喀斯特山地草地资源遥感调查及常态化监测研究——以灌阳县为例
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摘要
以广西壮族自治区桂林市灌阳县为研究区,采用第二次全国土地调查成果和高分辨率遥感影像(Worldview-Ⅰ和Worldview-Ⅱ),叠加数字高程模型(DEM)、坡度和土壤等数据,利用面向对象方法遥感解译获取喀斯特山地草地资源的类型、面积及空间分布,建设灌阳县草地资源调查数据库;通过构建草地资源分类和土地利用现状分类的对应关系,借助第二次全国土地调查的年度变更调查成果,实现了喀斯特山地草地资源调查的常态化监测,拓展第二次全国土地调查及年度变更调查成果的应用领域。结果显示,2012年灌阳县草地资源面积为20829.42hm2,其中热性草丛类面积为711.09hm2,热性灌草丛类面积为16246.76hm2,热性稀树灌草丛类面积为3871.57hm2,与1986年第1次草地资源普查相比减少了32125.05hm2;借助2012-2016年土地利用变更调查成果,实现了灌阳县草地资源调查数据库的动态更新,2016年灌阳县草地资源面积更新为20744.18hm2,与2012年相比减少了85.24hm2。农业结构调整、未利用地开垦和城镇建设用地扩张等人为活动以及山体滑坡等自然灾害导致了灌阳县草地资源面积的减少。通过灌阳县喀斯特山地草地资源遥感调查和土地利用变更调查成果扩展利用的研究,实现了草地资源信息化管理和动态监测,为喀斯特山地草地资源的开发、利用及政府决策提供了可靠的数据基础。
This study reports research conducted in Guanyang county,in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,to compile a database of grassland resources.Based on the results of the second national land survey,high resolution remote sensing images(Worldview-Ⅰand Worldview-Ⅱ)and slope and soil data from the digital elevation model(DEM),we used the object-oriented method to identify the type,area and spatial distribution of grassland resources in the karst mountain area.By the analyzing the correlation between grassland resource classification and land use status classification and the results of the modified second annual national land survey,we successfully normalized the monitoring survey of karst mountain grassland resources and compared the results with the second survey and the annual national land change survey.The data showed that in 2012,the area of grassland resources in Guanyang county was 20829 ha,including 711 ha of tropical tussock,16246 ha of tropical shrub tussock,and 3871 ha tropical shrub tussock,with scattered trees.These areas total 32125 ha less than was recorded in the first grassland resources survey in 1986.Through analysis of the land use change survey results from 2012 to 2016,the database of grassland resources in Guanyang county was updated.The area of grassland resources in Guanyang county in 2016 was 20744 ha,85 ha less than in 2012.Agricultural development,unused land reclamation,urban expansion,and landslides and other natural disasters,were factors contributing to the reduction of the grassland area in Guanyang county.This study provides a scientific basis for the development and utilization of karst mountain grassland resources and government decision making.
This study reports research conducted in Guanyang county,in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,to compile a database of grassland resources.Based on the results of the second national land survey,high resolution remote sensing images(Worldview-Ⅰand Worldview-Ⅱ)and slope and soil data from the digital elevation model(DEM),we used the object-oriented method to identify the type,area and spatial distribution of grassland resources in the karst mountain area.By the analyzing the correlation between grassland resource classification and land use status classification and the results of the modified second annual national land survey,we successfully normalized the monitoring survey of karst mountain grassland resources and compared the results with the second survey and the annual national land change survey.The data showed that in 2012,the area of grassland resources in Guanyang county was 20829 ha,including 711 ha of tropical tussock,16246 ha of tropical shrub tussock,and 3871 ha tropical shrub tussock,with scattered trees.These areas total 32125 ha less than was recorded in the first grassland resources survey in 1986.Through analysis of the land use change survey results from 2012 to 2016,the database of grassland resources in Guanyang county was updated.The area of grassland resources in Guanyang county in 2016 was 20744 ha,85 ha less than in 2012.Agricultural development,unused land reclamation,urban expansion,and landslides and other natural disasters,were factors contributing to the reduction of the grassland area in Guanyang county.This study provides a scientific basis for the development and utilization of karst mountain grassland resources and government decision making.
引文
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[16]Yang S X,Zhang W J,Feng Q S,et al.Monitoring of grassland herbage accumulation by remote sensing using MODIS daily surface reflectance data in the Qingnan Region.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(8):14-26.杨淑霞,张文娟,冯琦胜,等.基于MODIS逐日地表反射率数据的青南地区草地生长状况遥感监测研究.草业学报,2016,25(8):14-26.
