淹水对水紫树生长和生理特性的影响
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摘要
通过人工模拟淹水环境,对2年生水紫树进行生长和生理特性观测与分析,以期为水紫树的耐涝性研究的提供理论参考,也为我国沿海和涝害地区耐水湿树种的筛选提供理论依据。结果表明:淹水促进了水紫树地上部分生长,淹水60 d苗木侧根和须根数量明显减少,大量不定根形成,且成活率为100%;0～30 d水紫树可溶性糖含量与对照无显著差异,后期显著高于对照(P <0.01); ADH活性从淹水第10 d开始上升,至第50 d的最大值1.24 U/mL,随后下降,但仍显著高于对照(P <0.01);SOD活性显著高于对照(P <0.01),呈先上升后下降的趋势;POD在面对淹水时表现不敏感,其酶活性高于对照,但无显著差异(P> 0.05);整个淹水过程中,H_2O_2的含量显著高于对照(P <0.01),并处于一个稳定的状态;MDA含量在第10 d之后,淹水处理显著高于对照(P <0.05),整体呈"M"型趋势。
Growth and physiological characteristics of two-year-old Nyssa aquatica were observed and analyzed by artificial simulating waterflooding environment. In order to provide a theoretical reference for the study of the tolerance of N.aquatica, it also provides a theoretical basis for the screening of water-resistant and wet tree species in coastal areas of China. The results show that: the waterflooding promoted the aboveground growth of the N.aquatica. The number of lateral roots and fibrous roots of the 60 d seedlings was significantly reduced, and a large number of adventitious roots were formed, and the survival rate was 100%; The soluble sugar content of N.aquatica was not significantly different from the control from 0 to 30 days, but it was significantly higher than the control at the later stage(P < 0.01); Alcohol dehydrogenase activity(ADH) began to rise steadily from the 10 th day after waterflooding to a maximum of 1.24 U/mL on the 50 th day, and then decreased, but still higher than the control(P < 0.01); SOD activity was significantly higher than that of the control(P < 0.01), which increased first and then decreased; POD activity was not sensitive in the face of waterflooding stress, and its enzyme activity was higher than that of the control, but there was no significant difference(P > 0.05); During the whole waterflooding process, the content of H2 O2 was significantly higher than that of the control and was in a stable state; After the 10 th day, the MDA content was significantly higher than that of the control(P < 0.01), and the overall trend was "M".
Growth and physiological characteristics of two-year-old Nyssa aquatica were observed and analyzed by artificial simulating waterflooding environment. In order to provide a theoretical reference for the study of the tolerance of N.aquatica, it also provides a theoretical basis for the screening of water-resistant and wet tree species in coastal areas of China. The results show that: the waterflooding promoted the aboveground growth of the N.aquatica. The number of lateral roots and fibrous roots of the 60 d seedlings was significantly reduced, and a large number of adventitious roots were formed, and the survival rate was 100%; The soluble sugar content of N.aquatica was not significantly different from the control from 0 to 30 days, but it was significantly higher than the control at the later stage(P < 0.01); Alcohol dehydrogenase activity(ADH) began to rise steadily from the 10 th day after waterflooding to a maximum of 1.24 U/mL on the 50 th day, and then decreased, but still higher than the control(P < 0.01); SOD activity was significantly higher than that of the control(P < 0.01), which increased first and then decreased; POD activity was not sensitive in the face of waterflooding stress, and its enzyme activity was higher than that of the control, but there was no significant difference(P > 0.05); During the whole waterflooding process, the content of H2 O2 was significantly higher than that of the control and was in a stable state; After the 10 th day, the MDA content was significantly higher than that of the control(P < 0.01), and the overall trend was "M".
引文
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[2]马晋荣.垂柳病虫害防治技术[J].山西林业,2017(3):46-47.
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[11]汪贵斌,曹福亮,张晓燕,等.涝渍胁迫对不同树种生长和能量代谢酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(3):590-596.
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[14]庞宏东,付达夫,胡兴宜,等.淹水胁迫对夹竹桃主要生理生化特性的影响[J].湖北林业科技,2015(4):1-4.
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[16]GE Y,HE X,WANG J,et al.Physiological and biochemical responses of Phoebe bournei seedlings to water stress and recovery[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2014,36(5):1241-1250.
[17]张慧琴,马常念,谢鸣,等.东溪小仙桃对淹水胁迫的生理响应[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(6):976-980.
[18]刘娟,田维,马煜,等.淹水胁迫下山桑和蒙桑的生理生化指标响应研究[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2017,14(6):13-17,71.
[19]王义强,谷文众,姚水攀,等.淹水胁迫下银杏主要生化指标的变化[J].中南林学院学报,2005,25(4):85.
[20]XU L,PAN Y,YU F.Effects of water-stress on growth and physiological changes in Pterocarya stenoptera,seedlings[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,190:11-23.
[21]王丽,李瑞莲,周仲华,等.植物抗涝性研究进展[J].作物研究,2013,27(1):75-80.
