没水倾斜板式防波堤消波性能分析
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摘要
提出了一种将波浪中倾斜板问题等效化简为波浪中水平板单元组的方法,该方法建立在使用分离变量法求解水工结构边值问题的基础上,并使用伽辽金法精确求解连续边界条件,确定考虑衰减波态的速度势函数,从而求解没水倾斜板结构的消波性能。等效化简法计算精度于边界元法相当,且计算单元数量少、开销低。基于二维线性势波理论,对没水倾斜板式防波堤消波性能分析显示,没水板的倾斜角度、没水深度与板长是结构消波性能的控制因素:没水倾斜板防波堤的消波性能优于没水水平板防波堤的消波性能,随着没水板结构的倾斜角度增大,没水倾斜板结构的波浪透射系数显著减小,且长板优于短板,浅板优于深板;与前人的水槽实验对比显示,相对没水深度与波陡影响结构的消波性能,且波陡造成的波浪破碎贡献了显著的波能消耗。该结论对板式防波堤的结构配置、优化设计有重要意义。
A method is proposed to simplify the problem of wave interaction with a submerged inclined plate structure as a group of submerged horizontal plate elements. The separation variable method and Galerkin method are employed to solve the boundary value problem around this hydraulic structure and to find the approximation of transboundary continuity solution. This method,an equivalent approximating method,has demonstrated quite excellent accuracy with a fair speed comparing with boundary element method. Based on the two-dimensional linear wave theory,the analysis of the wave controlling performance of the submerged inclined plate breakwater shows that the inclination,water depth and the length of the plate are critical factors. The wave propagation over the submerged inclined plate structure is significantly reduced,the long plate is superior to the short one,and the shallow submerged plate is superior to the deep one. The comparison with the previous experiments indicates that the smaller wave depth also influences the wave controlling performance,and the wave-induced wave breaking over plate contributes to the remarkable wave energy dissipation. The conclusion is of great significance to the structural configuration and optimization design of this type of plate breakwater.
A method is proposed to simplify the problem of wave interaction with a submerged inclined plate structure as a group of submerged horizontal plate elements. The separation variable method and Galerkin method are employed to solve the boundary value problem around this hydraulic structure and to find the approximation of transboundary continuity solution. This method,an equivalent approximating method,has demonstrated quite excellent accuracy with a fair speed comparing with boundary element method. Based on the two-dimensional linear wave theory,the analysis of the wave controlling performance of the submerged inclined plate breakwater shows that the inclination,water depth and the length of the plate are critical factors. The wave propagation over the submerged inclined plate structure is significantly reduced,the long plate is superior to the short one,and the shallow submerged plate is superior to the deep one. The comparison with the previous experiments indicates that the smaller wave depth also influences the wave controlling performance,and the wave-induced wave breaking over plate contributes to the remarkable wave energy dissipation. The conclusion is of great significance to the structural configuration and optimization design of this type of plate breakwater.
引文
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[6]PARSONS N F,MARTIN P A.Scattering of water waves by submerged curved plates and by surface-piercing flat plates[J].Applied Ocean Research,1994,16(3):129-139.
[7]PARSONS N F,MARTIN P A.Trapping of water waves by submerged plates using hypersingular integral equations[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1995,284:359-375.
[8]YU X P.Functional performance of a submerged and essentially horizontal plate for offshore wave control:a review[J].Coastal Engineering Journal,2002,44(2):127-147.
[9]刘勇,谢璐琼,姚卓琳.淹没式斜板防波堤水动力特性的数值分析[J/OL].2011,http://www.paper.edu.cn/download/down Paper/201111-69.(LIU Y,XIE L Q,YAO Z L.Analysis on the hydrodynamic performance of a submerged inclined plate breakwater[J/OL].2011,http://www.paper.edu.cn/download/down Paper/201111-69.(in Chinese))
[10]RAO S,SHIRLAL K G,VARGHESE R V,et al.Physical model studies on wave transmission of a submerged inclined plate breakwater[J].Ocean Engineering,2009,36(15):1199-1207.
[11]YAGCI O,KIRCA V S O,ACANAL L.Wave attenuation and flow kinematics of an inclined thin plate acting as an alternative coastal protection structure[J].Applied Ocean Research,2014,48:214-226.