[17]Cao X J,Gan Z Z B,Liang Y,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of grassland degradation in northern Tibet based on NDVI.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(3):1-8.曹旭娟,干珠扎布,梁艳,等.基于NDVI的藏北地区草地退化时空分布特征分析.草业学报,2016,25(3):1-8.
[18]Jiang J S.The preliminary approach to Guangxi grassland resources developed and utilized.Pratacultural Science,1996,(1):70-72.蒋建生.广西草地资源开发利用策略初探.草业科学,1996,(1):70-72.
[19]Chen X Q,Tang J C,Li T C,et al.Strategy of Guangxi grassland resources conservation and utilized.South China Agriculture,2015,(18):64-67.陈兴乾,唐积超,李天赐,等.广西草地资源保护与利用策略.南方农业,2015,(18):64-67.
[20]Chen P.The resources of grassland soil and forage in Guangxi.Pratacultural Science,1989,(10):41-44.陈平.广西草地土壤和牧草资源.草业科学,1989,(10):41-44.
[21]Chinese Academy of Sciences,South Mountain Comprehensive Scientific Expedition Team Second.Rational Exploitation and Utilization of Resources in the Mountainous Area of the Northeast of Guangxi.Beijing:Agriculture Press,1988:67-81.中国科学院南方山区综合科学考察队第二分队.桂东北山区资源合理开发利用.北京:农业出版社,1988:67-81.
[22]Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources.Handbook of Natural Resources in China.Beijing:Science Press,1990:217.中国科学院国家计划委员会自然资源综合考察委员会.中国自然资源手册.北京:科学出版社,1990:217.
[23]Animal Husbandry Bureau.Compilation of Grassland Management and Technical Literature.Lanzhou:Gansu Science Press,1989:85-91.农牧渔业部畜牧局.草地管理和技术文献汇编.兰州:甘肃科学出版社,1989:85-91.
[24]Tang C Y,Lu Y.Research on extraction of rice planning area based of on object-oriented classification method.Remote Sensing Information,2010,(1):53-56.汤传勇,卢远.利用面向对象的分类方法提取水稻种植面积.遥感应用,2010,(1):53-56.
[2]Gao W,An M Z,Chao L,et al.Application of 3Stechnology in the investigation of grassland resources in Inner Mongolia.Inner Mongolia Prataculture,2003,(15):8-10.高娃,安卯柱,朝鲁,等.3S技术在内蒙古草地资源面积调查中的应用研究.内蒙古草业,2003,(15):8-10.
[3]Zhang H J,Han Y.Application of 3Stechnology in the comprehensive investigation of grassland remote sensing.Animal Husbandry in Xinjiang,2004,(6):56-58.张洪江,韩燕.3S技术在草地遥感综合调查中的应用.新疆畜牧业,2004,(6):56-58.
[4]Wu Q,Yang B J,Zhang S L,et al.3S-based grassland information system for Western China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2001,(5):142-145.吴全,杨邦杰,张松岭,等.基于3S技术的中国西部草地资源信息系统.农业工程学报,2001,(5):142-145.
[5]Hou X Y.Computer aided grassland cartography with ArcMap software.Geo-information Science,2003,(4):104-109.侯西勇.基于ArcMap的全国草地资源图的研制.地球信息科学,2003,(4):104-109.
[6]Yang C J,Wu G S,Huang H,et al.An analysis of dynamic change of grassland in Sichuan Province based on remote sensing and GIS.Environmental Monitoring in China,2006,(6):75-80.杨存建,吴贵蜀,黄河,等.基于遥感和GIS的四川省草地动态变化分析.中国环境监测,2006,(6):75-80.
[7]Purevdorj T S,Tateishi R,Ishiyama T,et al.Relationship between percent vegetation cover and vegetation indics.International Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,19(18):3519-3535.
[8]Bennouna T,Nejmeddine A,Lefevre M J,et al.Innovative evaluation of field and spatial remote sensing data for analysis of vegetation bio-types in arid rangelands,Taznakht,Moroccan Anti-atlas.Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation,2000,14(1):69-85.
[9]Liu J X.Application of TM image in the investigation of grassland resources:a case study of the remote sensing investigation of Gansu and Qinghai Area.Journal of Desert Research,1993,(1):64-68.刘金祥.TM影像在草地资源调查中的应用——以甘青宁类型区遥感调查为例.中国沙漠,1993,(1):64-68.
