超薄壁回转件旋压后外径在机测量方法研究
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摘要
为准确测量超薄壁回转件旋压后的外径尺寸,提出了一种基于重构横截面轮廓曲线的等效外径在机测量方法。该方法利用周向均布的3套线激光位移传感器与旋轮架的轴向移动模块,获得回转件任意轴向位置横截面的外轮廓数据;通过对3套传感器所获截面数据的坐标变换及数据匹配,实现截面完整轮廓数据的精确拼接,并以离散数据点的保形曲线重构方法重构截面外轮廓曲线,利用同一闭合曲线各变形状态的长度不变性,得到了截面等效外径;分别以芯轴及薄壁回转件开展了外径检测实验。实验结果表明:所提方法可准确测量超薄壁回转件外径,其精度为0.019 mm.
For more precise measurement of outer diameter of spun ultra-thin-walled rotational parts,the on-machine measurement of the equivalent outer diameter based on the reconstructed cross section contour curve is proposed. In this method,three sets of line laser displacement sensors are distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction,and the outer contour data of the cross section of rotational part at any axial position is obtained by using the three sets of line laser displacement sensors and the axial movement module of the spinning roller frame. The complete cross section outer contour data is spliced by the coordinate transformation and matching of the cross section data obtained by the three sensors,the contour curve is reconstructed by the shape preserving curve reconstruction method of discrete data points,and the equivalent outer diameter of the cross section is calculated according to length invariance of the same closed curve. Finally,the outer diameters of the mandrel and the thin-walled rotational parts are measured. The experimental results show that the proposed method can be used to precisely measure the outer diameters of ultra-thin-walled rotational parts with measuring accuracy of 0. 019 mm.
For more precise measurement of outer diameter of spun ultra-thin-walled rotational parts,the on-machine measurement of the equivalent outer diameter based on the reconstructed cross section contour curve is proposed. In this method,three sets of line laser displacement sensors are distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction,and the outer contour data of the cross section of rotational part at any axial position is obtained by using the three sets of line laser displacement sensors and the axial movement module of the spinning roller frame. The complete cross section outer contour data is spliced by the coordinate transformation and matching of the cross section data obtained by the three sensors,the contour curve is reconstructed by the shape preserving curve reconstruction method of discrete data points,and the equivalent outer diameter of the cross section is calculated according to length invariance of the same closed curve. Finally,the outer diameters of the mandrel and the thin-walled rotational parts are measured. The experimental results show that the proposed method can be used to precisely measure the outer diameters of ultra-thin-walled rotational parts with measuring accuracy of 0. 019 mm.
引文
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[17]Chernov N,Huang Q,Ma H.Fitting quadratic curves to data points[J].British Journal of Mathematics&Computer Science,2010,4(1):33-60.
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[2]李邦义,韦疑男,徐汉涛.薄壁柱壳的圆度及三维变形测量技术[J].力学季刊,1999(4):357-364.LI Bang-yi,WEI Yi-nan,XU Han-tao.Measurement techniques for the roundness and three-dimensional deformation of a thinwalled cylindrical shell[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,1999(4):357-364.(in Chinese)
[3]吕延茂.薄壁筒体卧置状态圆度的测量和计算[J].压力容器,2004,21(8):16-21.LYU Yan-mao.Measure and calculation for roundness of thinwalled cylindrical shell in horizontal condition[J].Pressure Vessel Technology,2004,21(8):16-21.(in Chinese)
[4]刘桂华,刘先勇,冯全源,等.大型锻件热态三维结构光在线测量技术[J].光电工程,2010,37(9):91-97.LIU Gui-hua,LIU Xian-yong,FENG Quan-yuan,et al.Online measurement techniques of large forgings in thermal state[J].Opto-Electronic Engineering,2010,37(9):91-97.(in Chinese)
[5]Fu X B,Zhang Y C,Tao K,et al.The outer diameter detection and experiment of the circular forging using laser scanner[J].Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics,2016,128:281-291.
[6]Zhang G Y,Xu X P,Fu X H,et al.The measurement and control of diameter in large-scale part processing[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,129(1/2/3):653-657.
[7]宋甲午,张国玉,徐洪吉,等.大直径的激光扫描在线动态测量系统[J].兵工学报,2000,21(2):132-134.SONG Jia-wu,ZHANG Guo-yu,XU Hong-ji,et al.A laserscanned on-line dynamic measuring system for large diameters[J].Acta Armamentarii,2000,21(2):132-134.(in Chinese)
[8]徐熙平,王黎明,韩强,等.座圈尺寸光电非接触测量系统研究[J].兵工学报,2006,27(6):1119-1121.XU Xi-ping,WANG Li-ming,HAN Qiang,et al.A study on noncontact photoelectric measuring system for the dimension of saddle ring[J].Acta Armamentarii,2006,27(6):1119-1121.(in Chinese)
[9]贲春雨,郑宇,郭蕴纹,等.大尺寸直径非接触光电检测系统研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(1):72-74.BI Chun-yu,ZHENG Yu,GUO Yun-wen,et al.Research on an optical non-contact inspecting system of diameter in large-scale part[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(1):72-74.(in Chinese)
[10]乔杨,徐熙平,卢常丽,等.机器视觉远距离目标尺寸自动标定测量系统研究[J].兵工学报,2012,33(6):759-763.QIAO Yang,XU Xi-ping,LU Chang-li,et al.Study on automatic long-distance dimension measurement system based on machine vision[J].Acta Armamentarii,2012,33(6):759-763.(in Chinese)
[11]梅剑春,叶青,田建国.钢管管端内外径测量系统的设计与实现[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(4):815-821.MEI Jian-chun,YE Qing,TIAN Jian-guo.Design of measurement system for inside and outside diameters of steel pipe[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2014,22(4):815-821.(in Chinese)
[12]张春莹,潘荣江.由整体到局部的平面曲线部分匹配算法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20(7):894-899.ZHANG Chun-ying,PAN Rong-jiang.Global to local partial matching algorithm for planar curves[J].Journal of ComputerAided Design and Computer Graphics,2008,20(7):894-899.(in Chinese)
[13]Saber E,Xu Y,Murat Tekalp A.Partial shape recognition by sub-matrix matching for partial matching guided image labeling[J].Pattern Recognition,2005,38(10):1560-1573.
[14]Horn B K P.Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using unit quaternions[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America A,1987,4(4):629-642.
[15]杨周旺,邓建松,陈发来.基于近似几何误差的动态隐式曲线重构[J].软件学报,2004,15(6):960-970.YANG Zhou-wang,DENG Jian-song,CHEN Fa-lai.Dynamic implicit curve reconstruction based on approximate geometric distance[J].Journal of Software,2004,15(6):960-970(in Chinese)
[16]Yang Z W,Deng J S,Chen F L.Fitting unorganized point clouds with active implicit B-spline curves[J].The Visual Computer,2005,21(8/9/10):831-839.
[17]Chernov N,Huang Q,Ma H.Fitting quadratic curves to data points[J].British Journal of Mathematics&Computer Science,2010,4(1):33-60.
[18]Interian R,Otero J M,Ribeiro C C,et al.Curve and surface fitting by implicit polynomials:optimum degree finding and heuristic refinement[J].Computers&Graphics,2017,67(6):14-23.