铁路台阶式加筋土挡墙潜在破裂面特征模型试验
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摘要
铁路台阶式加筋土挡墙的设计方法尚不成熟,现有设计方法不能满足铁路边坡工程实践的需求。潜在破裂面的确定是加筋土挡墙设计的关键,但现行规范仅对10m以下单级加筋土挡墙的潜在破裂面有了明确的规定。为了研究台阶式加筋土挡墙在铁路荷载作用下潜在破裂面的特征,设计了1:4的大比例尺二级台阶式加筋土挡墙室内模型试验,以周期性加卸载的方式模拟铁路荷载,通过监测墙面水平位移、墙顶沉降及土工格栅筋带变形,分析确定潜在破裂面的位置和形状。试验结果表明:Ⅰ级墙(下级墙)潜在破裂面形状与现行规范中的0.3H法破裂面类似,但位置更深,且下部破裂面更缓,表明潜在不稳定范围更大;Ⅱ级墙(上级墙)潜在破裂面形状与朗肯主动破裂面基本一致,但并未从Ⅱ级墙坡脚剪出,而是内移刺入Ⅰ级墙体;研究结果可为铁路台阶式加筋土挡墙的设计提供理论参考。
The current design methods for the railway stepped reinforced soil retaining walls are still immature, which fails to satisfy the requirement of railway slope reinforcement practice. For the design of reinforced soil retaining walls, accurate determination of the potential failure surface is the key issue. However, though current specifications clearly address the shape and location of the potential failure surface, they limit their use only in single walls with a height of no more than 10 m. This paper attempts to identify the characteristics of potential failure surfaces in stepped reinforced soil retaining walls under railway loads by the use of model test.The model was designed with a large scale of 1:4 and the railway load was stimulated by a specific cyclic surcharge load. The shape and location of the potential failure surface were determined by the comprehensive analysis of the slope surface lateral displacements,vertical settlements at the slope crust and strains of the geogrid at different investigation points. The result illustrated: the potential failure surface in the lower stage wall is similar to that given by the "0.3 H" method but has a deeper location and a more gentle inclination of the bottom part, which indicate a larger potential unstable area; while the shape of the potential failure surface in the upper stage wall is generally similar to the Ranking's active rupture, however it thrusts into the lower stage wall rather than thrusts out from the foot of the upper stage wall. The test results and conclusions drawn in this study can provide theoretical reference for the design of railway stepped reinforced soil retaining wall.
The current design methods for the railway stepped reinforced soil retaining walls are still immature, which fails to satisfy the requirement of railway slope reinforcement practice. For the design of reinforced soil retaining walls, accurate determination of the potential failure surface is the key issue. However, though current specifications clearly address the shape and location of the potential failure surface, they limit their use only in single walls with a height of no more than 10 m. This paper attempts to identify the characteristics of potential failure surfaces in stepped reinforced soil retaining walls under railway loads by the use of model test.The model was designed with a large scale of 1:4 and the railway load was stimulated by a specific cyclic surcharge load. The shape and location of the potential failure surface were determined by the comprehensive analysis of the slope surface lateral displacements,vertical settlements at the slope crust and strains of the geogrid at different investigation points. The result illustrated: the potential failure surface in the lower stage wall is similar to that given by the "0.3 H" method but has a deeper location and a more gentle inclination of the bottom part, which indicate a larger potential unstable area; while the shape of the potential failure surface in the upper stage wall is generally similar to the Ranking's active rupture, however it thrusts into the lower stage wall rather than thrusts out from the foot of the upper stage wall. The test results and conclusions drawn in this study can provide theoretical reference for the design of railway stepped reinforced soil retaining wall.
引文
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[13]G?BEL C H,WEISEMANN U C,KIRSCHNER R A.Effectiveness of a reinforcing geogrid in a railway subbase under dynamic loads[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,1994,13(2):91-99.
[14]王贺,杨广庆,刘华北,等.返包式土工格栅加筋土挡墙动态行为研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(2):131-140.WANG He,YANG Guang-qing,LIU Hua-bei,et al.Research on dynamic behavior of geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall with wrapped face[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(2):131-140.
[15]王贺,杨广庆,刘华北,等.模块面板式土工格栅加筋土挡墙动态特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(7):1-9.WANG He,YANG Guang-qing,LIU Hua-bei,et al.Test for dynamic characteristics of a geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall with concrete-block panels[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(7):1-9.
[16]吴连海,杨广庆,张青波,等.高速铁路加筋土挡墙动响应规律现场试验[J].西南交通大学学报,2017,52(3):546-553.WU Lian-hai,YANG Guang-qing,ZHANG Qing-bo,et al.In-situ test on dynamic responses of reinforced soil retaining walls for high speed railways[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2017,52(3):546-553.
[17]梁小勇,靳静,杨广庆.高速铁路土工格栅加筋土挡墙的试验研究[J].铁道建筑,2017,57(7):108-111.LIANG Xiao-yong,JIN Jing,YANG Guang-qing.Experimental study on geogrid reinforced earth retaining wall of high speed railways[J].Railway Engineering,2017,57(7):108-111.
[18]SAM-DEOK C,KWANG-WU L,SE-YONG O.Experimental investigation of installation damage of geogrids[J].Journal of Korean Geosynthetics Society,2004,3(3):47-53.
