基于多普勒雷达的降水-蒸发预报模型研究及应用
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摘要
黏土心墙堆石坝在雨季难以有效施工,为解决这一问题,大多工程采用在降雨集中时段暂停施工的方式,从而导致设备及人员闲置、作业效率低、施工成本高等问题。为此,提出以多普勒雷达为基础的降水-蒸发预报模型,定量分析雨季有效施工时间,并建立了精细化的雨季施工体系。模型能够较准确预判坝址区小区域的降雨,指导现场充分利用窗口期开展施工,提高了施工效率,避免了雨季停工及人员设备长时间闲置等情况的出现,确保了雨季填筑强度满足工期要求。该模型在两河口水电站施工中得到有效应用。
The clay core wall rockfill dams are difficult to construct effectively during the rainy season, so suspending construction during rainy season is a common method for most projects, which leads to problems such as idle equipment and manpower, low construction efficiency and high construction cost. A precipitation-evaporation forecasting model based on doppler radar is proposed, which can quantitatively analyze the effective construction time in rainy season, and a refined construction system in rainy season is established. This model can accurately predict the rainfall in dam site area, guide engineers to make full use of the window period to carry out construction, improve construction efficiency, avoid the situation such as shutdown and long idle time of personnel and equipment, and ensure construction progress as planned. It has been effectively applied in the construction of Lianghekou Hydropower Station.
The clay core wall rockfill dams are difficult to construct effectively during the rainy season, so suspending construction during rainy season is a common method for most projects, which leads to problems such as idle equipment and manpower, low construction efficiency and high construction cost. A precipitation-evaporation forecasting model based on doppler radar is proposed, which can quantitatively analyze the effective construction time in rainy season, and a refined construction system in rainy season is established. This model can accurately predict the rainfall in dam site area, guide engineers to make full use of the window period to carry out construction, improve construction efficiency, avoid the situation such as shutdown and long idle time of personnel and equipment, and ensure construction progress as planned. It has been effectively applied in the construction of Lianghekou Hydropower Station.
引文
[1]马洪琪,迟福东.高土石坝安全建设重大技术问题[J]. Engineering,2016,2(4):236-258.
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[3] LI Zhe, YANG Dawen, HONG Yang, et al. Characterizing spatiotemporal variations of hourly rainfall by gauge and radar in the mountainous Three Gorges region[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology&Climatology,2013,53(4):873-889.
[4] THORNDAHL S, EINFALT T, WILLEMS P, et al. Weather radar rainfall data in urban hydrology[J]. Hydrology&Earth System Sciences,2017,21(3):1359-1380.
[5]高晓荣,梁建茵,李春晖.雷达定量降水估计技术及效果评估[J].热带气象学报,2012,28(1):77-88.
[6]田济扬.天气雷达多源数据同化支持下的陆气耦合水文预报[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2017.
[7]肖晨.人工神经网络在雷达定量测量降水中的研究与实现[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2014.
[8]徐士康,唐朝生,李昊达,等.土体水分蒸发模型研究进展[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(4):640-649.
[9] QIU G Y, BENASHER J. Experimental determination of soil evaporation stages with soil surface temperature[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2010,74(1):13-22.
[10] DL/T 5397—2007水利水电工程施工组织设计规范[S].
[2]郭伟,薛香臣.糯扎渡水电站大坝粘土心墙雨季施工技术[J].水利水电技术,2014,45(3):42-43.
[3] LI Zhe, YANG Dawen, HONG Yang, et al. Characterizing spatiotemporal variations of hourly rainfall by gauge and radar in the mountainous Three Gorges region[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology&Climatology,2013,53(4):873-889.
[4] THORNDAHL S, EINFALT T, WILLEMS P, et al. Weather radar rainfall data in urban hydrology[J]. Hydrology&Earth System Sciences,2017,21(3):1359-1380.
[5]高晓荣,梁建茵,李春晖.雷达定量降水估计技术及效果评估[J].热带气象学报,2012,28(1):77-88.
[6]田济扬.天气雷达多源数据同化支持下的陆气耦合水文预报[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2017.
[7]肖晨.人工神经网络在雷达定量测量降水中的研究与实现[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2014.
[8]徐士康,唐朝生,李昊达,等.土体水分蒸发模型研究进展[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(4):640-649.
[9] QIU G Y, BENASHER J. Experimental determination of soil evaporation stages with soil surface temperature[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2010,74(1):13-22.
[10] DL/T 5397—2007水利水电工程施工组织设计规范[S].