河北省成年人乙肝疫苗接种率影响因素研究
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摘要
目的了解河北省成年人群乙肝疫苗接种情况,分析影响乙肝疫苗接种的因素,为乙肝的预防控制提供参考依据。方法运用多阶段整群系统随机抽样方法,抽取河北省22个县区内的18～60岁常驻居民进行面对面问卷调查。运用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归模型分析影响乙肝疫苗接种率的主要因素。结果河北省成年人乙肝疫苗接种率为14.70%(390/2 653)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,调查对象的年龄、职业、居住地、文化程度以及暴露于有偿献血、针灸治疗、长期与乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性成员一起生活是影响成年人乙肝疫苗接种的因素。结论河北省成年人群乙肝疫苗接种率低,应着重对成年人中较高年龄人群、农民以及高危人群实施科学的乙肝疫苗接种知识的宣传教育。
Objective To understand the current coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine among adults in Hebei Province and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 653 residents aged 18-60 years and randomly selected from 22 counties in Hebei using multistage stratified random cluster sampling method.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for data statistical analysis. Results The overall coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine among adults was 14.70%(390/2 653).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, occupation, residential area, education, as well as paid blood donation, acupuncture treatment and living with HBsAg positive individuals were influencing factors for the vaccine coverage rate. Conclusions The coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine is low among adult in Hebei.Health education on hepatis B vaccination should be strengthened especially among farmers, older residents and individuals with high risk of HBV infection.
Objective To understand the current coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine among adults in Hebei Province and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 653 residents aged 18-60 years and randomly selected from 22 counties in Hebei using multistage stratified random cluster sampling method.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for data statistical analysis. Results The overall coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine among adults was 14.70%(390/2 653).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, occupation, residential area, education, as well as paid blood donation, acupuncture treatment and living with HBsAg positive individuals were influencing factors for the vaccine coverage rate. Conclusions The coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine is low among adult in Hebei.Health education on hepatis B vaccination should be strengthened especially among farmers, older residents and individuals with high risk of HBV infection.
引文
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[2] De Paschale M,Manco MT,Belvisi L,et al.Prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus infection or vaccination in HBsAg-negative subjects[J].Blood Trasfus,2012,10(3):344-350.
[3] Wasley A,Kruszon-Moran D,Kuhnert W,et al.The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States in the era of vaccination[J].J Infect Dis,2010,202(2):192-201.
[4] 齐小秋,王宇.全国人群乙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2011.
[5] 中华医学会肝病学分会,中华医学会感染病学分会.慢性乙型肝炎防治指南(2015年更新版)[J].临床肝胆病杂志,2015,31(12):1941-1960.
[6] 高招.河北省乙型肝炎病毒感染血清流行病学特征分析[D].石家庄:河北医科大学,2013.
[7] 唐玥,杨益,李瑾慧,等.军队乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种成本-效益分析[J].中国卫生经济,2018,37(1):90-93.
[8] Zheng H,Wang FZ,Zhang GM,et al.An economic analysis of adult hepatitis B vaccination in China[J].Vaccine,2015,33(48):6831-6839.
[9] Kuan RK,Janssen R,Heyward W,et al.Cost-effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination using HEPLISAV in selected adult populations compared to Engerix-B vaccine[J].Vaccine,2013,31(37):4024-4032.
[10] 朱大伟,郭娜,王健.农村地区成人乙肝疫苗主动接种行为及意愿分析[J].中国卫生统计,2013,30(2):203-205.
[11] 苏彦萍,王宝兰,刘秀军,等.北京市通州区20岁以上人群乙肝疫苗接种率影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(21):3999-4002.
[12] 世界卫生组织.病毒性肝炎感染的预防与控制:全球行动框架[EB/OL].[2018-05-04].http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/130012/WHO_HSE_PED_HIP_GHP_2012.1_chi.pdf;jsessionid=3A7117444A4A5-CD30C8F5C9AB181B9D6 sequence=3.
[13] 赵丹,李晓梅,张红,等.北京高校乙肝疫苗服务与新生接种需求调查研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(11):835-838.
[14] 刘甲野,吕静静,颜丙玉,等.农村居民乙肝防治知识、态度和行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2013,29(11):1561-1564.
[15] 刘彩.农村成人乙肝疫苗接种服务可及性研究[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(8):1034-1037.
[16] 吴昊澄,林君芬,吴晨,等.2013年浙江省部分传染病报告率与真实发病水平分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(3):187-190.
[17] 宋姝娟,黄春萍,刘牧文.杭州市2005-2012年乙型病毒性肝炎发病特征和报告质量分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(1):52-56.
[18] 于艳丽,杨海东,余运贤.北仑区乙肝患者家属主动接种乙肝疫苗现状及其影响因素调查[J].预防医学,2016,28(5):498-499.
[19] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.The adult hepatitis vaccine project-california,2007-2008[J].MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2010,59(17):514-516.
[20] Yang S,Ding C,Cui Y,et al.Prevalence and influencing factors of hepatitis B among a rural residential population in Zhejiang Province,China:a cross-sectional study[J].BMJ Open,2017,7(4):e014947.