一种清洁能源与市政热网互补的供热系统设计及模拟研究
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摘要
北方地区的建筑供暖需求随着城市建筑面积的迅速增长而不断增加,而城市热网改扩建缓慢,供热能力不足,距城区较远的新建及改扩建小区的供暖需求面临挑战,并且供暖带来的高能耗及环境污染问题日益严峻。针对此类问题,提出了将太阳能、空气能与传统市政热网相结合、互为补充的清洁能源与市政热网多能互补的集中供热系统,利用TRNSYS软件建立系统模型,设计系统5种不同的运行模式及相应的运行控制策略,并以石家庄市某新建小区为例进行分析。模拟运行结果表明,在整个供暖季中,运行时间较长的是太阳能辅助双热源(水源)热泵供热模式和双热源(空气源)热泵供热模式,清洁能源的供热比例为82.15%,热泵机组效率高,平均COP为4.06,远高于常规的热泵机组。研究结果可为周边供热能力不足的新建及改扩建小区选择供热系统提供参考。
The demand for building heating in northern China is increasing with the rapid growth of urban construction area. However, the heating demand of new and renovated communities far away from urban areas is facing challenges due to slow reconstruction and expansion of urban heating network and insufficient heating capacity. In addition, the problem of high energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by heating is increasingly serious. To solve those problems, a new multi-energy complementary central heating system is put forward, which combines solar energy and air energy with traditional municipal heat supply network, realizing the multi-energy complement of clean energy and municipal heating network. TRNSYS software is used to establish the system model, five different operation modes and corresponding operation control strategies of the system are established and analyzed, and a new residential district in Shijiazhuang is chosen as an example. The simulation results show that during the heating season, solar assisted double heat source pump(water source) and double heat source pump(air source) have longer running time, the clean energy heating rate is 82.15%, and the average COP of the heat pump units is 4.06, much higher than that of the conventional heat pump units. The research results can be used as a reference for the selection of heating systems for the newly built or renovated residential areas with insufficient heating capacity.
The demand for building heating in northern China is increasing with the rapid growth of urban construction area. However, the heating demand of new and renovated communities far away from urban areas is facing challenges due to slow reconstruction and expansion of urban heating network and insufficient heating capacity. In addition, the problem of high energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by heating is increasingly serious. To solve those problems, a new multi-energy complementary central heating system is put forward, which combines solar energy and air energy with traditional municipal heat supply network, realizing the multi-energy complement of clean energy and municipal heating network. TRNSYS software is used to establish the system model, five different operation modes and corresponding operation control strategies of the system are established and analyzed, and a new residential district in Shijiazhuang is chosen as an example. The simulation results show that during the heating season, solar assisted double heat source pump(water source) and double heat source pump(air source) have longer running time, the clean energy heating rate is 82.15%, and the average COP of the heat pump units is 4.06, much higher than that of the conventional heat pump units. The research results can be used as a reference for the selection of heating systems for the newly built or renovated residential areas with insufficient heating capacity.
引文
[1] 清华大学建筑节能研究中心.中国建筑节能年度发展研究报告2017[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2017:2-6.
[2] 解淑艳,王帅,张霞,等.中国北方地区供暖期颗粒物污染现状[J].中国环境监测,2018,34(4):25-33.XIE Shuyan,WANG Shuai,ZHANG Xia,et al.Pollution characteristics of particulate in heating periods in northern china[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2018,34(4):25-33.
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[4] 覃露才,孙纪康,陈江娜.北方供热地区清洁供暖规划技术路线与案例[J].煤气与热力,2018,38(4):4-10.
[5] 张书华,付林.优先利用分布式能源及工业余热的多能互补供热模式[J].分布式能源,2018,3(1):64-66.ZHANG Shuhua,FU Lin.Multi energy complementary heating mode with priority use of distributed energy and industrial waste[J].Distributed Energy,2018,3(1):64-66.
[6] 梁浩,张峰,龙惟定.基于多能互补的区域能源系统优化模型[J].暖通空调,2012,42(7):67-71.LIANG Hao,ZHANG Feng,LONG Weiding.Optimization mode of complementary district energy system based on multi-energy-sources[J].Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning,2012,42(7):67-71.
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[8] 崔晓月.北京地区太阳能-空气源热泵辐射供暖系统适用性研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2017.CUI Xiaoyue.Study on Application of Solar-Air Source Heat Pump Capillary Radiant Heating System in Beijing[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2017.
[9] 黄文洪.太阳能-空气源热泵热水系统运行特性及优化研究[D].厦门:集美大学,2017.HUANG Wenhong.Research on Operation Characteristic and Optimization of Solar-Air Source Heat Pump Hot Water System[D].Xiamen:Jimei University,2017.
[10] 申振宇.太阳能-空气源热泵在西安某别墅供暖系统的应用研究[D].西安:西安工程大学,2017.SHEN Zhengyu.Application Research of Solar Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Heating System in Xi’An Villa[D].Xi’an:Xi’ an Polytechnic University,2017.
[11] 靳路.太阳能-空气源热泵系统在独立式住宅中的应用研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2015.JIN Lu.Application of Solar-Air Source Heat Pump System in Independent House[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2015.
[12] 吴启任.寒冷地区太阳能-空气源热泵系统研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2010.WU Qiren.Study of a Solar-Air Source Heat Pump System for Cold Regions[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2010.
[13] 冉思源,李先庭,徐伟.新型间联式太阳能空气源热泵用于供热的效果分析[J].暖通空调,2016,46(12):8-14.RAN Siyuan,LI Xianting,XU Wei.Performance analysis of a hybrid solar air-source heat pump for space heating[J].Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning,2016,46(12):8-14.
