220kV管母用瓷支柱绝缘子运行事故分析
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摘要
管型母线用瓷支柱绝缘子运行环境恶劣,断裂事故时有发生,及时查清事故原因并提出解决方法,对于保障电网安全可靠稳定运行具有重要的意义。笔者通过对5起220 kV管母用瓷支柱绝缘子运行事故的简要介绍,分析了这几起事故的异同特点,根据现场调查和试验分析,从瓷质质量、设计选型、安装方式、运行维护等全过程角度,对可能导致220 kV管母用瓷支柱绝缘子断裂的原因做了详细分析,指出了瓷质欠佳、抗弯强度不足、固定金具选型不当、管母固定方式错误、大风天气是造成220 kV管母用瓷支柱绝缘子断裂的主要原因,并提出了预防管母用瓷支柱绝缘子断裂的方法。
To reveal fracture accidents of porcelain post insulators of a tubular busbar for safe,stable and reliable operation of a power system, five accidents of porcelain post insulators of a 220 kV tubular busbar are analyzed.Field investigations and experimental analyses are conducted to analyze the features of these accidents, and possible causes are discussed in detail with respect to porcelain quality, type selection, installation, operation, and maintenance. It is concluded that the major causes of the fracture accidents of the porcelain post insulators include poor quality of porcelain material,insufficient bending strength,wrong fixing mode of the tubular busbar,improper selection of busbar support type,and sustained heavy wind. Moreover,some corresponding countermeasures against the fracture accidents of the post porcelain insulators are given.
To reveal fracture accidents of porcelain post insulators of a tubular busbar for safe,stable and reliable operation of a power system, five accidents of porcelain post insulators of a 220 kV tubular busbar are analyzed.Field investigations and experimental analyses are conducted to analyze the features of these accidents, and possible causes are discussed in detail with respect to porcelain quality, type selection, installation, operation, and maintenance. It is concluded that the major causes of the fracture accidents of the porcelain post insulators include poor quality of porcelain material,insufficient bending strength,wrong fixing mode of the tubular busbar,improper selection of busbar support type,and sustained heavy wind. Moreover,some corresponding countermeasures against the fracture accidents of the post porcelain insulators are given.
引文
[1]蒋云,王维东,蔡红生,等.支柱瓷绝缘子及瓷套超声波检测[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010:133-137.JIANG Yun,WANG Weidong,CAI Hongsheng,et al.Strut porcelain insulator and ultrasonic detection[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2010:133-137.
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[3]吴旭涛,危鹏.一起220 k V隔离开关支柱瓷绝缘子断裂事故的原因分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2011(6):11-14.WU Xutao,WEI Peng.Cause analysis on a rupture accident of stanchion porcelain insulators in 220 k V isolating switch[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2011(6):11-14.
[4]闫斌,丁辉.支柱瓷绝缘子断裂失效分析[J].青海电力,2003(1):1-6.YAN Bin,DING Hui.Analysis of strut porcelain insulator’s rupturing and invalidity[J].Qinghai Electric Power,2003(1):1-6.
[5]雍军,沈庆河,胡晓黎,等.浅析山东电网高压支柱瓷绝缘子断裂原因[J].高电压技术,2005,31(3):90-91.YONG Jun,SHEN Qinghe,HU Xiaoli,et al.Analysis on broken accident of high voltage porcelain post insulators of Shandong electric power corporation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(3):90-91.
[6]卢明,闫东,张健壮.管母金具不当导致支柱绝缘子断裂的原因分析[J].河南电力,2009(3):24-26.LU Ming,YAN Dong,ZHANG Jianzhuang.Unmerited installation lead to the fracturation of sustentacular insulator[J].Henan Electric Power,2009(3):24-26.
[7]杨海,郭志军,张永翠.C6-550-IV(126 k V/6 k N)支柱瓷绝缘子优化设计[J].电瓷避雷器,2012(2):22-24.YANG Hai,GUO Zhijun,ZHANG Yongcui.The optimized design of C6-550-IV(126 k V/6 k N)post porcelain insulators[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2012(2):22-24.
[8]闫东,卢明,姜国庆,等.220 k V支柱绝缘子断裂原因分析及对策[J].高压电器,2005,41(6):466-467.YAN Dong,LU Ming,JIANG Guoqing,et al.Analysis and countermeasure of fracture of 220 k V post insulator[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2005,41(6):466-467.
[9]赵树平,安腊梅.超、特高压直流棒形支柱瓷绝缘子关键技术研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2012(5):54-58.Zh AO Shuping,AN Lamei.Study on key technologies of EHV,UHV DC rod post porcelain insulator[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2012(5):54-58.
[10]西北电力设计院.电力工程电气设计手册[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1989.Northwest Electric Power Design Institute.Electrical engineering electrical design manual[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1989.
[11]秦征.支持式管母线用支柱绝缘子抗弯强度校验[J].广西电力工程,2001(2):36-37.QIN Zheng.Verifying the bending resistance of support insulator for support type tubular busbar[J].Guangxi Electric Power Engineering,2001(2):36-37.
