不同栽培调控措施对西南中山地区玄参产量的影响
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摘要
目的:研究密度(种植密度、窝栽子芽个数、子芽芽头数)、栽培方式(垄作、平畦、履膜)及田间管理措施(间苗、培土、打顶)对玄参产量的影响,以期为玄参高产种植提供理论依据。方法:采用单因子设计,SPSS软件进行方差分析。结果:种植密度对玄参的产量具有显著的影响,随着种植密度增加,总产量逐渐增加,但单株块根产量和植株成活率呈下降趋势,综合考虑玄参种植密度以每公顷种植11.12万株为佳。兼顾植株成活率与产量,窝栽2～3个子芽为宜。1～3个芽头数的产量差异不大,以选择单芽做种栽最好。栽培方式中,垄作栽培较平畦栽培增产14%,履膜对玄参的产量影响不大。田间管理措施中,间苗能显著增产;培土不利于块根膨大,实际生产中以不培土或浅培土为宜;花绽放时期,全打顶能显著增产。结论:获得的最佳栽培调控措施可为玄参生产提供参考依据。
Objective:To study the effect of density(planting density,seedling number,seedling bud number),cultural method(ridge cultivation,bedding cultivation,plastic film mulching)and field management measures(thinning,earth up,topping)on the yield of Scrophularia ningpoensis,and provide theoretical basis for high yield cultivation of S.ningpoensis.Methods:Single factor design was adopted.Analysis of variance was performed to the results of the experiment with the SPSS statistical software.Results:The results showed that plant density had significant effect on the yield.With the increase of planting density,the total yield increased gradually,but the yield of single plant root and the survival rate of plant decreased.Therefore,it was considered that planting density was better for planting 110 000 plants per hectare.Take account of survival percent and yield,it was appropriate to plant 2-3 seedling per nest.There was little difference in the yield of 1-3 seedling bud and it would be best to plant single bud.In cultural method, ridge cultivation could increase yield by 14% as compared with bedding cultivation and plastic film mulching had little effected on yield.In the field management measures,thinning significantly increased the yield.Earth up was not conducive to root enlargement,in the actual production,it would be appropriate to non-earth up or shallow-earth up.During the bloom period,full topping significantly increased the yield.Conclusion:The best cultivation regulation measures obtained in this paper can provide reference for production of S.ningpoensis in southwest middle mountain area of China.
Objective:To study the effect of density(planting density,seedling number,seedling bud number),cultural method(ridge cultivation,bedding cultivation,plastic film mulching)and field management measures(thinning,earth up,topping)on the yield of Scrophularia ningpoensis,and provide theoretical basis for high yield cultivation of S.ningpoensis.Methods:Single factor design was adopted.Analysis of variance was performed to the results of the experiment with the SPSS statistical software.Results:The results showed that plant density had significant effect on the yield.With the increase of planting density,the total yield increased gradually,but the yield of single plant root and the survival rate of plant decreased.Therefore,it was considered that planting density was better for planting 110 000 plants per hectare.Take account of survival percent and yield,it was appropriate to plant 2-3 seedling per nest.There was little difference in the yield of 1-3 seedling bud and it would be best to plant single bud.In cultural method, ridge cultivation could increase yield by 14% as compared with bedding cultivation and plastic film mulching had little effected on yield.In the field management measures,thinning significantly increased the yield.Earth up was not conducive to root enlargement,in the actual production,it would be appropriate to non-earth up or shallow-earth up.During the bloom period,full topping significantly increased the yield.Conclusion:The best cultivation regulation measures obtained in this paper can provide reference for production of S.ningpoensis in southwest middle mountain area of China.
引文
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[10] 李乾碧,严飞,吕俊明.不同栽培密度与海拔对道真玄参产量的影响[J].农技服务,2010,27(2):273-274.
[2] 邹宗成,向开栋.底肥种类与栽培方式对玄参产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2004(5):75-77.
[3] 纪薇,梁宗锁,姜在民,等.玄参高产栽培优化配方施肥技术研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(2):170-174.
[4] 吴云.玄参的主要病虫害及防治技术[J].植物医生,2006,19(6):30-32.
[5] 陈大霞,李隆云,宋春泉,等.几种药剂防治玄参斑枯病药效试验[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(22):13340-13341,13403.
[6] 刘承伟,毕志明,祝艳斐,等.玄参中4种主要活性成分的HPLC定量分析[J].中国药学杂志,2007,42(2l):1614-1616.
[7] 李静,赖道万,孙文基.高效液相色谱法测定中药玄参中4种环烯醚萜苷类成分的含量[J].药物分析杂志,2005,25(12):1531-1533.
[8] 陈大霞,李隆云,彭锐,等.玄参3种栽培类型遗传关系和遗传多样性的SRAP研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(2):138-141.
[9] 陈大霞,张雪,王钰,等.应用SCoT标记分析玄参种质资源的遗传多样性[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(16):2368-2372.
[10] 李乾碧,严飞,吕俊明.不同栽培密度与海拔对道真玄参产量的影响[J].农技服务,2010,27(2):273-274.