农业产业法与竞争法关系的审视与重构——以农业供给侧改革为分析背景
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摘要
供给侧改革主张推进经济结构性调整、降低企业成本、减少政府对经济的不正当干预,这意味着竞争政策的地位将凸显。中国农业竞争环境的现实状况显露出,片面强调农业产业政策,忽视农业竞争秩序的维护,并不利于我国农业整体的产业发展和对农民利益的保护。应当对农业竞争法与产业法的关系进行重构,明确农业竞争政策和竞争执法应当在农业产业政策之上优先发挥效力,这样才能激活农业领域的竞争活力。在立法层面,要开展对《反垄断法》第56条农业适用除外条款的再解释,改变由于该条规定导致农业反垄断被长期忽视的现状;在执法层面,要积极开展农业领域的反垄断执法,查处农业经销链条的垄断行为,同时还要要开展农业产业政策的公平竞争审查。
The reform of the supply side advocates the structural adjustment of the economy,further reducing the cost of the enterprise,reducing the government's improper interference in the economy,which means that the status of competition policy will be highlighted.The reality of China's agricultural competitive environment reveals that one-sided emphasis on agricultural industry policy but neglecting the maintenance of agricultural competition order is not conducive to the development of China's agricultural industry as a whole and the protection of farmers' interests.It is necessary to reconstruct the relationship between agricultural competition law and industrial law,and to make clear that agricultural competition policy and competition law enforcement should give priority to the agricultural industry policy so as to activate the competitive vitality in the agricultural field.At the legislative level,it is necessary to carry out the reinterpretation of the exemption clause of Article 56 of the Anti-Monopoly Law and to change the status quo of agricultural antitrust which has been neglected for a long time because of the provisions of this Article.At the law enforcement level,it is needed to investigate and deal with the monopoly of agricultural distribution chain,and to carry out the fair competition review of agricultural industry policy,and then to promote the shaping of the legitimate order of agriculture.
The reform of the supply side advocates the structural adjustment of the economy,further reducing the cost of the enterprise,reducing the government's improper interference in the economy,which means that the status of competition policy will be highlighted.The reality of China's agricultural competitive environment reveals that one-sided emphasis on agricultural industry policy but neglecting the maintenance of agricultural competition order is not conducive to the development of China's agricultural industry as a whole and the protection of farmers' interests.It is necessary to reconstruct the relationship between agricultural competition law and industrial law,and to make clear that agricultural competition policy and competition law enforcement should give priority to the agricultural industry policy so as to activate the competitive vitality in the agricultural field.At the legislative level,it is necessary to carry out the reinterpretation of the exemption clause of Article 56 of the Anti-Monopoly Law and to change the status quo of agricultural antitrust which has been neglected for a long time because of the provisions of this Article.At the law enforcement level,it is needed to investigate and deal with the monopoly of agricultural distribution chain,and to carry out the fair competition review of agricultural industry policy,and then to promote the shaping of the legitimate order of agriculture.
引文
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(1)15U.S.C.§17.
(2)7U.S.C.§291.
(3)Arie Reich.The Agricultural Exemption in Antitrust Law:A Comparative Look at the Political Economy of Market Regulation[J].Texas International Law Journal,VOL.42.
[2]王先林,丁国峰.反垄断法实施中对竞争政策与产业政策的协调[J].法学,2010(9):28-35.
[3]孙晋.国际金融危机之应对与欧盟竞争政策——兼论后危机时代我国竞争政策和产业政策的冲突与协调[J].法学评论,2011(1):90-99.
[4]段宏磊.国家限制竞争的法律规制[D].武汉:中南财经政法大学,2016:178.
[5]于左.中国农产品价格过快上涨的垄断因素与公共政策[J].中国价格监管与反垄断,2014(5):16-19.
[6]战英杰,申秋红.影响我国农民收入的因子分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2010(4):144.
[7]李亮国.农业反垄断法适用除外的农产品经营活动研究[J].改革与战略,2017(6):107-109,115.
[8]刘桂清.反垄断法中的产业政策与竞争政策[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010:60.
[9]种明钊主编.竞争法(第二版)[M].北京:法律出版社,2008:236.
[10]时建中,钟刚.试析反垄断法农业豁免制度——兼论我国《反垄断法》第五十六条[J].财贸研究,2008(2):141-146.
[11]陈岷,赵新龙,李勇军.经济法视野中的合作社[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2016:17.
[12]朱凯.对我国建立公平竞争审查制度的框架性思考[J].中国物价,2015(8):26-29.
(1)15U.S.C.§17.
(2)7U.S.C.§291.
(3)Arie Reich.The Agricultural Exemption in Antitrust Law:A Comparative Look at the Political Economy of Market Regulation[J].Texas International Law Journal,VOL.42.