古洪水事件识别及古洪水与气候关系研究综述
|
摘要
古洪水事件的识别是古洪水研究的关键手段,古洪水沉积物的野外特征、粒度组成特征及粒度参数、磁化率等,对于识别古洪水事件具有重要的参考价值;另外,古洪水还会造成文化遗存,在河道、文物或岩石上留下洪痕以及造成文化间断,这些都是重要的古洪水证据。该文介绍了古洪水事件的3种识别方法,分别为地貌学方法、沉积学方法和环境考古学方法,讨论了洪水和气候变化的具体机制,有助于深入理解气候变化和古洪水事件及其时间规律性的研究以及洪涝灾害对气候变化的响应规律。
The identification of paleoflood events is the key means of paleoflood research.The field characteristics,grain size composition characteristics,grain size parameters and magnetic susceptibility of paleoflood sediments have important reference value for identifying paleoflood events.Paleoflood also causes cultural relics,leaving flood marks on rivers,cultural relics or rocks and causing cultural discontinuity.These are important evidence of paleoflood.This paper mainly discusses three identification methods:geomorphology,sedimentology and environmental archaeology,which play an active role in determining paleoflood events.Finally,the specific mechanisms of flood and climate change are discussed,which will help us to understand climate change,paleoflood events and their temporal regularity,as well as the response of flood disasters to climate change.
The identification of paleoflood events is the key means of paleoflood research.The field characteristics,grain size composition characteristics,grain size parameters and magnetic susceptibility of paleoflood sediments have important reference value for identifying paleoflood events.Paleoflood also causes cultural relics,leaving flood marks on rivers,cultural relics or rocks and causing cultural discontinuity.These are important evidence of paleoflood.This paper mainly discusses three identification methods:geomorphology,sedimentology and environmental archaeology,which play an active role in determining paleoflood events.Finally,the specific mechanisms of flood and climate change are discussed,which will help us to understand climate change,paleoflood events and their temporal regularity,as well as the response of flood disasters to climate change.
引文
[1]黄春长,庞奖励,查小春,等.黄河流域关中盆地史前大洪水研究——以周原漆水河谷地为例[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011(11):1658-1669.
[2]吴帅虎,庞奖励,黄春长,等.汉江上游河谷古洪水滞流沉积物特征[J].土壤通报,2013(02):271-276.
[3]郝高建,黄春长,刑莹莹,等.黄河晋陕峡谷吉县段全新世古洪水平流沉积特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011(03):106-112.
[4]赵雪如,黄春长,庞奖励,等.黄河上游靖远金坪段全新世古洪水沉积物特征[J].山地学报,2016(02):173-180.
[5]王兆夺,黄春长,李晓刚,等.淮河上游全新世古洪水沉积学特征及古洪水事件气候背景[J].长江流域资源与环境,2018(09):2122-2131.
[6]朱诚,于世永,史威,等.南京江北地区全新世沉积与古洪水研究[J].地理研究,1997(04):24-31.
[7]杨晓燕,夏正楷,崔之久.黄河上游全新世特大洪水及其沉积特征[J].第四纪研究,2005(01):80-85.
[8]Li G,Dong G,Wen L,et al.Overbank flooding and human occupation of the Shalongka site in the Upper Yellow River Valley,northeast Tibet Plateau in relation to climate change since the last deglaciation[J].Quaternary Research,2014,82(2):354-365.
[9]张芸,朱诚.长江三峡大宁河流域大昌地区环境考古[J].科学通报,2008(S1):121-131.
[10]Zhao X,Wang J,Wei M,et al.Optically stimulated luminescence dating of Holocene palaeoflood deposits in the middle reach of the Yongding River,China[J]. Quaternary International,2017,453:S819901727.
[11]Guo Y,Huang C C,Pang J,et al.Investigating extreme flood response to Holocene palaeoclimate in the Chinese monsoonal zone:A palaeoflood case study from the Hanjiang River[J].Geomorphology,2015,238:187-197.
[12]Greenbaum N,Schick A P,Baker V R.The palaeoflood record of a hyperarid catchment,Nahal Zin,Negev Desert,Israel[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2000,25(9):951-971.
