简谐转速波动工况下滚动轴承保持架动态特性分析
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摘要
转速波动会恶化滚动轴承内部接触状态,对保持架的动态特性产生重要影响。针对滚动轴承转速周期性波动的特点,将其简化为简谐波动,以圆柱滚子轴承NU306为研究对象,建立了轴承塑性材料柔性接触的非线性动态有限元仿真模型,采用显式LS-DYNA对其在不同转速波动频率和不同转速波动幅度工况下的运行过程进行了动态仿真,获得了圆柱滚子轴承在简谐转速波动下的保持架角速度曲线以及滚子与保持架接触力曲线,分析了不同转速波动频率和波动幅度对保持架动态特性的影响。研究结果表明,保持架角速度曲线的波动周期主要由内圈转速的波动周期决定,且转速波动频率愈大,进出承载区滚子与保持架之间的碰撞次数越多;转速波动幅度愈大,保持架角速度曲线的最大转速值越大,最小转速值越小,平均转速值变化不大,从而保持架角速度曲线的波动范围会明显增大。仿真结果与实验结果吻合良好,验证了所建立有限元模型的正确性。
The rotational speed fluctuation will worsen the internal contact state of roller bearings,whichhas important influence on the dynamic characteristics of cage. Considering the characteristic of periodic fluctua-tion of rotational speed of roller bearings,it is simplified as a simple harmonic wave. Taking cylindrical rollerbearing NU306 as investigation object,a nonlinear dynamic finite element model for plastic material flexiblecontact of a bearing is established. Based on explicit LS-DYNA,the dynamic simulations for nonlinear opera-tion process under different fluctuation frequency and different fluctuation amplitude condition of rotationalspeed are carried out,and the angular speed curve of cage and the contact force curve between roller and cageare obtained. The influences of fluctuation frequency and fluctuation amplitude on the dynamic characteristics ofcage are analyzed. The study results show that the fluctuation period of the angular speed curve of cage is mainlydetermined by the fluctuation period of the rotational speed of inner ring,and the greater fluctuation frequency ofrotational speed,the more the number of collisions between rollers in and out of load zone and cage. The greaterfluctuation amplitude of rotational speed,the greater maximum speed of angular speed curve of cage,and thesmaller minimum speed of angular speed curve of cage,but the change of average speed is very small,so thefluctuation range of angular speed curve of cage will increase obviously. The simulation results are in good agree-ment with the experimental results,and the correctness of the finite element model is verified.
The rotational speed fluctuation will worsen the internal contact state of roller bearings,whichhas important influence on the dynamic characteristics of cage. Considering the characteristic of periodic fluctua-tion of rotational speed of roller bearings,it is simplified as a simple harmonic wave. Taking cylindrical rollerbearing NU306 as investigation object,a nonlinear dynamic finite element model for plastic material flexiblecontact of a bearing is established. Based on explicit LS-DYNA,the dynamic simulations for nonlinear opera-tion process under different fluctuation frequency and different fluctuation amplitude condition of rotationalspeed are carried out,and the angular speed curve of cage and the contact force curve between roller and cageare obtained. The influences of fluctuation frequency and fluctuation amplitude on the dynamic characteristics ofcage are analyzed. The study results show that the fluctuation period of the angular speed curve of cage is mainlydetermined by the fluctuation period of the rotational speed of inner ring,and the greater fluctuation frequency ofrotational speed,the more the number of collisions between rollers in and out of load zone and cage. The greaterfluctuation amplitude of rotational speed,the greater maximum speed of angular speed curve of cage,and thesmaller minimum speed of angular speed curve of cage,but the change of average speed is very small,so thefluctuation range of angular speed curve of cage will increase obviously. The simulation results are in good agree-ment with the experimental results,and the correctness of the finite element model is verified.
引文
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[7]林腾蛟,荣崎,李润方,等.深沟球轴承运转过程动态特性有限元分析[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(1):118-122.
[8]邓四二,谢鹏飞,杨海生,等.高速角接触球轴承保持架柔体动力学分析[J].兵工学报,2011,32(5):625-631.
[9]邓四二,顾金芳,崔永存,等.高速圆柱滚子轴承保持架动力学特性分析[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(1):207-215.
[10]产文兵,姚廷强,谢伟,等.深沟球轴承动力学有限元仿真分析[J].昆明理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,38(5):45-51.
[11]王海同,李铁民,王立平,等.大尺寸球轴承打滑分析及其应用[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(11):41-47.
[12]李猛,李连合,蒋迪永,等.高速圆柱滚子轴承停止阶段打滑特性[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015(6):14-19.
