气田的勘探方向[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(2):117-121.HE Deng-fa,ZHANG Yi-jie,WANG Xu-long,et al.Plays for giant oil field prospecting in Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(2):117-121.
[3]郭召杰,陈正乐,舒良树,等.中国西部中亚型造山带中新生代陆内造山过程与砂岩型铀矿成矿作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:40-50.GUO Zhao-jie,CHEN Zheng-le,SHU Liang-shu,et al.Meso--Cenozoic orogenic processes and sandstone type uranium mineralization in Central Asian orogenic belts in western China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2006:40-50.
[4]王果.新疆造山-造盆作用与砂岩型铀成矿[J].新疆地质,2002:20(2):110-114.WANG Guo.Mountain-basin formation and sandstonetype uranium mineralization in Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,2002:20(2):110-114.
[5]李卫红.天山造山带中新生代盆地改造与砂岩型铀矿成矿[J].西北铀矿地质,2004:30(2):41-47.LI Wei-hong.Reformation of Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins and mineralization of sandstone type uranium deposits in Tianshan orogenic belt[J].Northwest Uranium Geology,2004:30(2):41-47.
[6]李丕龙,冯建辉,陆永潮,等.准噶尔盆地构造沉积与成藏[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:90-98.LI Pi-long,FENG Jian-hui,LU Yong-chao,et al.Tectonic deposition and accumulation in Junggar Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:90-98.
[7]商琳,戴俊生,刘旭,等.准噶尔盆地北三台地区侏罗系头屯河组沉积物源分析[J].世界地质,2011:30(4):579-584.SHANG Lin,DAI Jun-sheng,LIU Xu,et al.Sedimentary source analysis of Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Beisantai area in Junggar Basin[J].Global Geology,2011:30(4):579-584.
[8]鲁克改.东准噶尔大井地区中下侏罗统沉积特征及砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析[J].新疆地质,2002:20(2):118-121.LU Ke-gai.Sedimentary features of the Lower-Middle Jurassic and conditions of sandstone-type uranium mineralization in East Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2002:20(2):118-121.
[9]姜勇彪,刘帅,巫建华,等.新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘吐谷鲁群沉积体系分析[J].铀矿地质,2008:24(1):17-23.JIANG Yong-biao,LIU Shuai,WU Jiang-hua,et al.Depositional system analysis of Tugulu Group in the northwestern Junggar Basin of Xinjiang[J].Uranium Geology,2008:24(1):17-23.
[10]谷云飞,马明福,苏世龙,等.准噶尔盆地白垩系岩相古地理[J].石油实验地质,2003:25(4):337-343.GU Yun-fei,MA Ming-fu,SU Shi-long,et al.Lithofacies paleography of the Cretaceous in the Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2003:25(4):337-343.
[11]师志龙.准噶尔盆地北部古近系挤压推覆构造与沉积耦合分析[J].新疆地质,2002:20(2):116-117.SHI Zhi-long.Compressional and thrust structures of the Early Paleogene and their coupling sedimentary processes in the northern Junggar Basin of Xinjiang[J]Xinjiang Geology,2002:20(2):116-117.
[12]叶捷,吴文裕,孟津.新疆乌伦古河地区第三系简介[J].地层学杂志,2001:25(3):193-200.YE Jie,WU Wen-yu,MENG Jin.Tertiary stratigraphy in the Ulungur River area of the northern Junggar Basin of Xinjiang[J].Journal of Stratigraphic,2001:25(3):193-200.
[13]王果.准噶尔盆地北部顶山地区乌伦古河组W--1旋回岩石-地球化学特征[J].新疆地质,2003:21(4):415-418.WANG Guo.Characteristic of rock geocemistry for W--1cycle in the Ulungur River Formation at Dingshan area in North Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2003:21(4):415-418.
[14]朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008:29(2):244-251.ZHU Xiao-min,ZHANG Yi-na,YANG Jun-sheng,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,the Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008:29(2):244-251.
[15]鲍志东,刘凌,张冬玲,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系沉积体系纲要[J].沉积学报,2005:23(2):194-202.BAO Zhi-dong,LU Ling,ZHANG Dong-ling,et al.Depositional system frameworks of the Jurassic in Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005:23(2):194-202.
[16]王英民,刘豪,李立诚,等.准噶尔大型坳陷湖盆坡折带的类型和分布特征[J].地球科学,2002:27(6):683-687.WANG Ying-min,LIU Hao,LI Li-cheng,et al.Types and distribution characteristics of slope breaks of largetype down-warped lake basins[J].Earth Science,2002:27(6):683-687.
[17]匡立春,雷德文,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗—白垩系沉积特征和岩性地层油气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013:30-36.KUANG Li-chun,LEI De-wen,TANG Yong,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and lithologic stratigraphic oil and Jurassic Cretaceous gas reservoirs in Junggar Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:30-36.
[18]臧春艳,单玄龙,李剑,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘中生代油砂分布特征及开发前景[J].世界地质,2006:25(1):49-53.ZANG Chun-yan,SHAN Xuan-long,LI Jian,et al.Distribution characteristics and developmental prospects of Mesozoic oil sands resources in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Global Geology,2006:25(1):49-53.
(1)鲁克改,逄玮,朱成刚,等.新疆准噶尔盆地地浸砂岩型铀资源调查评价[R].新疆:核工业二一六大队,2005.
(2)李子颖,张金带,秦明宽,等.中国铀矿成矿模式[R].北京:中国核工业地质局核工业北京地质研究院,2014.
(3)陈祖伊,陈戴生,古抗衡,等.中国铀矿床研究评价-砂岩型铀矿床(上、下册)[R].北京:中国核工业地质局核工业北京地质研究院,2013.
(1)王果,师志龙,冯世荣,等.新疆福海县顶山地区铀矿评价[R].新疆:核工业二一六大队,2002.
(1)王果,鲁克改,谭鸿赞,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗—第三纪地层后生蚀变和油气还原与找矿远景区选择研究[R].新疆:核工业二一六大队,2005.