[12]董吉谔.电力金具手册[M].第2版.北京:中国电力出版社,2001:328-331.DONG Ji’e.Electric power fittings manuals(the second edition)[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2001:328-331.
[13]钟振蛟.国产高压交流隔离开关的发展和向特高压的跨越[J].高压电器,2007,43(4):265-268.ZHONG Zhenjiao.Discussion of development of EHV and UHV disconnector in China[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(4):265-268.
[14]屈立辉,刘列,徐启福,等.高梯度绝缘子初步研究及Kapton绝缘性能分析[J].高压电器,2007,43(4):253-255.QU Lihui,LIU Lie,XU Qifu,et al.Preliminary research of high-gradient insulator and analysis of the insulating properties of Kapton[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(4):253-255.
[15]杨圣,刘维来,李晓峰.绝缘子污闪电压蒙特卡罗法预测的基础研究[J].高压电器,2007,43(5):343-345.YANG Sheng,LIU Weilai,LI Xiaofeng.Fundamental research on insulator flashover voltage based on the montecarlo prediction[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(5):343-345.
[16]李霞,刘燕,肖勋.关于干式空心电抗器试验的几个问题[J].变压器,2013,50(2):58-60.LI Xia,LIU Yan,XIAO Xun.Several questions of dry-type air-core reactors test[J].Transformer,2013,50(2):58-60.
[17]张亚杰,许净位.交流变频调速系统中整流变压器的应用探讨[J].变压器,2014,51(1):26-28.ZHANG Yajie,XU Jingwei.Discussion on application of rectifier transformer in AC frequency control system[J].Transformer,2014,51(1):26-28.
[18]王成江,贾智斌,顾玉凯,等.绝缘子放电声发射的传播特性研究[J].高压电器,2007,43(1):52-55.WANG Chengjiang,JIA Zhibin,GU Yukai,et al.Research on spreading characteristics of acoustics emission wave from discharge of insulators[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(1):52-55.
[19]徐击水,张子蓬,王淑青,等.基于GNBR算法的BP网络对绝缘子运行状态预测研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2013,29(6):6-9.XU Jishui,ZHANG Zipeng,WANG Shuqing,et al.Research on the prediction for the operating state of insulators using BP network based on GNBR algorithm[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2013,29(6):6-9.
[20]闫士涛,何宇,石岩龙.750 k V直线塔整串绝缘子带电更换方法[J].电网与清洁能源,2012,28(2):30-34.YAN Shitao,HE Yu,SHI Yanlong.Live replacement methods of the whole-bunch insulators on the 750 k V suspension tower[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2012,28(2):30-34.
[21]郭文勇,独亚军,魏存娣,等.数学形态学在绝缘子泄漏电流在线监测中的应用[J].电网与清洁能源,2011,27(11):20-24.GUO Wenyong,DU Yajun,WEI Cundi,et al.Application of mathematical morphology in on-line leakage current monitoring of insulators[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2011,27(11):20-24.
[22]隋彬,孙继星,吴广宁,等.间歇性列车风对支撑绝缘子污闪影响分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2012(2):1-5.SUI Bin,SUN Jixing,WU Guangning,et al.Analysis on the influence of intermittent high speed train wind on supporting insulator pollution flashover[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2012(2):1-5.
[23]郎培英,黄涛,梁义明.支柱瓷绝缘子弯扭能力与声速关系的研究[J].高压电器,2009,45(3):120-123.LANG Peiying,HUANG Tao,LIANG Yiming.Research on relationships of bending resistance and twisting resistance and sound velocity of post insulators[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(3):120-123.
[2]吴光亚,姚忠森,何宏明,等.高压支柱瓷绝缘子运行事故分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2002(5):22-24.WU Guangya,YAO Zhongsen,HE Hongming,et al.Failure analyses for high voltage post insulators of ceramic material[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2002(5):22-24.
[3]吴旭涛,危鹏.一起220 k V隔离开关支柱瓷绝缘子断裂事故的原因分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2011(6):11-14.WU Xutao,WEI Peng.Cause analysis on a rupture accident of stanchion porcelain insulators in 220 k V isolating switch[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2011(6):11-14.
[4]闫斌,丁辉.支柱瓷绝缘子断裂失效分析[J].青海电力,2003(1):1-6.YAN Bin,DING Hui.Analysis of strut porcelain insulator’s rupturing and invalidity[J].Qinghai Electric Power,2003(1):1-6.
[5]雍军,沈庆河,胡晓黎,等.浅析山东电网高压支柱瓷绝缘子断裂原因[J].高电压技术,2005,31(3):90-91.YONG Jun,SHEN Qinghe,HU Xiaoli,et al.Analysis on broken accident of high voltage porcelain post insulators of Shandong electric power corporation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(3):90-91.
[6]卢明,闫东,张健壮.管母金具不当导致支柱绝缘子断裂的原因分析[J].河南电力,2009(3):24-26.LU Ming,YAN Dong,ZHANG Jianzhuang.Unmerited installation lead to the fracturation of sustentacular insulator[J].Henan Electric Power,2009(3):24-26.
