纳米/超细晶WC-Co类硬质合金的研究进展
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摘要
制备纳米/超细晶WC-Co类硬质合金的两大关键因素是优质纳米/超细晶WC-Co复合粉末的制备和烧结过程中晶粒长大过程的控制。从纳米/超细晶WC-Co复合粉末的制备技术和纳米/超细晶硬质合金的烧结技术两方面,综合评述了近年来国内外的研究进展,并展望了纳米/超细晶硬质合金的发展前景和今后研究开发的重点。
The two key factors for the preparation of nano/ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbides are the preparation of high-quality nano/ultrafine WC-Co composite powders and the control of grain growth during sintering.The research progress at home and abroad in recent years is comprehensively reviewed on nano/ultrafine WC-Co composite powder preparation methods and nano/ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbide sintering technologies.Additionally,the development prospects and the future research focus of nano/ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbides are also discussed.
The two key factors for the preparation of nano/ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbides are the preparation of high-quality nano/ultrafine WC-Co composite powders and the control of grain growth during sintering.The research progress at home and abroad in recent years is comprehensively reviewed on nano/ultrafine WC-Co composite powder preparation methods and nano/ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbide sintering technologies.Additionally,the development prospects and the future research focus of nano/ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbides are also discussed.
引文
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[3]FANG Z Z,WANG H,KUMAR V.Coarsening,densification,and grain growth during sintering of nano-sized powders—A perspective[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,62:110-117.
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[9]LIU W B,SONG X Y,WANG K,et al.A novel rapid route for synthesizing WC-Co bulk by in situ reactions in spark plasma sintering[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2009,499(1/2):476-481.
[10]LEE G H,KANG S.Synthesis of nano-sized WC-Co powders by reduction-carburization process[J].Nanostructured Materials,2001,42(8):1 575-1 581.
[11]WANG H,ZENG M Q,LIU J W,et al.One-step synthesis of ultrafine WC-10Co hardmetals with VC/V2O5addition by plasma assisted milling[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,48(8):97-101.
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[13]KANERVA U,KARHU M,LAGERBOM J,et al.Chemical synthesis of WC-Co from water-soluble precursors:The effect of carbon and cobalt additions to WC synthesis[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2016,56:69-75.
[14]LIN H,SUN J C,LI C H,et al.A facile route to synthesize WC-Co nanocomposite powders and properties of sintered bulk[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,682:531-536.
[15]WAN L S,YANG L,ZENG X P,et al.Synthesis of Crdoped APT in the evaporation and crystallization process and its effect on properties of WC-Co cemented carbide alloy[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,64:248-254.
[16]HOSEINPUR A,KHAKI J V,MARASHI M S.Mechanochemical synthesis of tungsten carbide nano particles by using WO3/Zn/C powder mixture[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2013,48(2):399-403.
[17]SU W,SUN Y X,FENG J,et al.Influences of the preparation methods of WC-Co powders on the sintering and microstructure of coarse grained WC-8Co hardmetals[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,48(6):369-375.
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[20]GAO L,KEAR B H.Synthesis of nanophase WC powder by a displacement reaction process[J].Nanostructured Materials,1997,9(1/8):205-208.
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[22]FANG Z G,EASON J W.Study of nanostructured WCCo composites[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,1995,13(5):297-303.
[23]MA J H,DU Y H.Synthesis of nanocrystalline hexagonal tungsten carbide via co-reduction of tungsten hexachloride and sodium carbonate with metallic magnesium[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2008,448(1):215-218.
[24]HOSEINPUR A,KHAKI J V,MARASHI M S.Mechanochemical synthesis of tungsten carbide nano particles by using WO3/Zn/C powder mixture[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2013,48(2):399-403.
[25]SHAW L L,REN R M,YANG Z G.Nanostructured carbide cermet powders by high energy ball milling:US6793875B1[P].2004-09-21.
[26]WANG X L,SONG X Y,LIU X M,et al.Orientation relationship in WC-Co composite nanoparticles synthesized by in situ reactions[J].Nanotechnology,2015,26(14):145 705.
[27]宋晓艳.超细及纳米WC-Co复合粉的低成本短流程制备及应用[J].中国钨业,2010,25(3):19-23.
[28]HOLGATE M W R,SCHOBERL T,HALL S R.A novel route for the synthesis of nanocomposite tungsten carbide–cobalt using a biopolymer as a carbon source[J].Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology,2009,49(2):145-149.
