智能路面发展与展望
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摘要
为了促进智能路面的发展,综述了智能路面各项技术的研究进展和发展趋势。首先提出了智能路面的定义,在此基础上明确了智能路面的体系架构,包括路面信息感知获取层、信息集成处理层、综合服务层和能量供给层;重点介绍了智能路面信息采集技术、信息管理与分析技术、能量收集与利用技术、自我调节技术和基于智能路面的车路协同技术等关键技术的发展现状,讨论了智能路面的设计和建造方法;最后提出了智能路面现有研究存在的问题和不足,并对其今后的发展做出展望。研究结果表明:智能路面是由特定的结构材料、感知网络、信息中心、通信网络和能源系统组成,具有多种智能,并且能够为人、车、环境提供服务的道路路面;智能路面的发展将有助于充分发挥道路自身潜力和适应未来的交通工具;在路面信息的采集过程中,传感器在耐久性和实用性等方面存在的技术难题仍需进一步解决;智能路面的各种能量收集和自我调节技术应着重解决低成本和高性能的问题;物联网、大数据、云计算和各种人工智能方法在智能路面的监测和管理过程中具有广阔的应用前景;智能路面作为一种新型的道路路面,其设计和施工可以结合建筑信息模型(BIM)、模块化施工、3D打印和智能压实技术,集合成一套新的建造工艺。
To promote the development of intelligent pavement, the development status of intelligent pavement technologies and future development trends are reviewed. The paper firstly addresses the definition of intelligent pavement. Accordingly, the architecture of intelligent pavement is explicitly specified, which is divided into the following layers: information perception and acquisition, information integration and processing, integrated service, and energy supply. Then, the major technologies of intelligent pavement are highlighted, including information acquisition technology, information management and analysis technology, energy collection and utilization technology, self-adaptive technology, and cooperative vehicle and infrastructure technology based on intelligent pavement. Moreover, the design and construction methods of intelligent pavement are discussed. Finally, the problems and shortcomings of the status of current research are specified, as well as prospects for the future development of intelligent pavement. Results show that intelligent pavement is composed of specific structural materials, perceptive networks, information centers, communication networks, and energy systems that possesses various intelligent capabilities to provide services for humans, vehicles, and the environment. The development of intelligent pavement will help develop the road network potential and help it to adapt to future vehicles. In terms of the process of pavement information acquisition, the technical difficulties involved with the durability and practicability of sensors still need to be solved. Various energy collection and self-adaptive technologies of intelligent pavement should focus on low cost and high performance issues. The Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, and various artificial intelligence methods have broad application prospects in the monitoring and management of intelligent pavement. As a new type of pavement, the design and construction of intelligent pavement can be combined with building information modeling, modular road construction, 3 D printing technology, and intelligent compaction technology to integrate a new set of construction technologies.
To promote the development of intelligent pavement, the development status of intelligent pavement technologies and future development trends are reviewed. The paper firstly addresses the definition of intelligent pavement. Accordingly, the architecture of intelligent pavement is explicitly specified, which is divided into the following layers: information perception and acquisition, information integration and processing, integrated service, and energy supply. Then, the major technologies of intelligent pavement are highlighted, including information acquisition technology, information management and analysis technology, energy collection and utilization technology, self-adaptive technology, and cooperative vehicle and infrastructure technology based on intelligent pavement. Moreover, the design and construction methods of intelligent pavement are discussed. Finally, the problems and shortcomings of the status of current research are specified, as well as prospects for the future development of intelligent pavement. Results show that intelligent pavement is composed of specific structural materials, perceptive networks, information centers, communication networks, and energy systems that possesses various intelligent capabilities to provide services for humans, vehicles, and the environment. The development of intelligent pavement will help develop the road network potential and help it to adapt to future vehicles. In terms of the process of pavement information acquisition, the technical difficulties involved with the durability and practicability of sensors still need to be solved. Various energy collection and self-adaptive technologies of intelligent pavement should focus on low cost and high performance issues. The Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, and various artificial intelligence methods have broad application prospects in the monitoring and management of intelligent pavement. As a new type of pavement, the design and construction of intelligent pavement can be combined with building information modeling, modular road construction, 3 D printing technology, and intelligent compaction technology to integrate a new set of construction technologies.
引文
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