WO_3基电致变色器件的制备及性能研究
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摘要
本文采用真空热蒸发法,在ITO基底上制备WO_3薄膜,之后在空气气氛中对其进行了400℃,1 h的退火处理。SEM测试结果表明,退火后的WO_3薄膜变得更为致密平整。将退火后的WO_3薄膜,及通过溶胶凝胶法制得的TiO_2-CeO_2对电极薄膜和PC-PEO-LiClO_4凝胶态电解质封装得到电致变色器件,以探索该退火处理对WO_3薄膜电致变色性能的影响。结果表明,该WO_3基电致变色器件在632. 8 nm处的光学调制幅度达56. 8%,记忆时间超过24 h,且具有良好的循环稳定性。本研究表明WO_3薄膜的后期退火处理对制备高性能WO_3基电致变色器件具有重要的意义。
WO_3 thin films were prepared onto ITO glass substrates by thermal evaporation and then were annealed in air ambient at 400 ℃ for 1 h. The SEM results show that those annealed WO_3 thin films got more compact and smoother. The electrochromic devices were obtained by packaging the annealed WO_3 thin films with TiO_2-CeO_2 counter electrode fabricated with sol-gel method and Li ClO_4 gel electrolyte in PC-PEO. Effects of the annealing treatment on the electrochromic properties of WO_3 films were studied.It turned out that the optical modulation of the fabricated electochromic device was 56. 8% at wavelength of 632. 8 nm,and its memory duration was longer than 24 h,with good cyclic stability. This study suggests that the post annealing treatment of WO_3 films might be an effective way to improve the performances of WO_3 based electrochromic devices.
WO_3 thin films were prepared onto ITO glass substrates by thermal evaporation and then were annealed in air ambient at 400 ℃ for 1 h. The SEM results show that those annealed WO_3 thin films got more compact and smoother. The electrochromic devices were obtained by packaging the annealed WO_3 thin films with TiO_2-CeO_2 counter electrode fabricated with sol-gel method and Li ClO_4 gel electrolyte in PC-PEO. Effects of the annealing treatment on the electrochromic properties of WO_3 films were studied.It turned out that the optical modulation of the fabricated electochromic device was 56. 8% at wavelength of 632. 8 nm,and its memory duration was longer than 24 h,with good cyclic stability. This study suggests that the post annealing treatment of WO_3 films might be an effective way to improve the performances of WO_3 based electrochromic devices.
引文
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[14]唐秀凤,谢小山,邱浩洋,等. Ti O2-CeO2对电极材料的制备及其应用[J].人工晶体学报,2018,47(1):200-206.
[15]张俊.三氧化钨基电致变色薄膜与器件研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
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[17] Weng D,Li M,Zheng J,et al. High-performance complementary electrochromic device based on surface-confined tungsten oxide and solutionphase N-methyl-phenothiazine with full spectrum absorption[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(1):86-95.
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[19] Zhang J G,Benson D K,Tracy C E,et al. Chromic Mechanism in Amorphous WO3Films[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1997,144(6):2022-2026.
[2] Purushothaman K K,Muralidharan G. Enhanced electrochromic performance of nanoporous Ni O films[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,2011,14(1):78-83.
[3] Tong Z,Lv H,Zhang X,et al. Novel morphology changes from 3D ordered macroporous structure to V2O5nanofiber grassland and its application in electrochromism[J]. Scientific Reports,2015,5:16864.
[4] Gogova D,Thomas L K,Camin B. Comparative study of gasochromic and electrochromic effect in thermally evaporated tungsten oxide thin films[J]. Thin Solid Films,2009,517(11):3326-3331.
[5] Tian Y,Cong S,Su W,et al. Synergy of W18O49and polyaniline for smart supercapacitor electrode integrated with energy level indicating functionality[J]. Nano Letters,2014,14(4):2150.
[6] Zhang H,Yu Y,Zhang L,et al. Self-powered fluorescence display devices based on a fast self-charging/recharging battery(Mg/Prussian blue)[J]. Chemical Science,2016,7(11):6721.
[7] Luo J Y,Chen R M,Zhou Y Y,et al. Double-Side Digital Display Devices Based on the Solid-State Electrochromic Effect of the Amorphous WO3Thin Films[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2012,529(529):74-78.
[8] Ozkan E,Lee S H,Liu P,et al. Optical and electrochromic properties of sol-gel-deposited tungsten oxide films[C]. Solar and Switching Materials,2001:175-185.
[9] Yang T S,Lin Z R,Wong M S. Structures and electrochromic properties of tungsten oxide films prepared by magnetron sputtering[J]. Applied Surface Science,2005,252(5):2029-2037.
[10] Costa C,Pinheiro C,Henriques I,et al. Inkjet printing of sol-gel synthesized hydrated tungsten oxide nanoparticles for flexible electrochromic devices[J]. Acs Appl Mater Interfaces,2012,4(3):1330-1340.
[11]陈中威,强鹏飞,杨培华,等.热蒸镀法制备WO3薄膜及其电致变色性能[J].暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版),2014(2):196-200.
[12] Liao C C,Chen F R,Kai J J. Annealing effect on electrochromic properties of tungsten oxide nanowires[J]. Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2007,91(13):1258-1266.
[13]罗坚义,周洋洋,陈润明,等.高质量WO3薄膜的制备及其电致变色数码显示器件[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(1):124-128.
[14]唐秀凤,谢小山,邱浩洋,等. Ti O2-CeO2对电极材料的制备及其应用[J].人工晶体学报,2018,47(1):200-206.
[15]张俊.三氧化钨基电致变色薄膜与器件研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[16] Borderie B,Lavabre D,Micheau J C,et al. Nonlinear dynamics,multiple steady states,and oscillations in photochemistry[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry,2002,96(7):2953-2961.
[17] Weng D,Li M,Zheng J,et al. High-performance complementary electrochromic device based on surface-confined tungsten oxide and solutionphase N-methyl-phenothiazine with full spectrum absorption[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(1):86-95.
[18] He J,You L,Mei J. Self-bleaching behaviors in black-to-transmissive electrochromic polymer thin films[J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces,2017,9:34122-34130.
[19] Zhang J G,Benson D K,Tracy C E,et al. Chromic Mechanism in Amorphous WO3Films[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1997,144(6):2022-2026.