不同水平的植物乳杆菌代谢产物对肉鸡生长性能、粪微生物菌群及绒毛形态的影响
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摘要
本试验在日粮中添加不同水平的植物乳杆菌代谢产物,研究其对肉鸡生长性能、粪微生物菌群、挥发性脂肪酸含量及小肠绒毛形态的影响。选择健康、体重一致的1日龄AA肉鸡576只,采用单因素试验设计,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复24只鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮+80 mg/kg新霉素,处理组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4和0.5%不同水平的植物乳杆菌代谢产物。试验共进行42 d。结果显示:0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组较对照组、0.1%、0.3%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了42 d肉鸡末重、总增重和平均日增重(P <0.05),0.1%和0.3%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组较0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了肉鸡饲料转化率(P <0.05)。对照组较各植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了粪中大肠杆菌含量(P <0.05),与0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组相比,对照组、0.1%、0.2%和0.5植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著降低了粪中乙酸含量(P <0.05),0.1%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组较0.3%、0.4%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了粪中丁酸含量(P <0.05)。0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组总挥发性脂肪酸含量最高,显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度显著高于其他各组(P <0.05),0.2%和0.3%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组、0.1%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组(P <0.05),0.2%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组、0.1%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组(P <0.05)。0.1%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组回肠绒毛高度最高(P <0.05)。对照组和0.1%组植物乳杆菌代谢产物十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度显著高于0.4%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组(P <0.05),但对照组回肠隐窝深度最低(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮添加植物乳杆菌代谢产物可以改善肉鸡生长性能,降低粪中大肠杆菌含量,提高小肠绒毛高度和粪中挥发性脂肪酸含量,其中日粮添加0.2%和0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物对肉鸡增重、饲料转化率和绒毛高度的影响最佳。
This study was conducted to evaluate the different levels lactobacillus plantarum metabolite(LPM)on growth performance,fecal microfl ora and intestinal villus morphology. A total of 576 AA broilers aged 1 d were allotted to 6 groups with 4 replicates of 24 broilers. The control group fed with the corn-soybean meal basal diet+ 80 mg/kg neomycin,while the LPM groups added 0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4% and 0.5% lactobacillus plantarum into the basal diet. Results showed that 0.4% LPM group had higher fi nal body weight and body weight gain than the control,0.1%,0.3% and 0.5% groups(P <0.05),0.1% and 0.3% LPM groups had higher feed gain ratio than 0.4% LPM group(P <0.05). The control group had the highest fecal microfl ora(P <0.05). Compared with the 0.4% LPM group,the control,0.1%,0.2% and 0.5% LPM groups had the lowest contents of acetic acid(P <0.05),while the 0.1% LPM group had higher contents of butyric acid than 0.3%,0.4% and 0.5% LPM groups(P <0.05). 0.4% LPM group had the highest villus height in duodenum and ileum(P <0.05),while the villus height of ileum in 0.2% LPM group was higher than the control,0.1% and 0.5% LPM groups(P <0.05). In conclusion,supplementation of lactobacillus plantarum in the diet of broiler chickens at different levels improved growth performance,reduced Escherichia coli counts in feces,and increased small intestine villi height,fecal volatile fatty acids. Dietary addition of 0.4% and 0.2% lactobacillus plantarum had the best results of weight gain,feed conversion ratio and villi height.
This study was conducted to evaluate the different levels lactobacillus plantarum metabolite(LPM)on growth performance,fecal microfl ora and intestinal villus morphology. A total of 576 AA broilers aged 1 d were allotted to 6 groups with 4 replicates of 24 broilers. The control group fed with the corn-soybean meal basal diet+ 80 mg/kg neomycin,while the LPM groups added 0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4% and 0.5% lactobacillus plantarum into the basal diet. Results showed that 0.4% LPM group had higher fi nal body weight and body weight gain than the control,0.1%,0.3% and 0.5% groups(P <0.05),0.1% and 0.3% LPM groups had higher feed gain ratio than 0.4% LPM group(P <0.05). The control group had the highest fecal microfl ora(P <0.05). Compared with the 0.4% LPM group,the control,0.1%,0.2% and 0.5% LPM groups had the lowest contents of acetic acid(P <0.05),while the 0.1% LPM group had higher contents of butyric acid than 0.3%,0.4% and 0.5% LPM groups(P <0.05). 0.4% LPM group had the highest villus height in duodenum and ileum(P <0.05),while the villus height of ileum in 0.2% LPM group was higher than the control,0.1% and 0.5% LPM groups(P <0.05). In conclusion,supplementation of lactobacillus plantarum in the diet of broiler chickens at different levels improved growth performance,reduced Escherichia coli counts in feces,and increased small intestine villi height,fecal volatile fatty acids. Dietary addition of 0.4% and 0.2% lactobacillus plantarum had the best results of weight gain,feed conversion ratio and villi height.
引文
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[9]Pascual M,Hugas M,Badiola J I et al.L.salivarius CTC2197prevents Salmonella enteritidis colonization in chickens[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1999,65:4981~4986.
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[13]Wegener H C.Use of antimicrobial growth promoters in food animals:the risks outweigh the benefits[M].In:Antimicrobial Growth Promoters,Wageningen Academic Publishers,Wageningen,the Netherlands,2006,53~58.
[2]Butaye P,Devriese L A,Haesebrouck F.Antimicrobial growth promoters used in animal feed:effects of less well known antibiotics on gram-positive bacteria[J].Clinical Microbiology Reviews,2003,16:175~188.
[3]Chesson A.Phasing out antibiotic feed additives in the EU:worldwide relevance for food production[M].In:Antimicrobial Growth Promoters,Wageningen Academic Publishers,Wageningen,the Netherlands,2006,69~79.
[4]Foo H L,Loh T C,Lai P W et al.Effects of adding L.plantarum I-UL4 metabolites in drinking water of rats[J].Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,2003,2:283~288.
[5]Gibson G R,Fuller R.Aspects of in vitro and in vivo research approaches directed toward identifying probiotics and probiotics for human use[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2000,130:391~392.
[6]Jin L Z,Ho Y W,Abdulah N et al.Growth performance,intestinal microbial populations,and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures[J].Poultry Science,1998,77:1259~1265.
[7]Loh T C,Lim H C,Bahaman A B et al.Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli infections in diarroeic piglets[J].Journal of Veterinary Malaysia,2006,18:17~20.
[8]Ogunbanwo S T,Sanni A I,Onilude A A.Influence of bacteriocin in the control of Escherichia coli infection of broiler chickens in Nigeria[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2004,20:51~56.
[9]Pascual M,Hugas M,Badiola J I et al.L.salivarius CTC2197prevents Salmonella enteritidis colonization in chickens[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1999,65:4981~4986.
[10]Podolsky D K.Regulation of intestinal epithelial proliferation:a few answers,many question.American Journal of PhysiologyGastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,1993,264:179~186.
[11]Reid G.Probiotic agents to protect the urogenital tract against infection[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2000,73:437~443.
[12]Savadogo A,Ouattara C A,Bassole I H et al.Antimicrobial activities of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from Burkina Faso fermented milk[J].Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,2004,3:174~179.
[13]Wegener H C.Use of antimicrobial growth promoters in food animals:the risks outweigh the benefits[M].In:Antimicrobial Growth Promoters,Wageningen Academic Publishers,Wageningen,the Netherlands,2006,53~58.