[13]Huang Chunchang,Pang Jiangli,Zha Xiaochun,et al. Extraordinary floods of 4100-4000 a BP recorded at the Late Neolithicruins in the Jinghe River Gorges,middle reach of the Yellow River,China[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2010,289(1/2/3/4):1-9.
[14]Ely L L,Enzel Y,Baker V R,KaleV S,Mishra S.Chanres in the magnitude and frequency of Late Holocence monsoon floods on the Narmada River,Central India.Geological Society of America Bulletin,1996,108:1134-1148.
[15]Benito G,Sope?a A,Sánchez-Moya Y,et al.Palaeoflood record of the Tagus River(Central Spain)during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2003,22(15-17):1737-1756.
[16]Kiem A S,Franks S W,Kuczera G.Multi-decadal variability of flood risk[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(2):1035.
[17]冯利华,张强.1998年长江巨洪与厄尔尼诺事件[J].东海海洋,2001(04):13-16.
[18]杨特群,饶素秋,张勇,等.厄尔尼诺与黄河流域汛期降雨洪水的关系分析[J].人民黄河,2007(08):20-21.
[2]吴帅虎,庞奖励,黄春长,等.汉江上游河谷古洪水滞流沉积物特征[J].土壤通报,2013(02):271-276.
[3]郝高建,黄春长,刑莹莹,等.黄河晋陕峡谷吉县段全新世古洪水平流沉积特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011(03):106-112.
[4]赵雪如,黄春长,庞奖励,等.黄河上游靖远金坪段全新世古洪水沉积物特征[J].山地学报,2016(02):173-180.
[5]王兆夺,黄春长,李晓刚,等.淮河上游全新世古洪水沉积学特征及古洪水事件气候背景[J].长江流域资源与环境,2018(09):2122-2131.
[6]朱诚,于世永,史威,等.南京江北地区全新世沉积与古洪水研究[J].地理研究,1997(04):24-31.
[7]杨晓燕,夏正楷,崔之久.黄河上游全新世特大洪水及其沉积特征[J].第四纪研究,2005(01):80-85.
[8]Li G,Dong G,Wen L,et al.Overbank flooding and human occupation of the Shalongka site in the Upper Yellow River Valley,northeast Tibet Plateau in relation to climate change since the last deglaciation[J].Quaternary Research,2014,82(2):354-365.
[9]张芸,朱诚.长江三峡大宁河流域大昌地区环境考古[J].科学通报,2008(S1):121-131.
[10]Zhao X,Wang J,Wei M,et al.Optically stimulated luminescence dating of Holocene palaeoflood deposits in the middle reach of the Yongding River,China[J]. Quaternary International,2017,453:S819901727.
[11]Guo Y,Huang C C,Pang J,et al.Investigating extreme flood response to Holocene palaeoclimate in the Chinese monsoonal zone:A palaeoflood case study from the Hanjiang River[J].Geomorphology,2015,238:187-197.
[12]Greenbaum N,Schick A P,Baker V R.The palaeoflood record of a hyperarid catchment,Nahal Zin,Negev Desert,Israel[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2000,25(9):951-971.
[13]Huang Chunchang,Pang Jiangli,Zha Xiaochun,et al. Extraordinary floods of 4100-4000 a BP recorded at the Late Neolithicruins in the Jinghe River Gorges,middle reach of the Yellow River,China[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2010,289(1/2/3/4):1-9.
[14]Ely L L,Enzel Y,Baker V R,KaleV S,Mishra S.Chanres in the magnitude and frequency of Late Holocence monsoon floods on the Narmada River,Central India.Geological Society of America Bulletin,1996,108:1134-1148.
[15]Benito G,Sope?a A,Sánchez-Moya Y,et al.Palaeoflood record of the Tagus River(Central Spain)during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2003,22(15-17):1737-1756.
[16]Kiem A S,Franks S W,Kuczera G.Multi-decadal variability of flood risk[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(2):1035.
[17]冯利华,张强.1998年长江巨洪与厄尔尼诺事件[J].东海海洋,2001(04):13-16.
[18]杨特群,饶素秋,张勇,等.厄尔尼诺与黄河流域汛期降雨洪水的关系分析[J].人民黄河,2007(08):20-21.