液滴在类刀-工-屑狭缝中的动态润湿特性
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摘要
针对切削过程中切削液液滴在刀具-工件-切屑构成的狭缝中的润湿铺展行为不易观测及分析的问题,采用透明石英砖和带沟槽的不锈钢板构成类刀-工-屑微狭缝,利用具有显微功能的高速摄像机拍摄微狭缝中液滴的润湿动态过程.基于图像处理技术,提取实验拍摄的视频帧中数据.描述微狭缝中的液滴二维扩散过程,采用Logistic模型加以拟合,结合模型中参数,定性衡量了不同高度狭缝中渗水速度的相对大小.研究发现,水滴在深度200μm以下的狭缝中铺展时,渗入狭缝的流量随狭缝深度减小而减小,这说明尽管随着尺度缩小,毛细压力增加,但是渗入狭缝还是越来越困难,并通过多次重复性实验验证了这一结论.
In view of the difficulty in observing and analyzing the wetting spreading behavior of cutting fluid droplets in the slit formed by tool-workpiece-chip(TWC) in cutting process, a simulated TWC micro-slit was made up of a transparent quartz brick and a piece of stainless-steel plate with grooves. The dynamic wetting process of droplets in the slit was recorded by a high-speed camera with microscope function. Based on the image processing technology, the data in the experimental video frames were extracted and analyzed. The two-dimensional diffusion process of droplets in micro-slits was described by Logistic model. Combined with the parameters of the model, the relative size of penetration velocity in slits with different heights was qualitatively described. It is found that when the water droplets are spread in slits with height below 200 μm, the flow rate into the slit decreases with the slit height reduces, which indicates that it is still more and more difficult for droplets to infiltrate into the slit although the capillary pressure increases with the decrease of slit. This conclusion was verified by the average results of repeated experiments.
In view of the difficulty in observing and analyzing the wetting spreading behavior of cutting fluid droplets in the slit formed by tool-workpiece-chip(TWC) in cutting process, a simulated TWC micro-slit was made up of a transparent quartz brick and a piece of stainless-steel plate with grooves. The dynamic wetting process of droplets in the slit was recorded by a high-speed camera with microscope function. Based on the image processing technology, the data in the experimental video frames were extracted and analyzed. The two-dimensional diffusion process of droplets in micro-slits was described by Logistic model. Combined with the parameters of the model, the relative size of penetration velocity in slits with different heights was qualitatively described. It is found that when the water droplets are spread in slits with height below 200 μm, the flow rate into the slit decreases with the slit height reduces, which indicates that it is still more and more difficult for droplets to infiltrate into the slit although the capillary pressure increases with the decrease of slit. This conclusion was verified by the average results of repeated experiments.
引文
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[2] CLAUDIN C,MONDELIN A,RECH J,et al.Effects of a straight oil on friction at the tool-work material interface in machining[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2010,50(8):681-688.
[3] WILLIAMS J A.The action of lubricants in metal cutting [J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,1977,19(5):202-212.
[4] GODLEVSKI V A,VOLKOV A V,LATYSHEV V N,et al.The kinetic of lubricant penetration action during machining [J].Lubrication Science,1997,9(2):127-140.
[5] BEHERA B C,CHETAN,SETTI D,et al.Spreadability studies of metal working fluids on tool surface and its impact on minimum amount cooling and lubrication turning[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2017,244:1-16.
[6] SENTHIL K K,SENTHILKUMAAR J S.Analysis of flank wear and chip morphology when machining super duplex stainless steel in a gas cooled environment[J].International Journal of Engineering and Technology,2014,5(6):5045-5056.
[7] 张雪龄,朱维耀,蔡强,等.考虑固壁作用力的微可压缩流体纳微米圆管流动分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(5):569-575.ZHANG Xueling,ZHU Weiyao,CAI Qiang,et al.Analysis of weakly compressible fluid flow in nano/micro-size circular tubes considering solid wall force [J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(5):569-575.
[8] ZIARANI A S,MOHAMAD A A.Effect of wall roughness on the slip of fluid in a microchannel[J].Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering,2008,12(2):154-169.
[9] BHARDWAJ S,DALAL A.Mesoscopic analysis of three-dimensional droplet displacement on wetted grooved wall of a rectangular channel[J].European Journal of Mechanics-B/Fluids,2018,67:35-53.
[10] 张明焜,陈硕,尚智.带凹槽的微通道中液滴运动数值模拟[J].物理学报,2012,61(3):034701.ZHANG Mingkun,CHEN Shuo,SHANG Zhi.Numerical simulation of a droplet motion in a grooved microchannel [J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(3):034701.
[11] WANG M,CHEN Y F,MA G W,et al.Influence of surface roughness on nonlinear flow behaviors in 3D self-affine rough fractures:Lattice Boltzmann simulations[J].Advances in Water Resources,2016,96:373-388.
[12] RANDIVE P,DALAL A,MUKHERJEE P P.Probing the influence of superhydrophobicity and mixed wettability on droplet displacement behavior[J].Microfluidics and Nanofluidics,2014,17(4):657-674.
[13] 倪敬,李斌,许静.激光微织构拉刀制备与能量残留[J].强激光与粒子束,2016,28(9):176-180.NI Jing,LI Bin,XU Jing.Preparation of laser micro-textured broach and residual energy [J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2016,28(9):176-180.
[14] 王红一.水中气泡图像处理方法及运动特性研究[D].天津:天津大学,2011.WANG Hongyi.Research on image processing methods and dynamic characteristic of bubble in air-water system [D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2011.