逆时深度偏移处理技术在塔里木盆地塔北牙哈地区三维地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
逆时深度偏移有别于单程波方程的波场延拓,是双程波波动方程的波场延拓,避免了上、下行波的分离处理,是较为准确的成像算法,且不受偏移倾角的限制,并能实现回转波和多次波成像。逆时深度偏移处理技术的关键是正演子波选取、偏移速度场的建立及偏移孔径的确定等。通过在塔里木盆地塔北牙哈地区三维地震资料中采用逆时深度偏移处理技术,提高了资料信噪比及断层和构造偏移精度,为该区断裂展布和构造圈闭落实奠定了良好的地震资料基础。
RTM depth migration was a method different from the wave field continuation of one way wave equation(1WWE).It was the wave field continuation of two-way wave equation(2WWE),which avoided the separate processing of up wave and down wave,so it could be the most accurate algorithm of imaging and was not limited by the dip angle,and also it could realize the imaging of returning wave and the multiples.Selection of Forward modeling wavelet,building-up of migration velocity field,choice of migration aperture and etc.were the key parameters of RTM depth migration.The RTM depth migration technology is used for 3Dseismic processing in Yaha Area of Northern Tarim Basin,which achieved the predicted effects,such as enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and the improving accuracy of fault and structure migration,it provides a good basis for fault interpretation and delineating structural traps.
RTM depth migration was a method different from the wave field continuation of one way wave equation(1WWE).It was the wave field continuation of two-way wave equation(2WWE),which avoided the separate processing of up wave and down wave,so it could be the most accurate algorithm of imaging and was not limited by the dip angle,and also it could realize the imaging of returning wave and the multiples.Selection of Forward modeling wavelet,building-up of migration velocity field,choice of migration aperture and etc.were the key parameters of RTM depth migration.The RTM depth migration technology is used for 3Dseismic processing in Yaha Area of Northern Tarim Basin,which achieved the predicted effects,such as enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and the improving accuracy of fault and structure migration,it provides a good basis for fault interpretation and delineating structural traps.
引文
[1]杨勤勇,段心标.逆时偏移技术的发展现状与趋势[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):1~4.
[2]张春燕,李振春,孙小东.逆时偏移方法技术进展综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(5):5~12.
[3]陈沫.横向各向同性介质地震波场逆时偏移[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):25~31.
[4]李文杰,魏修成,宁俊瑞.叠前弹性波逆时深度偏移及波场分离技术探讨[J].物探化探计算技术,2008,30(6):447~456.
[5]陈可洋.各向异性弹性波高阶有限差分法叠前逆时深度偏移[J].油气地球物理,2011,9(3):24~28.
[6]刘定进,杨勤勇,方伍宝.叠前逆时深度偏移成像的实现与应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):545~549.
[7]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波叠后逆时深度偏移[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):259~263.
[8]张会星,宁书年.弹性波动方程叠前逆时偏移[J].中国矿业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,31(5):15~23.
[9]何兵寿,张会星,魏修成.双程声波方程叠前逆时深度偏移的成像条件[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):237~243.
[10]韩令贺,何兵寿,张会星.VTI介质中准P波方程叠前逆时深度偏移[J].地震学报,2011,33(2):209~218.
[2]张春燕,李振春,孙小东.逆时偏移方法技术进展综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(5):5~12.
[3]陈沫.横向各向同性介质地震波场逆时偏移[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):25~31.
[4]李文杰,魏修成,宁俊瑞.叠前弹性波逆时深度偏移及波场分离技术探讨[J].物探化探计算技术,2008,30(6):447~456.
[5]陈可洋.各向异性弹性波高阶有限差分法叠前逆时深度偏移[J].油气地球物理,2011,9(3):24~28.
[6]刘定进,杨勤勇,方伍宝.叠前逆时深度偏移成像的实现与应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):545~549.
[7]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波叠后逆时深度偏移[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):259~263.
[8]张会星,宁书年.弹性波动方程叠前逆时偏移[J].中国矿业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,31(5):15~23.
[9]何兵寿,张会星,魏修成.双程声波方程叠前逆时深度偏移的成像条件[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):237~243.
[10]韩令贺,何兵寿,张会星.VTI介质中准P波方程叠前逆时深度偏移[J].地震学报,2011,33(2):209~218.