南药岗梅本草溯源
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摘要
岗梅主产于华南地区,作为地方习用药材,其地方习称较多。其正式品名的医书记载始见于清·何克谏所著的《生草药性备要》,名"岗梅根"。经本草溯源考证,认为岗梅为冬青科植物岗梅[Ilex asprella(Hook.et Arn.)Champ.ex Benth.]的干燥根,味苦、微甘,性凉,归肺、胃经。功能清热解毒、生津止渴、利咽消肿、散瘀止痛。药用部位以根、茎为主,主治病种多,为凉茶主要原料;叶部亦入药,主要作外用,主治跌打损伤、痈疖肿毒。主要生长于荒山、坡地、疏林下或灌木丛中;分布于广东、广西、湖南、浙江、江西、福建、台湾等省区,主产于广东、广西。岗梅的临床主治病种多,但临床应用偏少,主要作为凉茶原料使用,需加强临床与实验研究,促进临床的应用推广。
As a local conventional herb,Gangmei is mainly produced from South China and has several conventional names. Its formal name was firstly recorded as"Gangmeigen"in A Handbook of Nature of Raw Herbs written by HE Kejian in Qing Dynasty. The results of herbal species tracing and textual research indicated that Gangmei is the dry root of Ilex asprella(Hook.et Arn.)Champ.ex Benth.,with bitter and slightly sweat in the flavor and with cool nature. Gangmei has lung and liver meridian tropism,and possesses the actions of clearing heat and removing toxicity,producing fluid and activating blood. The main medicinal parts of Gangmei are the roots and stems,which have various therapeutic indications and are the main source of herbal tea. The leaves of Gangmei are also used as the medicine for external application,and are mainly used for the treatment of traumatic injury,carbuncle,furuncle,and pyogenic infection. Gangmei mainly grows in the barren hills,sloping fields,thin forest or the bushes,distributed in provinces of Guangdong,Guangxi,Hunan,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,Fujian,Taiwan,etc. Although Gangmei has various therapeutic indications,it is not widely used in clinic but is mainly used as the source of herbal tea. Therefore,it is needed to strengthen the clinical and experimental research of Gangmei,and to promote its clinical application.
As a local conventional herb,Gangmei is mainly produced from South China and has several conventional names. Its formal name was firstly recorded as"Gangmeigen"in A Handbook of Nature of Raw Herbs written by HE Kejian in Qing Dynasty. The results of herbal species tracing and textual research indicated that Gangmei is the dry root of Ilex asprella(Hook.et Arn.)Champ.ex Benth.,with bitter and slightly sweat in the flavor and with cool nature. Gangmei has lung and liver meridian tropism,and possesses the actions of clearing heat and removing toxicity,producing fluid and activating blood. The main medicinal parts of Gangmei are the roots and stems,which have various therapeutic indications and are the main source of herbal tea. The leaves of Gangmei are also used as the medicine for external application,and are mainly used for the treatment of traumatic injury,carbuncle,furuncle,and pyogenic infection. Gangmei mainly grows in the barren hills,sloping fields,thin forest or the bushes,distributed in provinces of Guangdong,Guangxi,Hunan,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,Fujian,Taiwan,etc. Although Gangmei has various therapeutic indications,it is not widely used in clinic but is mainly used as the source of herbal tea. Therefore,it is needed to strengthen the clinical and experimental research of Gangmei,and to promote its clinical application.
引文
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[8]《中药辞海》编写组.中药辞海(第二卷)[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1993:277-278.
[9]萧步丹.岭南采药录[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2009:38.
[10]胡真.山草药指南[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2009:65,136.
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[12]福建省龙溪专区革命委员会民政卫生组.实用中草药[M].福建省龙溪专区革命委员会民政卫生组,1970:278-279.
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[15]福建医药研究所.福建药物志[M].福州:福建人民出版社,1979:286-287.
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[18]广东省中医药研究所,华南植物研究所.岭南草药志[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1961:112.
[19]广东中草药选编小组.广东中草药[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1969:837.
[20]中国科学院华南植物研究所.广东植物志(第五卷)[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2003:410.
[21]广东省食品药品监督管理局.广东省中药材标准(第一册)[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2004:111-113.
[22]江苏新医学院.中药大辞典[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1977:1122.
[23]李经纬,余瀛鳌,欧永欣,等.中医大辞典[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:868.
[24]蔡永敏.中药药名辞典[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,1996:169.
[25]袁钟.中医辞海[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1995:158.
[26]叶定江,原思通.中药炮制学辞典[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:269.
[2]辛晓芳,林爱华,梅全喜,等.广东地产药材岗梅的药理作用及临床应用研究进展[J].时珍国医国药,2015,26(1):196-197.
[3]梅全喜.广东地产药材研究[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2011:346-348.
[4]曾坤,陈良华,丘琴,等.岗梅根的研究进展[J].中国民族民间医药,2012(18):28-29.
[5]广东省出版集团.生草药性备要[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2009:27.
[6]吴其濬.植物名实图考[M].北京:商务印书馆,1957:779.
[7]程超寰.本草释名考订[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2013:211-212.
[8]《中药辞海》编写组.中药辞海(第二卷)[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1993:277-278.
[9]萧步丹.岭南采药录[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2009:38.
[10]胡真.山草药指南[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2009:65,136.
[11]广州部队后勤部卫生部.常用中草药手册[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1969:162.
[12]福建省龙溪专区革命委员会民政卫生组.实用中草药[M].福建省龙溪专区革命委员会民政卫生组,1970:278-279.
[13]《全国中草药汇编》编写组.全国中草药汇编[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1975:438-439.
[14]广西僮族自治区卫生厅.广西中药志(第一集)[M].南宁:广西僮族自治区人民出版社,1959:424-425.
[15]福建医药研究所.福建药物志[M].福州:福建人民出版社,1979:286-287.
[16]浙江药用植物志编写组.浙江药用植物志[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,1980:740-741.
[17]湖南中医学院,湖南省中医药研究所.湖南农村常用中草药手册[M].湖南人民出版社,1959:424-425.
[18]广东省中医药研究所,华南植物研究所.岭南草药志[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1961:112.
[19]广东中草药选编小组.广东中草药[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1969:837.
[20]中国科学院华南植物研究所.广东植物志(第五卷)[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2003:410.
[21]广东省食品药品监督管理局.广东省中药材标准(第一册)[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2004:111-113.
[22]江苏新医学院.中药大辞典[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1977:1122.
[23]李经纬,余瀛鳌,欧永欣,等.中医大辞典[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:868.
[24]蔡永敏.中药药名辞典[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,1996:169.
[25]袁钟.中医辞海[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1995:158.
[26]叶定江,原思通.中药炮制学辞典[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:269.