港口锚地选址海域适用性评价及优化模型
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摘要
合理的锚地选址可以保障船舶锚泊安全性,同时可以优化港口的平面布置,提高港口运营效率。总结解决锚地选址问题的现有方法,分析GIS技术在选址问题中的运用,明确锚地选址影响因素并建立综合评价指标体系,同时确定各指标权重值,通过海域适用性评价模型对所有栅格进行综合评价。基于海洋功能区划等约束条件,获得锚地选址的可行方案集,优化比选出最优方案。通过算例分析,验证本文提出的模型合理、可行,可作为锚地选址优化的一种方法。
Reasonable anchorage area location can ensure the safety of ship mooring.At the same time,it can optimize the layout of the port and improve the efficiency of port operation. This paper summarizes the current methods of solving the anchorage area location problem,and analyzes the application of GIS technology in location problems.The factors influencing anchorage area location are determined and comprehensive evaluation index system is established in this paper.The weights of each index are determined by AHP and the comprehensive score of each grid is obtained by the applicability evaluation model of sea area.Based on several constraints like marine functional zoning,a feasible scheme set of anchorage site selection is obtained and the optimal scheme is selected out by the method of optimization.Through an example analysis,it is proved that the model proposed in this paper is reasonable and feasible,and can be used as a method to optimize the anchorage area location.
Reasonable anchorage area location can ensure the safety of ship mooring.At the same time,it can optimize the layout of the port and improve the efficiency of port operation. This paper summarizes the current methods of solving the anchorage area location problem,and analyzes the application of GIS technology in location problems.The factors influencing anchorage area location are determined and comprehensive evaluation index system is established in this paper.The weights of each index are determined by AHP and the comprehensive score of each grid is obtained by the applicability evaluation model of sea area.Based on several constraints like marine functional zoning,a feasible scheme set of anchorage site selection is obtained and the optimal scheme is selected out by the method of optimization.Through an example analysis,it is proved that the model proposed in this paper is reasonable and feasible,and can be used as a method to optimize the anchorage area location.
引文
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[6]刘李霞,毕华兴,孔宪娟,等.基于改进层次分析法的GIS公共服务设施选址[J].地理与地理信息科学,2011,27(5):46-49+113.
[7]邓院昌,宁洪涛,王铁强.基于GIS的风电场宏观选址综合评价方法及应用[C]//中国可持续发展研究会.2007中国可持续发展论坛暨中国可持续发展学术年会论文集.哈尔滨:黑龙江教育出版社,2007:152-158.
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[9] AYDIN N Y, KENTEL E, DUZGUN S. GIS-based environmental assessment of wind energy systems for spatial planning:A case study from Western Turkey[J].Renewable&sustainable energy reviews,2010,14(1):364-373.
[10]杨玉祥.关于海港锚地选择及其布置问题的探讨[J].海岸工程,1991,10(1):10-16.
[11]李学东.港外锚地相对安全距离研究[J].中国港湾建设,2015,35(1):16-18+24.
[12]王飞龙,刘春姣.港口锚地面积需求分析[J].珠江水运,2014(5):78-79.
[2]周玲娟,陈家渺.渔船防台锚地选址及平面研究[J].中国水运(下半月),2017,17(6):341-342+345.
[3]陈胜铨.港口锚地合理配布和优化设计的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2007.
[4]胡云平,张常汉.层次分析法在宁波港锚地选择中的应用[J].中国航海,2005(3):15-18.
[5]于仁海.营口港锚地规划的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2011.
[6]刘李霞,毕华兴,孔宪娟,等.基于改进层次分析法的GIS公共服务设施选址[J].地理与地理信息科学,2011,27(5):46-49+113.
[7]邓院昌,宁洪涛,王铁强.基于GIS的风电场宏观选址综合评价方法及应用[C]//中国可持续发展研究会.2007中国可持续发展论坛暨中国可持续发展学术年会论文集.哈尔滨:黑龙江教育出版社,2007:152-158.
[8] YANG Y Z. Location of logistic distribution center supported by ArcGIS[J]. Applied mechanics&materials,2012,178:2633-2636.
[9] AYDIN N Y, KENTEL E, DUZGUN S. GIS-based environmental assessment of wind energy systems for spatial planning:A case study from Western Turkey[J].Renewable&sustainable energy reviews,2010,14(1):364-373.
[10]杨玉祥.关于海港锚地选择及其布置问题的探讨[J].海岸工程,1991,10(1):10-16.
[11]李学东.港外锚地相对安全距离研究[J].中国港湾建设,2015,35(1):16-18+24.
[12]王飞龙,刘春姣.港口锚地面积需求分析[J].珠江水运,2014(5):78-79.