[19]蒋文凯,阮志新,邓卫东,等.土工格栅强度损伤特性的试验研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2006,30(3):421-424.JIANG Wen-kai,RUAN Zhi-xin,DENG Wei-dong,et al.Installation damage test of geogrid[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2006,30(3):421-424.
[2]蒋楚生,赵晓彦,李庆海,等.铁路多级加筋土挡墙研究现状及应用展望[J].高速铁路技术,2017,8(1):44-48.JIANG Chu-sheng,ZHAO Xiao-yan,LI Qing-hai,et al.Current situation and application prospect of multi-stage reinforced soil wall for railway[J].High Speed Railway Technology,2017,8(1):44-48.
[3]铁道第二勘察设计院.TB 10025―2006铁路路基支档结构设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2006.China Railway Second Survey and Design Institute.TB10025―2006 Code for design on retaining structures of railway subgrade[S].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2006.
[4]SCHLOSSER F,SEGRESTIN P.Dimensionnement des Ouvrages en Terre Armee parla Methode de l’Equilibre Local[C]//International Conference on Soil Reinforcement:Reinforced Earth and Other Techniques.Paris:[s.n.],1979:157-162.
[5]高江平,俞茂宏,胡长顺,等.加筋土挡墙滑动破裂面的大型模型试验[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2005,25(6):6-9.GAO Jiang-ping,YU Mao-hong,HU Chang-shun,et al.Large model experiment on sliding rupture of reinforced earth retaining wall[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science),2005,25(6):6-9.
[6]杨广庆,吕鹏,庞巍,等.返包式土工格栅加筋土高挡墙现场试验研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(2):517-522.YANG Guang-qing,Lü Peng,PANG Wei,et al.Research on geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall with wrapped face by in-situ tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(2):517-522.
[7]周世良,何光春,汪承志,等.台阶式加筋土挡墙模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(1):152-156.ZHOU Shi-liang,HE Guang-chun,WANG Cheng-zhi,et al.Study on stepped reinforced soil retaining walls by model tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):152-156.
[8]SHINDE A L,MANDAL J N.Behavior of reinforced soil retaining wall with limited fill zone[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2007,25(6):657-672.
[9]LIU H.Comparing the seismic responses of single and multi-tiered geosynthetic reinforced soil walls[J].Geotechnical Special Publication,2011,211:3478-3486.
[10]肖成志,陈倩倩,韩杰,等.顶部条形基础作用下加筋挡墙性能的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(6):1586-1592.XIAO Cheng-zhi,CHEN Qian-qian,HAN Jie,et al.Experimental study of performance of geogrid-reinforced retaining wall subjected to load from strip foundation at the top surface of wall[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(6):1586-1592.
[11]肖成志,王嘉勇,周霞.受静载和循环荷载作用的基础下加筋挡墙工作性能分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(6):1542-1550.XIAO Cheng-zhi,WANG Jia-yong,ZHOU Xia,et al.Performance of geogrid-reinforced soil retaining walls subjected to static and cyclic footing loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(6):1542-1550.
[12]刘泽,史克友,雷勇.重复荷载作用下土工格栅包生态袋加筋土挡墙动力特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(9):88-94,119.LIU Ze,SHI Ke-you,LEI Yong.Model test on dynamic characteristics of geogrid reinforced earth retaining wall packet ecological bag under repeated loading[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(9):88-94,119.
[13]G?BEL C H,WEISEMANN U C,KIRSCHNER R A.Effectiveness of a reinforcing geogrid in a railway subbase under dynamic loads[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,1994,13(2):91-99.
[14]王贺,杨广庆,刘华北,等.返包式土工格栅加筋土挡墙动态行为研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(2):131-140.WANG He,YANG Guang-qing,LIU Hua-bei,et al.Research on dynamic behavior of geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall with wrapped face[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(2):131-140.
[15]王贺,杨广庆,刘华北,等.模块面板式土工格栅加筋土挡墙动态特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(7):1-9.WANG He,YANG Guang-qing,LIU Hua-bei,et al.Test for dynamic characteristics of a geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall with concrete-block panels[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(7):1-9.
[16]吴连海,杨广庆,张青波,等.高速铁路加筋土挡墙动响应规律现场试验[J].西南交通大学学报,2017,52(3):546-553.WU Lian-hai,YANG Guang-qing,ZHANG Qing-bo,et al.In-situ test on dynamic responses of reinforced soil retaining walls for high speed railways[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2017,52(3):546-553.
[17]梁小勇,靳静,杨广庆.高速铁路土工格栅加筋土挡墙的试验研究[J].铁道建筑,2017,57(7):108-111.LIANG Xiao-yong,JIN Jing,YANG Guang-qing.Experimental study on geogrid reinforced earth retaining wall of high speed railways[J].Railway Engineering,2017,57(7):108-111.
[18]SAM-DEOK C,KWANG-WU L,SE-YONG O.Experimental investigation of installation damage of geogrids[J].Journal of Korean Geosynthetics Society,2004,3(3):47-53.
[19]蒋文凯,阮志新,邓卫东,等.土工格栅强度损伤特性的试验研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2006,30(3):421-424.JIANG Wen-kai,RUAN Zhi-xin,DENG Wei-dong,et al.Installation damage test of geogrid[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2006,30(3):421-424.