[29]YANG Q M,YANG J G,YANG H L,et al.Synthesis of ultrafine WC-Co composite powders under hydrogen atmosphere with in-situ carbon via a one-step reduction-carbonization process[J].International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology,2017,14(2):12 628.
[30]YANG Q M,YANG J G,YANG H L,et al.Synthesis of ultrafine WC-10Co composite powders with carbon boat added and densification by sinter-HIP[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,62:104-109.
[31]YANG Q M,YANG J G,YANG H L,et al.Synthesis and characterization of WC-Co nanosized composite powders with in situ carbon and gas carbon sources[J].Metals and Materials International,2016,22(4):663-669.
[32]朱二涛,羊建高,邓军旺,等.不同钨源原料制备WC-Co复合粉的形貌研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2014,5(6):38-46.
[33]羊建高,吕健,朱二涛,等.连续还原碳化法制备纳米WC-Co复合粉研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2013,4(5):23-27.
[34]LIU B X,SHI A H,YANG G L,et al.Recovery of tungsten carbides for preparing ultrafine WC-Co composite powder using core-shell structured precursor synthesized by CVD[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,67:74-81.
[35]RYU T,SOHN H Y,HWANG K S,et al.Chemical vapor synthesis and characterization of nanosized WC-Co composite powder and post-treatment[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2008,47(23):9 384-9388.
[36]SOHN H Y,RYU T,HWANG K S,et al.Plasma-assisted chemical vapor synthesis of nanopowders[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,34:533-537.
[37]OLIVER C J R G,LVAREZ E A,GARCA J L.Kinetics of densification and grain growth in ultrafine WC-Co composites[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2016,59:121-131.
[38]张贺佳,陈礼清,王文广,等.超细晶WC-10Co硬质合金制备的主要影响因素[J].有色金属科学与工程,2014,5(6):47-52.
[39]MAHESHWARI P,FANG Z Z,SOHN H Y.Earlystage sintering densification and grain growth of nanosized WC-Co powders[J].International Journal of Powder Metallurgy,2007,43(2):41-47.
[40]WANG X,FANG Z Z,HONG Y S.Grain growth during the early stage of sintering of nanosized WC-Co powder[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2008,26(3):232-241.
[41]杜伟,聂洪波,吴冲浒.烧结工艺对低Co超细晶硬质合金性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2010,15(6):650-655.
[42]魏崇斌,宋晓艳,付军,等.烧结方法对WC-Co硬质合金性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2012,17(3):315-320.
[43]史晓亮,邵刚勤,段兴龙,等.VC,Cr3C2对WC-Co纳米粉烧结性能的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2004,26(6):612-615.
[44]李志希,范景莲,缪群.WC-10Co硬质合金热压工艺与晶粒抑制剂的研究[J].粉末冶金工业,2005,15(1):7-11.
[45]朱启扣,刘文彬,王铁军,等.超细WC-Co复合粉热压烧结制备亚微米硬质合金[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2012,40(3):58-62.
[46]刘雪梅,宋晓艳,刘文彬,等.热压和放电等离子烧结对硬质合金材料微观组织和性能的影响[J].电子显微学报,2009,28(1):1-5.
[47]全峰.微波烧结WC-10Co硬质合金的结构与性能研究[D].武汉理工大学,2007.
[48]娄静,易健宏,周承商.微波烧结WC-Co硬质合金致密化与晶粒生长[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(7):1976-1 983.
[49]BAO R,YI J H.Effect of sintering atmosphere on microwave prepared WC-8wt.%Co cemented carbide[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2013,41(11):315-321.
[50]GAO Y,SONG X Y,WANG H B,et al.Effect of carbon content on matching of key crystal planes in nanocrystalline cemented carbide[J].Crystengcomm,2014,16(23):4 935-4 939.
[51]郝权,何新波,曲选辉.放电等离子烧结制备超细WC-Co硬质合金[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,30(6):644-647.
[2]KONYASHIN I,KLYACHKO L I.History of cemented carbides in the Soviet Union[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,49:9-26.
[3]FANG Z Z,WANG H,KUMAR V.Coarsening,densification,and grain growth during sintering of nano-sized powders—A perspective[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,62:110-117.