[22]汪贵斌,曹福亮.盐胁迫对落羽杉生理及生长的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(3):11-14.
[23]郑松发,陈玉军,陈文沛,等.深水裸滩红树植物与落羽杉生长适应性研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(5):654-659.
[24]唐罗忠,徐锡增,方升佐.土壤涝渍对杨树和柳树苗期生长及生理性状影响的研究[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(5):471-474.
[25]YAMAMOTO F.Effects of depth of flooding on growth and anatomy of stems and knee roots of Taxodium distichum[J].IAWA Bulletin,1992,13(1):93-104.
[26]金晶,陈桂桥,朱芳,等.银木淹水后生长量及生理变化的研究[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(6):25-26,65.
[27]SAUTER M.Root responses to flooding[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2013,16(3):282.
[28]刘雪,彭冶,范俊俊,等.淹水胁迫对湖北海棠生长和生理特性的影响[J].经济林研究,2018,36(1):35-42.
[29]郑彩霞,孙广玉,谢寅峰,等.植物生理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2013:224-225.
[2]马晋荣.垂柳病虫害防治技术[J].山西林业,2017(3):46-47.
[3]季琳琳,方建民.两种耐水湿树种光合作用及其影响因子初探[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015(1):55-59.
[4]陈益泰,王军,束云山,等.美国紫树属树种引种研究[J].林业科学研究,2007,20(2):198-203.
[5]武松河.优秀湿地树种--水紫树[J].花木盆景(花卉园艺),2013(10):5.
[6]朱立春.树:全世界300种树的彩色图鉴[M].北京:中国华侨出版社,2013:348-349.
[7]傅品幸,林冬青.3种新型彩叶乔木应用推广研究[J].中国园艺文摘,2015,31(2):83-85.
[8]王轶浩,罗韧.高温环境下三峡库区引进树种水紫树(Nyssa aquatic)的光响应[J].四川林业科技,2013,34(4):10-13.
[9]孔祥生,易现峰.植物生理学实验技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:257-259.
[10]KREUZWIESER J,RENNENBERG H.Molecular and physiological responses of trees to waterlogging stress[J].Plant Cell&Environment,2014,37(10):2245.
[11]汪贵斌,曹福亮,张晓燕,等.涝渍胁迫对不同树种生长和能量代谢酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(3):590-596.
[12]PORTO B N,ALVES J D,MAGALH?ES P C,et al.CalciumDependent Tolerant Response of Cell Wall in Maize Mesocotyl Under Flooding Stress[J].Journal of Agronomy&Crop Science,2013,199(2):134-143.
[13]李志辉,李柏海,祁承经,等.我国南方珍贵用材树种资源的重要性及其发展策略[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(11):1-8.
[14]庞宏东,付达夫,胡兴宜,等.淹水胁迫对夹竹桃主要生理生化特性的影响[J].湖北林业科技,2015(4):1-4.
[15]BLOKHINA O,VIROLAINEN E,FAGERSTEDT K V.Antioxidants,oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress:a review[J].Annals of Botany,2003,91(2):179.
[16]GE Y,HE X,WANG J,et al.Physiological and biochemical responses of Phoebe bournei seedlings to water stress and recovery[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2014,36(5):1241-1250.
[17]张慧琴,马常念,谢鸣,等.东溪小仙桃对淹水胁迫的生理响应[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(6):976-980.
[18]刘娟,田维,马煜,等.淹水胁迫下山桑和蒙桑的生理生化指标响应研究[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2017,14(6):13-17,71.
[19]王义强,谷文众,姚水攀,等.淹水胁迫下银杏主要生化指标的变化[J].中南林学院学报,2005,25(4):85.
[20]XU L,PAN Y,YU F.Effects of water-stress on growth and physiological changes in Pterocarya stenoptera,seedlings[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,190:11-23.
[21]王丽,李瑞莲,周仲华,等.植物抗涝性研究进展[J].作物研究,2013,27(1):75-80.
[22]汪贵斌,曹福亮.盐胁迫对落羽杉生理及生长的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(3):11-14.
[23]郑松发,陈玉军,陈文沛,等.深水裸滩红树植物与落羽杉生长适应性研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(5):654-659.
[24]唐罗忠,徐锡增,方升佐.土壤涝渍对杨树和柳树苗期生长及生理性状影响的研究[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(5):471-474.
[25]YAMAMOTO F.Effects of depth of flooding on growth and anatomy of stems and knee roots of Taxodium distichum[J].IAWA Bulletin,1992,13(1):93-104.
[26]金晶,陈桂桥,朱芳,等.银木淹水后生长量及生理变化的研究[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(6):25-26,65.
[27]SAUTER M.Root responses to flooding[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2013,16(3):282.
[28]刘雪,彭冶,范俊俊,等.淹水胁迫对湖北海棠生长和生理特性的影响[J].经济林研究,2018,36(1):35-42.
[29]郑彩霞,孙广玉,谢寅峰,等.植物生理学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2013:224-225.