体积拉伸流场中的纤维取向
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摘要
运用粘弹性流动分析软件ANSYS POLYFLOW对基于体积拉伸流动成型的叶片挤出机中一个叶片单元的流场进行数值模拟,并将速度梯度张量代入纤维取向分布函数,计算叶片单元中纤维在不同方向的取向概率,分布函数最大值对应的方向为纤维取向方向,然后使用数学软件Matlab对周向不同剖面上的纤维取向分布进行可视化显示,发现:在叶片单元入口处纤维主要沿轴向(即挤出方向)取向,在远离叶片单元入口处纤维主要沿与周向和轴向呈一定夹角的方向取向,结合分散指数分布云图发现拉伸流场比剪切流场更有利于纤维的取向.文中还通过实验对数值模拟结果进行了验证,实验结果和数值模拟结果一致.
In the investigation,the flow field of a vane unit in the vane extruder on the basis of a volume-extensional field is numerically simulated by means of the CFD software ANSYS POLYFLOW,and the orientation probability of the fiber of the vane unit in all directions is calculated by substituting the velocity gradient tensor of the flow field into a fiber orientation distribution function. The direction of the maximum value of the orientation distribution function is considered to be the main orientation of the fiber. Then,Matlab is adopted to visualize the orientation distribution of the fiber on different profiles along the circumference. The results show that the orientation of the fiber at the entrance of the vane unit aligns to the axial direction,which is the extrusion direction,and the orientation of the fiber far away from the entrance of the vane unit is mainly along the direction which has a certain angle with the circumferential direction and the axial direction. By comparing the fiber orientation distribution with the dispersion index distribution,it is found that the extensional field is more conducive to the fiber orientation than the shear flow field. Finally,the numerical results are verified by the experimental results,finding that they accord well with each other.
In the investigation,the flow field of a vane unit in the vane extruder on the basis of a volume-extensional field is numerically simulated by means of the CFD software ANSYS POLYFLOW,and the orientation probability of the fiber of the vane unit in all directions is calculated by substituting the velocity gradient tensor of the flow field into a fiber orientation distribution function. The direction of the maximum value of the orientation distribution function is considered to be the main orientation of the fiber. Then,Matlab is adopted to visualize the orientation distribution of the fiber on different profiles along the circumference. The results show that the orientation of the fiber at the entrance of the vane unit aligns to the axial direction,which is the extrusion direction,and the orientation of the fiber far away from the entrance of the vane unit is mainly along the direction which has a certain angle with the circumferential direction and the axial direction. By comparing the fiber orientation distribution with the dispersion index distribution,it is found that the extensional field is more conducive to the fiber orientation than the shear flow field. Finally,the numerical results are verified by the experimental results,finding that they accord well with each other.
引文
[1]瞿金平,冯彦洪,何和智.塑料和植物纤维复合材料的叶片式加工设备及加工设备:102126262A[P].2011-07-20.
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[8]赵建,曲敏杰,夏英,等.纤维含量对注塑制品残余应力影响的数值模拟[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2014,30(4):127-131.ZHAO Jian,QU Min-jie,XIA Ying,et al.Numerical simulation of the effect of fiber content on residual stresses in fiber reinforced injection molding[J].Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering,2014,30(4):127-131.
[9]WEN J.S.,LEI S.K,LIANG Y H,et al.Numerical simulation of mixing characteristics in a vane extruder[J].J Macromol Sci(Part B),Phys,2014,53:358-369.
[10]GIVLER R C,CROCHET M J,PIPES R B.Numerical prediction of fiber orientation in dilute suspensions[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1983,17(4):330-343.
[11]LIPSCOMB II G G,DENN M M,HUR D U,et al.The flow of fiber suspensions in complex geometries[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1988,26(3):297-325.
[12]熊爱华,柳和生,黄益宾,等.长玻纤增强聚合物注塑充填行为和纤维取向模拟[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2015,31(10):110-114.XIONG Ai-hua,LIU He-sheng,HUANG Yi-bin,et al.3D simulation of filling behavior and fiber orientation for Long glass fiber reinforced polymer composites during injection molding process[J].Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering,2015,31(10):110-114.
[13]DINH S M,ARMSTRONG R C.A rheological equation state for semi-concentrated fiber suspensions[J].Journal of Rheology,1984,8(3):207-279.
[14]YAMANOI M,MAIA J M.Analysis of rheological properties of fiber suspensions in a Newtonian fluid by direct fiber simulation(Part 3):behavior in uniaxial extensional flows[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2010,165(23):1682-1687.