[14] 张明昭.太阳能、空气源热泵、锅炉供暖联合供热的研究与实践[D].保定:华北电力大学(河北),2010.ZHANG Mingzhao.Study and Practice on the Systems of Solar Energy and Air Source Heat Pump and Boiler Combined Heating[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University (Hebei),2010.
[15] 郝红,付晓晨,冯国会,等.太阳能-地源热泵与热网补供暖系统的仿真性能研究[J].流体机械,2014,42(9):61-65.HAO Hong,FU Xiaochen,FENG Guohui,et al.Research on the simulation of solar-ground source heat pump and heating network complementary heating system[J].Fluid Machinery,2014,42(9):61-65.
[16] 冯国会,张剑,郝红,等.严寒地区太阳能——地源热泵与热网互补供热系统能源配比研究[J].供热制冷,2016(6):24-28.
[17] 羡晓东.多能互补集中供热系统应用研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2019.XIAN Xiaodong.Application Research of Multi-energy Complementary Municipal Central Heating System[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2019.
[18] GB 50736—2012,民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范[S].
[19] JGJ 142—2012,辐射供暖供冷技术规程[S].
[20] 李俊.严寒寒冷地区空气源热泵系统室外计算温度选择的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.LI Jun.Research on Selection of Outdoor Design Temperature for Air Source Heat Pump System in Severe Cold and Cold Regions[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2018.
[2] 解淑艳,王帅,张霞,等.中国北方地区供暖期颗粒物污染现状[J].中国环境监测,2018,34(4):25-33.XIE Shuyan,WANG Shuai,ZHANG Xia,et al.Pollution characteristics of particulate in heating periods in northern china[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2018,34(4):25-33.
[3] 方豪,夏建军,林波荣,等.北方城市清洁供暖现状和技术路线研究[J].区域供热,2018(1):11-18.
[4] 覃露才,孙纪康,陈江娜.北方供热地区清洁供暖规划技术路线与案例[J].煤气与热力,2018,38(4):4-10.
[5] 张书华,付林.优先利用分布式能源及工业余热的多能互补供热模式[J].分布式能源,2018,3(1):64-66.ZHANG Shuhua,FU Lin.Multi energy complementary heating mode with priority use of distributed energy and industrial waste[J].Distributed Energy,2018,3(1):64-66.
[6] 梁浩,张峰,龙惟定.基于多能互补的区域能源系统优化模型[J].暖通空调,2012,42(7):67-71.LIANG Hao,ZHANG Feng,LONG Weiding.Optimization mode of complementary district energy system based on multi-energy-sources[J].Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning,2012,42(7):67-71.
[7] 聂海宁,黄小琳,曾智勇.中国清洁能源供热现状及发展前景[J].能源与节能,2018(12):87-89.NIE Haining,HUANG Xiaolin,ZENG Zhiyong.Present situation and development prospect of clean energy heating in China [J].Energy and Energy Conservation,2018(12):87-89.
[8] 崔晓月.北京地区太阳能-空气源热泵辐射供暖系统适用性研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2017.CUI Xiaoyue.Study on Application of Solar-Air Source Heat Pump Capillary Radiant Heating System in Beijing[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2017.
[9] 黄文洪.太阳能-空气源热泵热水系统运行特性及优化研究[D].厦门:集美大学,2017.HUANG Wenhong.Research on Operation Characteristic and Optimization of Solar-Air Source Heat Pump Hot Water System[D].Xiamen:Jimei University,2017.
[10] 申振宇.太阳能-空气源热泵在西安某别墅供暖系统的应用研究[D].西安:西安工程大学,2017.SHEN Zhengyu.Application Research of Solar Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Heating System in Xi’An Villa[D].Xi’an:Xi’ an Polytechnic University,2017.
[11] 靳路.太阳能-空气源热泵系统在独立式住宅中的应用研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2015.JIN Lu.Application of Solar-Air Source Heat Pump System in Independent House[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2015.
[12] 吴启任.寒冷地区太阳能-空气源热泵系统研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2010.WU Qiren.Study of a Solar-Air Source Heat Pump System for Cold Regions[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2010.
[13] 冉思源,李先庭,徐伟.新型间联式太阳能空气源热泵用于供热的效果分析[J].暖通空调,2016,46(12):8-14.RAN Siyuan,LI Xianting,XU Wei.Performance analysis of a hybrid solar air-source heat pump for space heating[J].Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning,2016,46(12):8-14.
[14] 张明昭.太阳能、空气源热泵、锅炉供暖联合供热的研究与实践[D].保定:华北电力大学(河北),2010.ZHANG Mingzhao.Study and Practice on the Systems of Solar Energy and Air Source Heat Pump and Boiler Combined Heating[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University (Hebei),2010.
[15] 郝红,付晓晨,冯国会,等.太阳能-地源热泵与热网补供暖系统的仿真性能研究[J].流体机械,2014,42(9):61-65.HAO Hong,FU Xiaochen,FENG Guohui,et al.Research on the simulation of solar-ground source heat pump and heating network complementary heating system[J].Fluid Machinery,2014,42(9):61-65.
[16] 冯国会,张剑,郝红,等.严寒地区太阳能——地源热泵与热网互补供热系统能源配比研究[J].供热制冷,2016(6):24-28.
[17] 羡晓东.多能互补集中供热系统应用研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2019.XIAN Xiaodong.Application Research of Multi-energy Complementary Municipal Central Heating System[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2019.
[18] GB 50736—2012,民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范[S].
[19] JGJ 142—2012,辐射供暖供冷技术规程[S].
[20] 李俊.严寒寒冷地区空气源热泵系统室外计算温度选择的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.LI Jun.Research on Selection of Outdoor Design Temperature for Air Source Heat Pump System in Severe Cold and Cold Regions[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2018.