[13]韩勤锴,李峥,褚福磊.基于Euler方程的角接触球轴承打滑动力学模型[J].轴承,2015(7):1-7.
[14]韩勤锴,李兴林,闫国斌,等.变载偏斜圆柱滚子轴承打滑动力学分析[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(9):58-65.
[15]张娟,赵荣珍,于荣鹏,等.不同工况下风电机组主轴轴承动态特性研究[J].机械强度,2017,39(6):1468-1473.
[16]屈驰飞,杨震,谢鹏飞,等.变速运转球轴承保持架的动态性能仿真分析[J].轴承,2017(5):26-29.
[17]孙雪,邓四二,章元军,等.弹性支承下三瓣波滚道圆柱滚子轴承振动特性研究[J].机械传动,2017,41(8):11-18.
[18]LIOULIOS A N,ANTONIADIS I A.Effect of rotational speed fluctuations on the dynamic behaviour of rolling element bearings with radial clearances[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2006,48(8):809-829.
[19]COWPER G R,SYMONDS P S.Strain hardening and strain rate effect in the impact loading of cantilever beams[J].Small Business Economics,1957,31(3):235-263.
[20]HARRIS T A,KOTZALAS M N.Rolling bearing analysis[M].New York:Wiley-Interscience,2001:46-55.
[2]YOSHIDA T,TOZAKI Y,MIYAKE H,et al.Analysis of cage slip in cylindrical roller bearings considering non-newtonian behavior and temperature rise of lubricating oil[J].Journal of Japanese Society of Tribologists,2008,53(11):752-761.
[3]LANIADO-JACOME E,MENESES-ALONSO J,DIAZ-LOPEZ V.A study of sliding between rollers and races in a roller bearing with a numerical model for mechanical event simulations[J].Tribology International,2010,43(11):2175-2182.
[4]XU Tao,XU Guanghua,ZHANF Qing,et al.A preload analytical method for ball bearings utilizing bearing skidding criterion[J].Tribology International,2013,67:44-50.
[5]WANG Yunlong,WANG Wenzhong,ZHANG Shengguang,et al.Investigation of skidding in angular contact ball bearings under high speed[J].Tribology International,2015,92:404-417.
[6]李耀华,宋京伟,孙栋.变速工况下滚动轴承外圈故障振动的模型与仿真[J].华东交通大学学报,2006,23(4):44-46.
[7]林腾蛟,荣崎,李润方,等.深沟球轴承运转过程动态特性有限元分析[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(1):118-122.
[8]邓四二,谢鹏飞,杨海生,等.高速角接触球轴承保持架柔体动力学分析[J].兵工学报,2011,32(5):625-631.
[9]邓四二,顾金芳,崔永存,等.高速圆柱滚子轴承保持架动力学特性分析[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(1):207-215.
[10]产文兵,姚廷强,谢伟,等.深沟球轴承动力学有限元仿真分析[J].昆明理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,38(5):45-51.
[11]王海同,李铁民,王立平,等.大尺寸球轴承打滑分析及其应用[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(11):41-47.
[12]李猛,李连合,蒋迪永,等.高速圆柱滚子轴承停止阶段打滑特性[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015(6):14-19.
[13]韩勤锴,李峥,褚福磊.基于Euler方程的角接触球轴承打滑动力学模型[J].轴承,2015(7):1-7.
[14]韩勤锴,李兴林,闫国斌,等.变载偏斜圆柱滚子轴承打滑动力学分析[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(9):58-65.
[15]张娟,赵荣珍,于荣鹏,等.不同工况下风电机组主轴轴承动态特性研究[J].机械强度,2017,39(6):1468-1473.
[16]屈驰飞,杨震,谢鹏飞,等.变速运转球轴承保持架的动态性能仿真分析[J].轴承,2017(5):26-29.
[17]孙雪,邓四二,章元军,等.弹性支承下三瓣波滚道圆柱滚子轴承振动特性研究[J].机械传动,2017,41(8):11-18.
[18]LIOULIOS A N,ANTONIADIS I A.Effect of rotational speed fluctuations on the dynamic behaviour of rolling element bearings with radial clearances[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2006,48(8):809-829.
[19]COWPER G R,SYMONDS P S.Strain hardening and strain rate effect in the impact loading of cantilever beams[J].Small Business Economics,1957,31(3):235-263.
[20]HARRIS T A,KOTZALAS M N.Rolling bearing analysis[M].New York:Wiley-Interscience,2001:46-55.