[10]Su D X,Liu J H,Zhong H P,et al.A study on remote sensing and other technologies applied in the quick survey of China’s grassland resources.Acta Agrestia Sinica,2005,(1):4-9.苏大学,刘建华,钟华平,等.中国草地资源遥感快查技术方法的研究.草地学报,2005,(1):4-9.
[11]Wang C L,Sa R,Tu L G E,et al.Remote sensing investigation and analysis of grassland resources in Wuhai City.Inner Mongolia Prataculture,2009,(3):18-24.王春兰,萨仁,图力古尔,等.乌海市草地资源遥感调查分析.内蒙古草业,2009,(3):18-24.
[12]Li Y,Yu L P,Chen X R,et al.Evaluation of grassland resources in Jingtai county based on 3Stechnologies.Pratacultural Science,2010,(4):64-68.李昀,俞联平,陈兴荣,等.基于3S技术的景泰县草地资源现状评价.草业科学,2010,(4):64-68.
[13]Sun M,Shen W S,Xie M,et al.The identification of grassland types in the source region of the Yarlung Zangbo River based on spectral features.Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2012,(1):83-89.孙明,沈渭寿,谢敏,等.基于光谱特征的雅鲁藏布江源区草地类型识别.国土资源遥感,2012,(1):83-89.
[14]Zhao F J,Wu H H,Liu Z Y,et al.Application of hyperspectral remote sensing in the biomass monitor of two grassland types in Xilinhot.Acta Agrestia Sinica,2013,(11):1059-1064.赵凤杰,吴惠惠,刘朝阳,等.高光谱遥感在锡林浩特2种草地类型生产力监测中的应用.草地学报,2013,(11):1059-1064.
[15]Wang L,Geng J,Yang R R,et al.Characteristics and application of GF-1image in grassland monitoring.Acta Agrestia Sinica,2015,(9):1093-1100.王磊,耿君,杨冉冉,等.高分一号卫星影像特征及其在草地监测中的应用.草地学报,2015,(9):1093-1100.
[16]Yang S X,Zhang W J,Feng Q S,et al.Monitoring of grassland herbage accumulation by remote sensing using MODIS daily surface reflectance data in the Qingnan Region.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(8):14-26.杨淑霞,张文娟,冯琦胜,等.基于MODIS逐日地表反射率数据的青南地区草地生长状况遥感监测研究.草业学报,2016,25(8):14-26.
[17]Cao X J,Gan Z Z B,Liang Y,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of grassland degradation in northern Tibet based on NDVI.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(3):1-8.曹旭娟,干珠扎布,梁艳,等.基于NDVI的藏北地区草地退化时空分布特征分析.草业学报,2016,25(3):1-8.
[18]Jiang J S.The preliminary approach to Guangxi grassland resources developed and utilized.Pratacultural Science,1996,(1):70-72.蒋建生.广西草地资源开发利用策略初探.草业科学,1996,(1):70-72.
[19]Chen X Q,Tang J C,Li T C,et al.Strategy of Guangxi grassland resources conservation and utilized.South China Agriculture,2015,(18):64-67.陈兴乾,唐积超,李天赐,等.广西草地资源保护与利用策略.南方农业,2015,(18):64-67.
[20]Chen P.The resources of grassland soil and forage in Guangxi.Pratacultural Science,1989,(10):41-44.陈平.广西草地土壤和牧草资源.草业科学,1989,(10):41-44.
[21]Chinese Academy of Sciences,South Mountain Comprehensive Scientific Expedition Team Second.Rational Exploitation and Utilization of Resources in the Mountainous Area of the Northeast of Guangxi.Beijing:Agriculture Press,1988:67-81.中国科学院南方山区综合科学考察队第二分队.桂东北山区资源合理开发利用.北京:农业出版社,1988:67-81.
[22]Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources.Handbook of Natural Resources in China.Beijing:Science Press,1990:217.中国科学院国家计划委员会自然资源综合考察委员会.中国自然资源手册.北京:科学出版社,1990:217.
[23]Animal Husbandry Bureau.Compilation of Grassland Management and Technical Literature.Lanzhou:Gansu Science Press,1989:85-91.农牧渔业部畜牧局.草地管理和技术文献汇编.兰州:甘肃科学出版社,1989:85-91.
[24]Tang C Y,Lu Y.Research on extraction of rice planning area based of on object-oriented classification method.Remote Sensing Information,2010,(1):53-56.汤传勇,卢远.利用面向对象的分类方法提取水稻种植面积.遥感应用,2010,(1):53-56.