[15]RAMAZANI A,AIT-KADI A,GRMELA M.Rheological modeling of short fiber thermoplastic composites[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1997,73(3):241-260.
[16]CAO Shan,XIE Shang-ran,LIU Fei,et al.Numerical and experimental analysis of polarization dependent gain vector in Brillouin amplification system[J].Optics Communications,2017,89:23-28.
[17]黄赞.拉伸力场支配作用下植物纤维复合材料混合过程模拟研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[2]江青松,柳和生,熊爱华,等.长纤维增强聚合物注塑流动纤维取向分布数值模拟[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2015,31(3):123-127.JIANG Qing-song,LIU He-sheng,XIONG Ai-hua,et al.Numerical simulation on the fiber orientation distribution during flow in injection molding of long fiber reinforced polymer[J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2015,31(3):123-127.
[3]杨海,李再轲,陈增红,等.注塑工艺参数对矩形薄壁件纤维取向影响模拟研究[J].广东化工,2016,43(17):47-48.YANG Hai,LI Zai-ke,CHEN Zeng-hong,et al.Study on effect of injection molding parameters on fiber orientation based on rectangular thin walled part[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2016,43(17):47-48.
[4]沈苏华.纤维悬浮湍流中纤维取向和流变特性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[5]黄达勇,丁智平,荣继刚,等.短玻纤增强工程塑料纤维取向张量影响因素研究[J].湖南工业大学学报,2016,30(3):12-18.HUANG Da-yong,DING Zhi-ping,RONG Ji-gang,et al.Research on influential factors of fiber orientation tensor of short-glass fiber reinforced engineering plastics[J].Journal of Hunan University of Technology,2016,30(3):12-18.
[6]何红,陈雄兵.长方体状注射模腔内纤维取向分布模拟计算[J].塑料,2013,42(4):1-5.HE Hong,CHEN Xiong-bing.Numerical simulation of fiber orientation distribution in cuboid shaped plastic injection mold cavity[J].Plastics,2013,42(4):1-5.
[7]秦计生,彭雄奇,申杰,等.考虑纤维方向分布的玻纤增强PP复合材料拉伸性能[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(4):53-58.QIN Ji-sheng,PENG Xiong-qi,SHEN Jie,et al.Tensile properties of glass fiber reinforced PP composite considering fiber orientations[J].Acta-Materiae Compositae Sinica,2013,30(4):53-58.
[8]赵建,曲敏杰,夏英,等.纤维含量对注塑制品残余应力影响的数值模拟[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2014,30(4):127-131.ZHAO Jian,QU Min-jie,XIA Ying,et al.Numerical simulation of the effect of fiber content on residual stresses in fiber reinforced injection molding[J].Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering,2014,30(4):127-131.
[9]WEN J.S.,LEI S.K,LIANG Y H,et al.Numerical simulation of mixing characteristics in a vane extruder[J].J Macromol Sci(Part B),Phys,2014,53:358-369.
[10]GIVLER R C,CROCHET M J,PIPES R B.Numerical prediction of fiber orientation in dilute suspensions[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1983,17(4):330-343.
[11]LIPSCOMB II G G,DENN M M,HUR D U,et al.The flow of fiber suspensions in complex geometries[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1988,26(3):297-325.
[12]熊爱华,柳和生,黄益宾,等.长玻纤增强聚合物注塑充填行为和纤维取向模拟[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2015,31(10):110-114.XIONG Ai-hua,LIU He-sheng,HUANG Yi-bin,et al.3D simulation of filling behavior and fiber orientation for Long glass fiber reinforced polymer composites during injection molding process[J].Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering,2015,31(10):110-114.
[13]DINH S M,ARMSTRONG R C.A rheological equation state for semi-concentrated fiber suspensions[J].Journal of Rheology,1984,8(3):207-279.
[14]YAMANOI M,MAIA J M.Analysis of rheological properties of fiber suspensions in a Newtonian fluid by direct fiber simulation(Part 3):behavior in uniaxial extensional flows[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2010,165(23):1682-1687.
[15]RAMAZANI A,AIT-KADI A,GRMELA M.Rheological modeling of short fiber thermoplastic composites[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1997,73(3):241-260.
[16]CAO Shan,XIE Shang-ran,LIU Fei,et al.Numerical and experimental analysis of polarization dependent gain vector in Brillouin amplification system[J].Optics Communications,2017,89:23-28.
[17]黄赞.拉伸力场支配作用下植物纤维复合材料混合过程模拟研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.