大采高采场瓦斯治理模型分析及通风系统优化研究
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摘要
为解决大采高采场多巷通风系统采空区通风的安全隐患及U型通风系统的瓦斯超限问题,基于大采高采场通风系统及瓦斯抽采现状建立了其瓦斯治理模型,应用采空区瓦斯运移的抽采-渗流模型及数值模拟分析了不同通风系统下大采高采场的瓦斯运移特征,实测优化了U型通风系统下定向钻孔及穿透钻孔的布置参数,并进行了抽采验证。结果表明:大直径抽采钻孔的导向作用系统改变了大采高采场及采空区流场,并使其采空区下部形成低瓦斯区域; U型通风系统下,顶板中高位裂隙带内153 mm大直径定向钻孔与间距5 m的250 mm大直径穿透钻孔结合,大幅提高了瓦斯抽采流量,避免了瓦斯超限。
In order to solve the safety hazards of the ventilation in the gob of the multi-entry ventilation system and the gas overrun of the U-type ventilation system,based on the current situation of ventilation systems and gas drainage of the large mining height working faceitsgas control model was established.The gas migration characteristics of large mining height working face under different ventilation systemswere researched by the drainage-seepage model and numerical simulation,and the layout of directional drilling and penetrating drilling under U-shaped ventilation system were optimized and were verified by gas drainage.The results show that the guiding system of large-diameter drilling borehole changes the flow field of large mining height working face and gob,and forms a low gas concentration zone in the lower part of the gob; under U-type ventilation system,gas drainage flow will be improved greatly by using roof large diameter directional boreholes of 153 mm in the middle and high fractured zone and large diameter pierced boreholes of 250 mm with 5 m interval,which greatly avoids gas overrun.
In order to solve the safety hazards of the ventilation in the gob of the multi-entry ventilation system and the gas overrun of the U-type ventilation system,based on the current situation of ventilation systems and gas drainage of the large mining height working faceitsgas control model was established.The gas migration characteristics of large mining height working face under different ventilation systemswere researched by the drainage-seepage model and numerical simulation,and the layout of directional drilling and penetrating drilling under U-shaped ventilation system were optimized and were verified by gas drainage.The results show that the guiding system of large-diameter drilling borehole changes the flow field of large mining height working face and gob,and forms a low gas concentration zone in the lower part of the gob; under U-type ventilation system,gas drainage flow will be improved greatly by using roof large diameter directional boreholes of 153 mm in the middle and high fractured zone and large diameter pierced boreholes of 250 mm with 5 m interval,which greatly avoids gas overrun.
引文
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[19]李树刚,钱鸣高.综放采空区冒落特征及瓦斯流态[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1997,14(S1):79-81.LI Shugang,QIAN Minggao.Caving characteristics and gas flow in the fully-mechanized caving mining[J]. Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1997,14(S1):79-81.
[2]范红伟.综放工作面采空区瓦斯运移规律数值模拟研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2010.
[3]俞启香,王凯,杨胜强.中国采煤工作面瓦斯涌出规律及其控制研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(1):9-14.YU Qixiang,WANG Kai,YANG Shengqiang.Study on pattern and control of gas emission at coal face in China[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2000,29(1):9-14.
[4]翟红,令狐建设.阳泉矿区瓦斯治理技术创新模式与实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(2):168-175.ZHAI Hong,LINGHU Jianshe. Practice and mode of gas control technical innovation in Yangquan Mining Area[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(2):168-175.
[5]雷云,周明磊,王海东,等.三进两回通风系统采空区瓦斯运移规律及其治理研究[J].煤矿安全,2012,38(10):101-104.LEI Yun,ZHOU Minglei,WANG Haidong,et al. Research on gas migration law in gob with“three-intake-return”ventilation system and its control[J].Coal Mine in Safety,2012,38(10):101-104.