[12]日本土木学会.海岸波動:波·構造物·地盤の相互作用の解析法[M].東京:海岸工学委員会研究現況レビュー小委員会,1994:331-339.(JSCE.Coastal wave motion:Analysis method of wave,structure,ground interaction[M].Tokyo:Coastal Engineering Committee Research Review subcommittee,1994:331-339.(in Japanese))
[13]YU X P.Patching methods for the analysis of wave motion over a submerged plate[J].Reports of the Faculty of Engineering,Nagasaki University,1995,25(44):35-42.
[14]BREBBIA C A,DOMINGUEZ J.Boundary elements[M].Boston:WIT Press,1994:22-31.
[15]刘鹏飞,郑永红,王利生.淹没矩形防波堤透反射系数特性研究[J].海洋学报,2006,28(5):138-144.(LIU P F,ZHENG Y H,WANG L S.Reflection and transmission properties of submerged rectangular breakwaters[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2006,28(5):138-144.(in Chinese))
[2]OKUBO H,KOJIMA I,TAKAHASHI Y,et al.Development of new types of breakwaters[R].Nippon Steel Technical Report,1994.
[3]青山和義,鎌田彰,玉置淳二,等.呼人漁港における傾斜板式防波堤の建設[J].海洋開発論文集,1997,13:931-936.(AOYAMA K,KAMADA A,TAMAOKI J,et al.The design of breakwater by“PSR”at YOBITO Fishery Harbor[J].Proceedings of Civil Engineering in the Ocean,1997,13:931-93.(in Japanese))
[4]全国漁港協会.ひと工夫した渔港构造物事例集[M].東京:全国漁港協会,1997:17.(National Association of Fisheries Infrastructure.Case collection of fishing port structures[M].Tokyo:NAFI,1997:17.(in Japanese))
[5]青山哲也,泉宮尊司,磯部雅彦,等.没水平板による波浪制御法に関する基礎的研究[J].海岸工学講演会論文集,1988,35:507-511.(AOYAMA T,ISOBE M,IZUMAKIYA K,et al.Fundamental study on wave control method by submerged horizontal plate[J].Proceedings of the Japanese Conference on Coastal Engineering,1988,35:507-511.(in Japanese))
[6]PARSONS N F,MARTIN P A.Scattering of water waves by submerged curved plates and by surface-piercing flat plates[J].Applied Ocean Research,1994,16(3):129-139.
[7]PARSONS N F,MARTIN P A.Trapping of water waves by submerged plates using hypersingular integral equations[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1995,284:359-375.
[8]YU X P.Functional performance of a submerged and essentially horizontal plate for offshore wave control:a review[J].Coastal Engineering Journal,2002,44(2):127-147.
[9]刘勇,谢璐琼,姚卓琳.淹没式斜板防波堤水动力特性的数值分析[J/OL].2011,http://www.paper.edu.cn/download/down Paper/201111-69.(LIU Y,XIE L Q,YAO Z L.Analysis on the hydrodynamic performance of a submerged inclined plate breakwater[J/OL].2011,http://www.paper.edu.cn/download/down Paper/201111-69.(in Chinese))
[10]RAO S,SHIRLAL K G,VARGHESE R V,et al.Physical model studies on wave transmission of a submerged inclined plate breakwater[J].Ocean Engineering,2009,36(15):1199-1207.
[11]YAGCI O,KIRCA V S O,ACANAL L.Wave attenuation and flow kinematics of an inclined thin plate acting as an alternative coastal protection structure[J].Applied Ocean Research,2014,48:214-226.
[12]日本土木学会.海岸波動:波·構造物·地盤の相互作用の解析法[M].東京:海岸工学委員会研究現況レビュー小委員会,1994:331-339.(JSCE.Coastal wave motion:Analysis method of wave,structure,ground interaction[M].Tokyo:Coastal Engineering Committee Research Review subcommittee,1994:331-339.(in Japanese))
[13]YU X P.Patching methods for the analysis of wave motion over a submerged plate[J].Reports of the Faculty of Engineering,Nagasaki University,1995,25(44):35-42.
[14]BREBBIA C A,DOMINGUEZ J.Boundary elements[M].Boston:WIT Press,1994:22-31.
[15]刘鹏飞,郑永红,王利生.淹没矩形防波堤透反射系数特性研究[J].海洋学报,2006,28(5):138-144.(LIU P F,ZHENG Y H,WANG L S.Reflection and transmission properties of submerged rectangular breakwaters[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2006,28(5):138-144.(in Chinese))