[7]杨海,郭志军,张永翠.C6-550-IV(126 k V/6 k N)支柱瓷绝缘子优化设计[J].电瓷避雷器,2012(2):22-24.YANG Hai,GUO Zhijun,ZHANG Yongcui.The optimized design of C6-550-IV(126 k V/6 k N)post porcelain insulators[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2012(2):22-24.
[8]闫东,卢明,姜国庆,等.220 k V支柱绝缘子断裂原因分析及对策[J].高压电器,2005,41(6):466-467.YAN Dong,LU Ming,JIANG Guoqing,et al.Analysis and countermeasure of fracture of 220 k V post insulator[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2005,41(6):466-467.
[9]赵树平,安腊梅.超、特高压直流棒形支柱瓷绝缘子关键技术研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2012(5):54-58.Zh AO Shuping,AN Lamei.Study on key technologies of EHV,UHV DC rod post porcelain insulator[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2012(5):54-58.
[10]西北电力设计院.电力工程电气设计手册[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1989.Northwest Electric Power Design Institute.Electrical engineering electrical design manual[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1989.
[11]秦征.支持式管母线用支柱绝缘子抗弯强度校验[J].广西电力工程,2001(2):36-37.QIN Zheng.Verifying the bending resistance of support insulator for support type tubular busbar[J].Guangxi Electric Power Engineering,2001(2):36-37.
[12]董吉谔.电力金具手册[M].第2版.北京:中国电力出版社,2001:328-331.DONG Ji’e.Electric power fittings manuals(the second edition)[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2001:328-331.
[13]钟振蛟.国产高压交流隔离开关的发展和向特高压的跨越[J].高压电器,2007,43(4):265-268.ZHONG Zhenjiao.Discussion of development of EHV and UHV disconnector in China[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(4):265-268.
[14]屈立辉,刘列,徐启福,等.高梯度绝缘子初步研究及Kapton绝缘性能分析[J].高压电器,2007,43(4):253-255.QU Lihui,LIU Lie,XU Qifu,et al.Preliminary research of high-gradient insulator and analysis of the insulating properties of Kapton[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(4):253-255.
[15]杨圣,刘维来,李晓峰.绝缘子污闪电压蒙特卡罗法预测的基础研究[J].高压电器,2007,43(5):343-345.YANG Sheng,LIU Weilai,LI Xiaofeng.Fundamental research on insulator flashover voltage based on the montecarlo prediction[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(5):343-345.
[16]李霞,刘燕,肖勋.关于干式空心电抗器试验的几个问题[J].变压器,2013,50(2):58-60.LI Xia,LIU Yan,XIAO Xun.Several questions of dry-type air-core reactors test[J].Transformer,2013,50(2):58-60.
[17]张亚杰,许净位.交流变频调速系统中整流变压器的应用探讨[J].变压器,2014,51(1):26-28.ZHANG Yajie,XU Jingwei.Discussion on application of rectifier transformer in AC frequency control system[J].Transformer,2014,51(1):26-28.
[18]王成江,贾智斌,顾玉凯,等.绝缘子放电声发射的传播特性研究[J].高压电器,2007,43(1):52-55.WANG Chengjiang,JIA Zhibin,GU Yukai,et al.Research on spreading characteristics of acoustics emission wave from discharge of insulators[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(1):52-55.
[19]徐击水,张子蓬,王淑青,等.基于GNBR算法的BP网络对绝缘子运行状态预测研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2013,29(6):6-9.XU Jishui,ZHANG Zipeng,WANG Shuqing,et al.Research on the prediction for the operating state of insulators using BP network based on GNBR algorithm[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2013,29(6):6-9.
[20]闫士涛,何宇,石岩龙.750 k V直线塔整串绝缘子带电更换方法[J].电网与清洁能源,2012,28(2):30-34.YAN Shitao,HE Yu,SHI Yanlong.Live replacement methods of the whole-bunch insulators on the 750 k V suspension tower[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2012,28(2):30-34.
[21]郭文勇,独亚军,魏存娣,等.数学形态学在绝缘子泄漏电流在线监测中的应用[J].电网与清洁能源,2011,27(11):20-24.GUO Wenyong,DU Yajun,WEI Cundi,et al.Application of mathematical morphology in on-line leakage current monitoring of insulators[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2011,27(11):20-24.
[22]隋彬,孙继星,吴广宁,等.间歇性列车风对支撑绝缘子污闪影响分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2012(2):1-5.SUI Bin,SUN Jixing,WU Guangning,et al.Analysis on the influence of intermittent high speed train wind on supporting insulator pollution flashover[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2012(2):1-5.
[23]郎培英,黄涛,梁义明.支柱瓷绝缘子弯扭能力与声速关系的研究[J].高压电器,2009,45(3):120-123.LANG Peiying,HUANG Tao,LIANG Yiming.Research on relationships of bending resistance and twisting resistance and sound velocity of post insulators[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(3):120-123.