枣实蝇对寄主植物不同器官的选择性测定
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摘要
[目的]为枣实蝇引诱剂的研发提供理论依据。[方法]从枣实蝇行为学研究入手,以"Y"型嗅觉仪分别测试了枣实蝇对红枣和杏两种寄主植物不同新鲜器官的选择行为。[结果]表明,不同性别的枣实蝇成虫对寄主植物枣和杏不同器官的选择性表现出一定差异。雌虫对枣果的选择性比叶片和花的要强(P<0.05),对枣果、枣花、叶片三者的选择率分别为35%、25%、22%;从枣果不同发育期(青果期、半红期、全红期)的选择性来看,雌虫对半红期枣果的选择性最强,选择率为38%,青果次之,为35%。而雄虫对枣花的选择性较强,选择率为38%,半红期枣果次之,为32%。枣实蝇对杏树不同器官的选择性来看,对果实的选择性比叶片的选择性要强(P<0.05),从杏果(青果、熟果)不同发育期的选择性来看,雌虫对青果的选择性最强,选择率为30%,熟果次之,为28%。雄虫对熟果的选择性较强,选择率为28%,与青果、叶片有显著差异(P<0.05)。[结论]同一性别不同生理状态的成虫对寄主植物不同器官的选择性表现出一定差异,性成熟的成虫比未性成熟的成虫对寄主植物的选择性要强。性成熟的枣实蝇雌成虫对半红期枣果的趋性强于枣花与叶片。
[Objective] It aims to explore the mechanism of selectivity of Carpomya vesuviana to different host plant to provide theoretical basis for attractant-development. [Method] The selectivity of C. vesuviana to different organs of jujube and apricot under different physiological conditions was tested by using "Y" type olfactory apparatus. [Result] The results showed that the male and female adult of C. vesuviana showed different selectivity to different organs of jujube and apricot. The females(mature and immature) were more sensitive to jujube fruit than the leaves and flowers(P<0.05), the selectivity to jujube fruit, flower and leaves were respectively 35%, 25%, and 22%. As for jujube fruits at different developmental stages(green, half red, full red), half red fruit was the most attractive one, followed by the green fruit, the selectivity are 38% and 35%. The male ones were the most sensitive to the flower, followed by the half red fruit(P<0.05). As for the selectivity of female adult C. vesuviana to different organs of apricot, the green fruit was the most attractive one, followed by ripe fruit, the selectivity were 30% and 28%. As for the male ones, the ripe fruit was the most attractive, followed by green fruit and it showed significant difference between green fruit and flower(P<0.05). The adults at different physical stage of the same sex also had different selectivity to different organs of host plant. The sexual mature one was more sensitive than immature one. [Conclusion] The female adult C. vesuviana has more selectivity to jujube fruit than flower and leaf, also it shows more strong taxis to green fruit of apricot than flower and ripe fruit. As for male ones, it has more selectivity to jujube flowers and apricot ripe fruits than other organs of jujube and apricot respectively.
[Objective] It aims to explore the mechanism of selectivity of Carpomya vesuviana to different host plant to provide theoretical basis for attractant-development. [Method] The selectivity of C. vesuviana to different organs of jujube and apricot under different physiological conditions was tested by using "Y" type olfactory apparatus. [Result] The results showed that the male and female adult of C. vesuviana showed different selectivity to different organs of jujube and apricot. The females(mature and immature) were more sensitive to jujube fruit than the leaves and flowers(P<0.05), the selectivity to jujube fruit, flower and leaves were respectively 35%, 25%, and 22%. As for jujube fruits at different developmental stages(green, half red, full red), half red fruit was the most attractive one, followed by the green fruit, the selectivity are 38% and 35%. The male ones were the most sensitive to the flower, followed by the half red fruit(P<0.05). As for the selectivity of female adult C. vesuviana to different organs of apricot, the green fruit was the most attractive one, followed by ripe fruit, the selectivity were 30% and 28%. As for the male ones, the ripe fruit was the most attractive, followed by green fruit and it showed significant difference between green fruit and flower(P<0.05). The adults at different physical stage of the same sex also had different selectivity to different organs of host plant. The sexual mature one was more sensitive than immature one. [Conclusion] The female adult C. vesuviana has more selectivity to jujube fruit than flower and leaf, also it shows more strong taxis to green fruit of apricot than flower and ripe fruit. As for male ones, it has more selectivity to jujube flowers and apricot ripe fruits than other organs of jujube and apricot respectively.