[4]BROOKS K J A.Cemented carbides for engineers and tool users[M].East Barnet:International Carbide Data,Hertfordshire,UK,1983.
[5]OU X Q,XIAO D H,SHEN T T,et al.Characterization and preparation of ultra-fine grained WC-Co alloys with minor La-additions[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2012,31:266-273.
[6]RUMMAN M R,XIE Z H,HONG S J,et al.Effect of spark plasma sintering pressure on mechanical properties of WC-7.5wt%nano Co[J].Materials and Design,2015,68:221-227.
[7]LIU W B,SONG X Y,ZHANG J X,et al.Preparation of ultrafine WC-Co composite powder by in situ reduction and carbonization reactions[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2009,27:115-120.
[8]SHAW L L.Processing of nanostructured carbides,nitrides and their composites[J].Advanced Engineering Materials,2000,2(11):721-723.
[9]LIU W B,SONG X Y,WANG K,et al.A novel rapid route for synthesizing WC-Co bulk by in situ reactions in spark plasma sintering[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2009,499(1/2):476-481.
[10]LEE G H,KANG S.Synthesis of nano-sized WC-Co powders by reduction-carburization process[J].Nanostructured Materials,2001,42(8):1 575-1 581.
[11]WANG H,ZENG M Q,LIU J W,et al.One-step synthesis of ultrafine WC-10Co hardmetals with VC/V2O5addition by plasma assisted milling[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,48(8):97-101.
[12]CHEN Z,QIN M L,CHEN P Q,et al.WC-Co-Cr3C2-VC nanocomposite powders fabricated by solution combustion synthesis and carbothermal reduction[J].Ceramics International,2017,43(12):9 568-9 572.
[13]KANERVA U,KARHU M,LAGERBOM J,et al.Chemical synthesis of WC-Co from water-soluble precursors:The effect of carbon and cobalt additions to WC synthesis[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2016,56:69-75.
[14]LIN H,SUN J C,LI C H,et al.A facile route to synthesize WC-Co nanocomposite powders and properties of sintered bulk[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,682:531-536.
[15]WAN L S,YANG L,ZENG X P,et al.Synthesis of Crdoped APT in the evaporation and crystallization process and its effect on properties of WC-Co cemented carbide alloy[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,64:248-254.
[16]HOSEINPUR A,KHAKI J V,MARASHI M S.Mechanochemical synthesis of tungsten carbide nano particles by using WO3/Zn/C powder mixture[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2013,48(2):399-403.
[17]SU W,SUN Y X,FENG J,et al.Influences of the preparation methods of WC-Co powders on the sintering and microstructure of coarse grained WC-8Co hardmetals[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,48(6):369-375.
[18]EL-ESKANDARANY M S,AHMED H A,AMER A H,et al.Synthesis and characterizations of ball-milled nanocrystalline WC and nanocomposite WC-Co powders and subsequent consolidations[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2000,312(1):315-325.
[19]BUTLER B G,LU J,FANG Z Z,et al.Production of nanometric tungsten carbide powders by planetary milling[J].International Journal of Powder Metallurgy,2007,43(1):35-43.
[20]GAO L,KEAR B H.Synthesis of nanophase WC powder by a displacement reaction process[J].Nanostructured Materials,1997,9(1/8):205-208.
[21]MCCAMISH L E,KEER B H,BHATIA S J.Spray conversion process for the production of nanophase composite powders:US5352269[P].1994-10-04.
[22]FANG Z G,EASON J W.Study of nanostructured WCCo composites[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,1995,13(5):297-303.
[23]MA J H,DU Y H.Synthesis of nanocrystalline hexagonal tungsten carbide via co-reduction of tungsten hexachloride and sodium carbonate with metallic magnesium[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2008,448(1):215-218.
[24]HOSEINPUR A,KHAKI J V,MARASHI M S.Mechanochemical synthesis of tungsten carbide nano particles by using WO3/Zn/C powder mixture[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2013,48(2):399-403.
[25]SHAW L L,REN R M,YANG Z G.Nanostructured carbide cermet powders by high energy ball milling:US6793875B1[P].2004-09-21.
[26]WANG X L,SONG X Y,LIU X M,et al.Orientation relationship in WC-Co composite nanoparticles synthesized by in situ reactions[J].Nanotechnology,2015,26(14):145 705.
