孤独症谱系障碍幼儿的气质特点研究
|
摘要
目的对1~3岁孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)幼儿的气质特点进行研究,为其发现、干预提供依据。方法通过和正常幼儿气质常模的对比,对1~3岁ASD幼儿的气质特点进行研究。结果 ASD幼儿气质以E型、I-E型为主,但所占比例明显下降。该研究发现ASD幼儿除节律性外,其余8个维度与正常幼儿比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);9个气质维度的性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而反应强度、注意分散及反应阈分值与年龄呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 ASD幼儿气质维度与正常幼儿存在明显差异,有助于早期发现ASD。
Objective To study the temperament characteristics of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)toddlers and provide some references for early detection and intervention. Method The temperament of ASD toddlers was studied and compared with the temperament norm of normal toddlers. Results ASD toddlers' temperament was given priority to with E,I-E,but the proportion decreased significantly.ASD toddlers' temperament dimensions were significantly differed from normal children's(P<0.01),except rhythmicity.The gender difference of temperament dimensions of ASD toddlers was not statistically different(P>0.05),but responsion intense,distract and threshold dimensions were positively relevant with age(P<0.05). Conclusion ASD toddlers' temperament obviously differed from normal toddlers',which contributes the earlier detection of ASD.
Objective To study the temperament characteristics of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)toddlers and provide some references for early detection and intervention. Method The temperament of ASD toddlers was studied and compared with the temperament norm of normal toddlers. Results ASD toddlers' temperament was given priority to with E,I-E,but the proportion decreased significantly.ASD toddlers' temperament dimensions were significantly differed from normal children's(P<0.01),except rhythmicity.The gender difference of temperament dimensions of ASD toddlers was not statistically different(P>0.05),but responsion intense,distract and threshold dimensions were positively relevant with age(P<0.05). Conclusion ASD toddlers' temperament obviously differed from normal toddlers',which contributes the earlier detection of ASD.
引文
[1]吴田英,翟晓蔚,毛红芳.儿童气质研究与进展[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2010,31(12):1938-1939.
[2]Thomas A,Chess S.Temperament and behavioral disorder in children[M].NewYork:New York University Press,1968.
[3]Chakrabarti S,Fombonne E.Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children[J].Journal of the American Medical Association,2001,285(24):3093-3099.
[4]马欣荣,方建群.孤独症儿童气质特征及颜色偏好实验研究[J].银川:宁夏医科大学,2012.
[5]李建华,蔡兰云,邹时朴.儿童孤独症268例病因分析[J].南昌大学学报:医学版,2010,50(5):100-104.
[6]孟昭兰.婴儿心理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1997.
[7]邬方彦,周文浩,徐秀.儿童孤独症的流行病学[J].中国实用儿科杂志,2008,23(3):161-163.
[8]李雪飞.自闭症儿童的早期干预[J].上海大众科学,2007,9(1):20-21.
[9]姚丽,贾美香,黄慧桃,等.孤独症早期发现的研究[J].中国医疗前言,2011,6(18):5-6.
[10]方积乾.医学统计学与电脑实验[M].3版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2006.
[11]郭庆科.心理测验的原理与应用[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2002.
[12]洪琦,张凤,周胜利,等.儿童气质测查量表的修订和标准化[J].中华儿科杂志,1999,37(3):135-138.
[13]张劲松,许积德,沈理笑.Carey的1个月~12岁儿童气质系列问卷应用评价[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(3):153-156.
[14]洪琦,张凤,周胜利,等.儿童气质测查量表的修订和标准化[J].中华儿科杂志,1999,37(3):135-138.
[15]洪琦,周胜利,姚凯南,等.幼儿气质量表的应用研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2001,9(3):151-153.
[16]张劲松,沈理笑,许积德,等.上海市1个月-12岁儿童气质特点研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(2):79-84.
[2]Thomas A,Chess S.Temperament and behavioral disorder in children[M].NewYork:New York University Press,1968.
[3]Chakrabarti S,Fombonne E.Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children[J].Journal of the American Medical Association,2001,285(24):3093-3099.
[4]马欣荣,方建群.孤独症儿童气质特征及颜色偏好实验研究[J].银川:宁夏医科大学,2012.
[5]李建华,蔡兰云,邹时朴.儿童孤独症268例病因分析[J].南昌大学学报:医学版,2010,50(5):100-104.
[6]孟昭兰.婴儿心理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1997.
[7]邬方彦,周文浩,徐秀.儿童孤独症的流行病学[J].中国实用儿科杂志,2008,23(3):161-163.
[8]李雪飞.自闭症儿童的早期干预[J].上海大众科学,2007,9(1):20-21.
[9]姚丽,贾美香,黄慧桃,等.孤独症早期发现的研究[J].中国医疗前言,2011,6(18):5-6.
[10]方积乾.医学统计学与电脑实验[M].3版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2006.
[11]郭庆科.心理测验的原理与应用[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2002.
[12]洪琦,张凤,周胜利,等.儿童气质测查量表的修订和标准化[J].中华儿科杂志,1999,37(3):135-138.
[13]张劲松,许积德,沈理笑.Carey的1个月~12岁儿童气质系列问卷应用评价[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(3):153-156.
[14]洪琦,张凤,周胜利,等.儿童气质测查量表的修订和标准化[J].中华儿科杂志,1999,37(3):135-138.
[15]洪琦,周胜利,姚凯南,等.幼儿气质量表的应用研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2001,9(3):151-153.
[16]张劲松,沈理笑,许积德,等.上海市1个月-12岁儿童气质特点研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(2):79-84.