引文
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[12] 张淑颖, 肖春, 李正跃, 等. 芒果挥发物对桔小实蝇成虫的引诱作用[J]. 云南农业大学学报, 2007, 22(5): 659-664.
[13] 阿地力·沙塔尔, 母俊景, 彭东虎. 一种实蝇类昆虫成虫饲养装置[P]. 实用新型专利. ZL201520366657.X.2015-11-18.
[14] 施伟, 张智英, 叶辉. 桔小实蝇对寄主水果气味的趋向反应测试[J]. 云南大学学报:自然科学版, 2003, 25(1): 77-80
[15] 卢伟, 侯茂林, 文吉辉, 等. 植物挥发性次生物质对植食性昆虫的影响[J]. 植物保护, 2007, 33(3):7-11.
[16] Robacker D C, Heath R R. Attraction of Mexican fruitflies (Diptera:Tephritidae )to lures emit ting host fruit volatiles in a citrus orchard[J]. Fla Entomol, 1996, 79(4): 600-602.
[17] 莫如江, 欧阳倩, 钟宝儿, 等. 榴莲果肉挥发物对橘小实蝇雄虫的引诱作用[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2014, 51(5): 1336-1342.
[2] 金菊, 阮赞誉, 黄珍富, 等. 莲雾果实挥发物对橘小实蝇的引诱作用[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2015, 36(3):71-77.
[3] 莫如江, 欧阳倩, 钟宝儿, 等. 榴莲果肉挥发物对橘小实蝇雄虫的引诱作用[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2014, 51(5):1336-1342.
[4] 丁红建, 郭予元, 吴才宏, 等. 用于昆虫嗅觉行为研究的四臂嗅觉仪的设计、制作和应用[J]. 昆虫知识, 1996(4):241-243.
[5] 张国娜. 实蝇类害虫感受器超微结构及桔小实蝇对寄主挥发物的趋性研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2012.
[6] 胡陇生. 枣实蝇生物学特性与产卵选择性研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2012.
[7] 张淑颖, 肖春, 孙阳. 实蝇类害虫对寄主的选择[J]. 江西农业学报, 2006, 18(5): 92-95+101.
[8] 于文惠. 桔小实蝇对几种寄主果实的选择和嗅觉学习行为[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2013.
[9] 杜家纬. 植物-昆虫间的化学通讯及其行为控制[J]. 植物生理学报, 2001, 27(3): 193-200.
[10] 彭金英. 植物和昆虫相互关系[D]. 上海: 中国科学院研究生院(上海生命科学研究院), 2005.
[11] Elzen G W, Williams H J, Vinson S B. Role of diet in host selectionof Heliothis virescens byparasitoid Campoletis sonorensis[J]. Chem Ecol, 1984, 10(11): 1535-1541.
[12] 张淑颖, 肖春, 李正跃, 等. 芒果挥发物对桔小实蝇成虫的引诱作用[J]. 云南农业大学学报, 2007, 22(5): 659-664.
[13] 阿地力·沙塔尔, 母俊景, 彭东虎. 一种实蝇类昆虫成虫饲养装置[P]. 实用新型专利. ZL201520366657.X.2015-11-18.
[14] 施伟, 张智英, 叶辉. 桔小实蝇对寄主水果气味的趋向反应测试[J]. 云南大学学报:自然科学版, 2003, 25(1): 77-80
[15] 卢伟, 侯茂林, 文吉辉, 等. 植物挥发性次生物质对植食性昆虫的影响[J]. 植物保护, 2007, 33(3):7-11.
[16] Robacker D C, Heath R R. Attraction of Mexican fruitflies (Diptera:Tephritidae )to lures emit ting host fruit volatiles in a citrus orchard[J]. Fla Entomol, 1996, 79(4): 600-602.
[17] 莫如江, 欧阳倩, 钟宝儿, 等. 榴莲果肉挥发物对橘小实蝇雄虫的引诱作用[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2014, 51(5): 1336-1342.