[27]宋晓艳.超细及纳米WC-Co复合粉的低成本短流程制备及应用[J].中国钨业,2010,25(3):19-23.
[28]HOLGATE M W R,SCHOBERL T,HALL S R.A novel route for the synthesis of nanocomposite tungsten carbide–cobalt using a biopolymer as a carbon source[J].Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology,2009,49(2):145-149.
[29]YANG Q M,YANG J G,YANG H L,et al.Synthesis of ultrafine WC-Co composite powders under hydrogen atmosphere with in-situ carbon via a one-step reduction-carbonization process[J].International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology,2017,14(2):12 628.
[30]YANG Q M,YANG J G,YANG H L,et al.Synthesis of ultrafine WC-10Co composite powders with carbon boat added and densification by sinter-HIP[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,62:104-109.
[31]YANG Q M,YANG J G,YANG H L,et al.Synthesis and characterization of WC-Co nanosized composite powders with in situ carbon and gas carbon sources[J].Metals and Materials International,2016,22(4):663-669.
[32]朱二涛,羊建高,邓军旺,等.不同钨源原料制备WC-Co复合粉的形貌研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2014,5(6):38-46.
[33]羊建高,吕健,朱二涛,等.连续还原碳化法制备纳米WC-Co复合粉研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2013,4(5):23-27.
[34]LIU B X,SHI A H,YANG G L,et al.Recovery of tungsten carbides for preparing ultrafine WC-Co composite powder using core-shell structured precursor synthesized by CVD[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2017,67:74-81.
[35]RYU T,SOHN H Y,HWANG K S,et al.Chemical vapor synthesis and characterization of nanosized WC-Co composite powder and post-treatment[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2008,47(23):9 384-9388.
[36]SOHN H Y,RYU T,HWANG K S,et al.Plasma-assisted chemical vapor synthesis of nanopowders[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,34:533-537.
[37]OLIVER C J R G,LVAREZ E A,GARCA J L.Kinetics of densification and grain growth in ultrafine WC-Co composites[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2016,59:121-131.
[38]张贺佳,陈礼清,王文广,等.超细晶WC-10Co硬质合金制备的主要影响因素[J].有色金属科学与工程,2014,5(6):47-52.
[39]MAHESHWARI P,FANG Z Z,SOHN H Y.Earlystage sintering densification and grain growth of nanosized WC-Co powders[J].International Journal of Powder Metallurgy,2007,43(2):41-47.
[40]WANG X,FANG Z Z,HONG Y S.Grain growth during the early stage of sintering of nanosized WC-Co powder[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2008,26(3):232-241.
[41]杜伟,聂洪波,吴冲浒.烧结工艺对低Co超细晶硬质合金性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2010,15(6):650-655.
[42]魏崇斌,宋晓艳,付军,等.烧结方法对WC-Co硬质合金性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2012,17(3):315-320.
[43]史晓亮,邵刚勤,段兴龙,等.VC,Cr3C2对WC-Co纳米粉烧结性能的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2004,26(6):612-615.
[44]李志希,范景莲,缪群.WC-10Co硬质合金热压工艺与晶粒抑制剂的研究[J].粉末冶金工业,2005,15(1):7-11.
[45]朱启扣,刘文彬,王铁军,等.超细WC-Co复合粉热压烧结制备亚微米硬质合金[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2012,40(3):58-62.
[46]刘雪梅,宋晓艳,刘文彬,等.热压和放电等离子烧结对硬质合金材料微观组织和性能的影响[J].电子显微学报,2009,28(1):1-5.
[47]全峰.微波烧结WC-10Co硬质合金的结构与性能研究[D].武汉理工大学,2007.
[48]娄静,易健宏,周承商.微波烧结WC-Co硬质合金致密化与晶粒生长[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(7):1976-1 983.
[49]BAO R,YI J H.Effect of sintering atmosphere on microwave prepared WC-8wt.%Co cemented carbide[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2013,41(11):315-321.
[50]GAO Y,SONG X Y,WANG H B,et al.Effect of carbon content on matching of key crystal planes in nanocrystalline cemented carbide[J].Crystengcomm,2014,16(23):4 935-4 939.
[51]郝权,何新波,曲选辉.放电等离子烧结制备超细WC-Co硬质合金[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,30(6):644-647.