[6]徐玉胜.寺河矿大采高综采工作面通风瓦斯管理实践[J].煤,2008,17(12):62-63.XU Yusheng.Ventilation and gas management practices of large cutting height workface in Sihe coal mine[J].Coal,2008,17(12):62-63.
[7]丁广骧,杨胜强,张吉禄.采场复杂流场的流体动力相似与模化问题[J].中国矿业大学学报,1995,24(1):47-51.DING Guangxiang,YANG Shengqiang,ZHANG Jilu.Hydrodynamic similarity and modularization of comliex flow-field of working face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1995,24(1):47-51.
[8]梁运涛,张腾飞,王树刚,等.采空区孔隙率非均质模型及其流场分布模拟[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(9):1203-1207.LIANG Yuntao,ZHANG Tengfei,WANG Shugang,et al. Heterogeneous model of porosity in gobs and its airflow field distribution[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(9):1203-1207.
[9]卢平,方良才,童云飞,等.深井煤层群首采层Y型通风工作面采空区卸压瓦斯抽采与综合治理研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):456-462.LU Ping,FANG Liangcai,TONG Yunfei,et al. Relieved gas drainage and comprehensive control in gob of Y-type coal face in the first coal seam mining of deep multi-seams[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):456-462.
[10]吴玉国,邬剑明,王俊峰.双U型通风系统综放开采采空区瓦斯分布规律[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(10):1704-1708.WU Yuguo,WU Jianming,WANG Junfeng. The law of gas distribution in goaf of fully mechanized top-coal caving working face with“double-U”ventilation system[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(10):1704-1708.
[11]丁厚成.U+L型通风采空区瓦斯运移数值模拟与实验研究[J].自然灾害学报,2012,21(6):192-198.DING Houcheng.Numerical simulation and experimental research on gas migration in goaf under U+L type ventilation[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2012,21(6):192-198.
[12]李宗翔,王继仁,周西华.采空区开区移动瓦斯抽放的数值模拟[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(1):74-78.LI Zongxiang,WANG Jiren,ZHOU Xihua.Numerical simulation of gas drainage during open region movement in goaf[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(1):74-78.
[13]李宗翔,纪书丽,题正义.采空区瓦斯与大气两相混溶扩散模型及其求解[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2971-2976.LI Zongxiang,JI Shuli,ZHI Zhengyi.Two-phase miscible diffusion model and its solution between gas in goaf and atmosphere[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2971-2976.
[14]赵耀江,谢生荣,温百根,等.高瓦斯煤层群顶板大直径千米钻孔抽采技术[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(6):797-801.ZHAO Yaojiang,XIE Shengrong,WEN Baigen,et al.Gas drainage technique by 1000 m long and large diameter roof Boreholes in high gas coal seam group[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(6):797-801.
[15]王海东.综采工作面顶板大直径走向长钻孔瓦斯抽采技术[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(11):70-73.WANG Haidong.Gas extraction technology for long and large diameter boreholes of roof at fully mechanized mining face[J].Coal Mine in Safety,2015,46(11):70-73.
[16]赵建国,刘建林,董昌乐,等.顶板高位大直径定向钻孔扩孔新技术探索[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):40-45.ZHAO Jianguo,LIU Jianlin,DONG Changle,et al. New reaming technology for high position and large diameter directional drilling in roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):40-45.
[17]邬喜仓,张迪.采动瓦斯大直径煤层钻孔埋管抽采技术及应用[J].中国煤炭工业,2017(11):60-63.WU Xicang,ZHANG Di. Gas drainage technique and application of large diameter boreholes and buried pipe in mining coal seam[J].China Coal Industry,2017(11):60-63.
[18]钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010:70-180.
[19]李树刚,钱鸣高.综放采空区冒落特征及瓦斯流态[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1997,14(S1):79-81.LI Shugang,QIAN Minggao.Caving characteristics and gas flow in the fully-mechanized caving mining[J]. Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1997,14(S1):79-81.