规模化电动汽车三相负荷平衡充电选线装置与仿真分析
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摘要
居民小区规模化电动汽车的单相慢速充电方式可造成小区电力系统出现严重的三相不平衡现象,进而会对配电网造成不可忽视的影响,针对此问题设计了一种自动平衡电动汽车三相充电负荷的充电机选线装置。该开关装置可自动地选择电压最高的一相作为电动汽车充电电源,同时断开与另外两相的连接。在此选线装置作用下,居民小区配电系统陆续接入需要充电的电动汽车时,充电负荷会自动地均匀分配给各相电源以达到三相负荷平衡的目的。对此选线装置参与的居民小区配电系统进行了仿真分析,分析结果表明,该装置具有实现充电负荷平衡、改善三相电压不平衡度及降低配网线损的效果。
The single-phase slow charging mode of large-scale EV(Electric Vehicle) in residential district can cause serious three-phase unbalance of power system in the district,which will cause non-negligible impact on distribution network.An automatic balancing EV three-phase charging load selection device is designed for solving this problem.The selection device can automatically select the highest voltage phase as the EV charging power,while disconnecting the other two-phase connection.Under the action of the line selection device,when the distribution system of residential district is connected to the EV needing recharging,the charging load will be automatically distributed to each phase power supply to achieve three-phase load balance.The simulation analysis of distribution system of the residential district with the proposed line selection device is made,and the analysis results show that this device has a certain effect on realizing charging load balance,improving the unbalanced degree of three-phase voltage and reducing the loss of distribution network.
The single-phase slow charging mode of large-scale EV(Electric Vehicle) in residential district can cause serious three-phase unbalance of power system in the district,which will cause non-negligible impact on distribution network.An automatic balancing EV three-phase charging load selection device is designed for solving this problem.The selection device can automatically select the highest voltage phase as the EV charging power,while disconnecting the other two-phase connection.Under the action of the line selection device,when the distribution system of residential district is connected to the EV needing recharging,the charging load will be automatically distributed to each phase power supply to achieve three-phase load balance.The simulation analysis of distribution system of the residential district with the proposed line selection device is made,and the analysis results show that this device has a certain effect on realizing charging load balance,improving the unbalanced degree of three-phase voltage and reducing the loss of distribution network.
引文
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[14]吴凯,程启明,李明,等.具有V2G功能的电动汽车快速充放电方法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(2):30-34.WU Kai,CHENG Qiming,LI Ming,et al.Fast charging and discharging method for electric vehicle with V2G function[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(2):30-34.
[15]苏海锋,梁志瑞.基于峰谷电价的家用电动汽车居民小区有序充电控制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):17-22.SU Haifeng,LIANG Zhirui.Household electric vehicles ordered charging control method in residential quarter based on peak-valley TOU power price[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(6):17-22.
[2]颜湘武,恩日,海日,等.典型住宅小区接入电动汽车的供电方式研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):910-917.YAN Xiangwu,EN Ri,HAI Ri,et al.Research on power supply modes for typical residential communities integrated with charging station for electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(4):910-917.
[3]占恺峤,胡泽春,宋永华,等.考虑三相负荷平衡的电动汽车有序充电策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(17):201-207.ZHAN Kaiqiao,HU Zechun,SONG Yonghua,et al.A coordinated charging strategy for electric vehicle three-phase load balance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(17):201-207.
[4]SINGH M,KAR I,KUMAR P.Influence of EV on grid power quality and optimizing the charging schedule to mitigate voltage imbalance and reduce power loss[C]∥Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.Ohrid,USA:IEEE,2010:196-203.
[5]林志雄,陈岩,蔡金锭,等.低压配电网三相不平衡运行的影响及治理措施[J].电力科学与技术学报,2009,24(3):63-67.LIN Zhixiong,CHEN Yan,CAI Jinding,et al.Impact and counter measure of three-phase unbalanced operation for low voltage distribution systerms[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2009,24(3):63-67.
[6]赵晶晶,李新,许中.含分布式电源的三相不平衡配电网潮流计算[J].电网技术,2009,33(3):94-98.ZHAO Jingjing,LI Xin,XU Zhong.Calculation of three-phase unbalanced power flow in distribution network containing distributedgeneration[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(3):94-98.
[7]赵晋泉,范晓龙,高宗和,等.含分布式电源的三相不平衡配电网连续潮流计算[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(9):48-53.ZHAO Jinquan,FAN Xiaolong,GAO Zonghe,et al.Continuation power flow calculation for unbalanced three-phase distribution networks with distributed generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(9):48-53.
[8]同向前,王海燕,尹军.基于负荷功率的三相不平衡度的计算方法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2011,23(2):24-30.TONG Xiangqian,WANG Haiyan,YIN Jun.Calculation method of three-phase unbalance factor based on load power[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2011,23(2):24-30.
[9]杨雄,卫志农,孙国强,等.变压器支路处理新方法与配电网三相潮流计算[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(18):58-64.YANG Xiong,WEI Zhinong,SUN Guoqiang,et al.A novel method for transformer branch processing and three-phase power flow calculation in distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(18):58-64.
[10]孙小平,陈珩.不对称三相潮流的对称分量分析法[J].中国电机工程学报,1993,13(6):1-12.SUN Xiaoping,CHEN Heng.Unsymmetrical three-phase load flow study based on symmetrical component theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1993,13(6):1-12.
[11]杨秀菊,白晓清,李佩杰,等.电动汽车规模化接入配电网的充电优化[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):31-36.YANG Xiuju,BAI Xiaoqing,LI Peijie,et al.Charging optimization of massive electric vehicles in distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(6):31-36.
[12]朱学贵,覃阳,苏向丰,等.电动汽车充电机对电能计量的影响[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):52-57.ZHU Xuegui,QIN Yang,SU Xiangfeng,et al.Impact of electric vehicle charger on electric energy metering[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(6):52-57.
[13]郭建龙,文福拴.电动汽车充电对电力系统的影响及其对策[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):1-9.GUO Jianlong,WEN Fushuan.Impact of electric vehicle charging on power system and relevant countermeasures[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(6):1-9.
[14]吴凯,程启明,李明,等.具有V2G功能的电动汽车快速充放电方法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(2):30-34.WU Kai,CHENG Qiming,LI Ming,et al.Fast charging and discharging method for electric vehicle with V2G function[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(2):30-34.
[15]苏海锋,梁志瑞.基于峰谷电价的家用电动汽车居民小区有序充电控制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):17-22.SU Haifeng,LIANG Zhirui.Household electric vehicles ordered charging control method in residential quarter based on peak-valley TOU power price[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(6):17-22.