毛乌素沙地油蒿植冠下表层土壤粒径特征分析
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摘要
为探索毛乌素沙地油蒿植冠下表层土壤结构与土壤稳定性的关系,分析了油蒿植冠微环境下土壤粒径特征及其相关因素。研究表明:油蒿植冠下表层土壤机械组成以砂粒为主,占总质量的81.51%,其次是粉粒,占16.66%,粘粒含量最少,占1.83%,有机质平均含量4.52 g/kg,总氮平均含量0.19 g/kg,受油蒿植株形态结构特征等因素影响,油蒿植冠下表层土壤不同方向、同一方向不同距离处土壤颗粒组成及养分状况存在差异;油蒿植冠下表层土壤颗粒分形维数介于1.694至1.876之间,土壤分形维数与土壤粘粒含量呈显著正相关(p<0.05),与砂粒、粉粒的相关性不显著,与土壤有机质、总氮含量呈显著负相关(p<0.05)。土壤微团聚体作为土壤结构的颗粒单元,其含量及组成与土壤抗侵蚀性密切相关,在对油蒿群落进行恢复重建过程中,要充分考虑油蒿植冠微环境下表层土壤粒径特征。
In order to explore the relationship between soil structure and soil stability under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica in Mu Us sandy land, the characteristics of soil particle size and its related factors were analyzed. Results show that the surface soil particle under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica was mainly composed of sand, which accounted for 81.51% of the total, then powder, 16.66%, clay content of the least, 1.83%. The average content of organic matter and total nitrogen were 4.52 g/kg, 0.19 g/kg, respectively. Influenced by the morphological and structural characteristics of Artemisia ordosica, the surface soil composition and nutrient status under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica were different with different directions, and the same direction with different distance. The fractal dimension of surface soil particles under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica were between 1.694 and 1.876, which had a significant positive correlation with clay content(p < 0.05), and had negative correlation with organic matter and total nitrogen, respectively, but there was no significant correlation with sand and powder. Soil microaggregate as the basic unit of soil structure and the main carrier of soil nutrient, which content and composition were closely related to soil fertility and erosion resistance. So, during the process of restoration and reconstruction of Artemisia ordosica community, more attention should be paid to the characteristics of surface soil particle in the microenvironment-under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica.
In order to explore the relationship between soil structure and soil stability under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica in Mu Us sandy land, the characteristics of soil particle size and its related factors were analyzed. Results show that the surface soil particle under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica was mainly composed of sand, which accounted for 81.51% of the total, then powder, 16.66%, clay content of the least, 1.83%. The average content of organic matter and total nitrogen were 4.52 g/kg, 0.19 g/kg, respectively. Influenced by the morphological and structural characteristics of Artemisia ordosica, the surface soil composition and nutrient status under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica were different with different directions, and the same direction with different distance. The fractal dimension of surface soil particles under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica were between 1.694 and 1.876, which had a significant positive correlation with clay content(p < 0.05), and had negative correlation with organic matter and total nitrogen, respectively, but there was no significant correlation with sand and powder. Soil microaggregate as the basic unit of soil structure and the main carrier of soil nutrient, which content and composition were closely related to soil fertility and erosion resistance. So, during the process of restoration and reconstruction of Artemisia ordosica community, more attention should be paid to the characteristics of surface soil particle in the microenvironment-under the canopy of Artemisia ordosica.
引文
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[18]管光玉,范燕敏,武红旗,等.不同利用方式土壤颗粒分形特征及其与土壤有机碳库稳定性的关系[J].草地学报,2016,24(2):258-262.
[19]张俊华,李国栋,南忠仁,等.黑河绿洲区耕作影响下的土壤粒径分布及其与有机碳的关系[J].地理研究,2012,31(4):608-618.
[2]郭柯.毛乌素沙地油蒿群落的循环演替[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(2):243-247.
[3]Zang J H,Wu B,Li Y H,et al.Biological soil crust distribution in Artemisis ordosica Communities along a grazing pressure gradient in Mu Us Sandy Land,Northern China[J].Journal of Arid Land,2013,5(2):172-179.
[4]杨永胜,邱永利,周小泉,等.毛乌素沙地人为干扰苔藓结皮的土壤水分和风蚀效应[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):20-24.
[5]Belnap J.The world at your feet:desert biological soil crusts[J].frontiers in ecology and the environment,2003,1(4):181-189.
[6]张军红,吴波,贾子毅,等.毛乌素沙地油蒿植冠下生物结皮分布特征及其影响因素研究[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(6):866-871.
[7]陈东,张宇清,吴斌,等.毛乌素沙地南缘油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)灌丛沙堆形态特征[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(3):565-572.
[8]刘学东,陈林,杨新国,等.荒漠草原2种柠条(Caragana korshinskii)和油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)灌丛土壤养分“肥岛”效应[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(4):26-32.
[9]邵英男,刘延坤,李云红,等.不同林分密度密度长白落叶松人工林土壤养分特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(9):23-31.
[10]袁颖丹,郭晓敏,陈煦,等.武功山山地草甸不同海拔高度土壤机械组成与养分特性关系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):118-122.
[11]杨婷,景航,姚旭,等.黄土丘陵不同土地利用方式下土壤颗粒组成及分形维数特征[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(3):1-5.
[12]吴东,黄志霖,肖文发,等.三峡库区典型退耕还林模式土壤养分流失控制[J].环境科学,2015,36(10):3825-3831.
[13]高广磊,丁国栋,赵媛媛,等.生物结皮发育对毛乌素沙地粒度特征的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(1):115-120.
[14]陈玉福,董鸣.毛乌素沙地景观的植被与土壤特征空间格局及其相关分析[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(3):265-269.
[15]杨培岭,罗远培,石元春.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J].科学通报,1993,38(20):1896-1899.
[16]柯顺魁,占锦川,朱轶峰,等.植株生长形态与环境监测系统的研究[J].青岛大学学报,2014,29(4):121-125.
[17]贾晓红,李新荣,张景光,等.沙冬青灌丛地的土壤颗粒大小分形维数空间变异性分析[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):2827-2833.
[18]管光玉,范燕敏,武红旗,等.不同利用方式土壤颗粒分形特征及其与土壤有机碳库稳定性的关系[J].草地学报,2016,24(2):258-262.
[19]张俊华,李国栋,南忠仁,等.黑河绿洲区耕作影响下的土壤粒径分布及其与有机碳的关系[J].地理研究,2012,31(4):608-618.