麦田土壤中抗铅菌株筛选及其吸附特性的研究
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摘要
为研究铅污染土壤中微生物对重金属铅的耐受性及去除效果,从铅污染土壤中分离、筛选出2株抗铅菌株(BY-10和FB-6),研究其对铅的吸附特性、最佳生长条件,并对其进行鉴定。结果表明:菌株BY-10和FB-6分别为蜡状芽孢杆菌和团青霉。它们对铅的耐受质量浓度分别高达1 700,2 500 mg/L。菌株的生长条件范围较广,蜡状芽孢杆菌最适温度为35℃,团青霉最适温度为30℃;最适p H值均为7;最适装液量均为80~100 m L(250 m L摇瓶)。在初始铅质量浓度为0~600 mg/L内,随着浓度增加,菌株生长逐渐减缓,在≥400 mg/L的铅培养液中,团青霉与蜡状芽孢杆菌相比对铅的耐受性较强。在铅质量浓度一定时,随着生长时间的延长,菌株对铅的吸附率表现出先增大后减小的趋势,生物吸附量表现出同样趋势。而生长时间一定时,随着铅质量浓度的不断升高,菌株的吸附率逐渐降低,生物吸附量呈上升趋势。在铅质量浓度为150 mg/L时,蜡状芽孢杆菌和团青霉对铅的去除率达到最大,分别为66.25%和74.88%。
This study focuses on the lead tolerance and removal efficiency of microorganisms from the lead-contaminated soil.Two lead-resistant strains denoted by BY-10 and FB-6 were isolated from contaminated soil around a lead refinery.And the lead biosorption characteristics and optimal growth conditions of the strains were studied.The results showed that strains BY-10 and FB-6 belonged to Bacillus cereus and Penicillium commune respectively,and their tolerance concentrations to lead were 1 700,2 500 mg/L,respectively.In addition,the strains had a wide range of growing conditions.The optimal temperature of Bacillus cereus was 35 ℃ and that of Penicillium commune was30 ℃.For both Bacillus cereus and Penicillium commune,the optimal growth p H was 7 and the liquid medium volume was 80-100 m L(in 250 m L bottle).With the increase of initial lead concentration from 0 to 600 mg/L,the growth of two strains became slower and slower gradually,while the tolerance of Penicillium commune to lead was stronger than that of Bacillus cereus when the lead concentration was over 400 mg/L.At a certain concentration of lead,the lead adsorption rate of the two strains increased firstly and then decreased gradually with the increasing growth time of strains.The dynamic change of biological adsorption quantity of lead by the two strains was similar to the adsorption rate of lead.But in a certain growth time of strains,there was a descending trend in the adsorption rate of strains to lead and an ascending trend in the biological adsorption quantity of them with the increase of lead concentration.Furthermore,the lead adsorption rate of Bacillus cereus and Penicillium commune reached the top at the 150 mg/L concentration of lead,and their values were 66.25% and 74.88% respectively.
This study focuses on the lead tolerance and removal efficiency of microorganisms from the lead-contaminated soil.Two lead-resistant strains denoted by BY-10 and FB-6 were isolated from contaminated soil around a lead refinery.And the lead biosorption characteristics and optimal growth conditions of the strains were studied.The results showed that strains BY-10 and FB-6 belonged to Bacillus cereus and Penicillium commune respectively,and their tolerance concentrations to lead were 1 700,2 500 mg/L,respectively.In addition,the strains had a wide range of growing conditions.The optimal temperature of Bacillus cereus was 35 ℃ and that of Penicillium commune was30 ℃.For both Bacillus cereus and Penicillium commune,the optimal growth p H was 7 and the liquid medium volume was 80-100 m L(in 250 m L bottle).With the increase of initial lead concentration from 0 to 600 mg/L,the growth of two strains became slower and slower gradually,while the tolerance of Penicillium commune to lead was stronger than that of Bacillus cereus when the lead concentration was over 400 mg/L.At a certain concentration of lead,the lead adsorption rate of the two strains increased firstly and then decreased gradually with the increasing growth time of strains.The dynamic change of biological adsorption quantity of lead by the two strains was similar to the adsorption rate of lead.But in a certain growth time of strains,there was a descending trend in the adsorption rate of strains to lead and an ascending trend in the biological adsorption quantity of them with the increase of lead concentration.Furthermore,the lead adsorption rate of Bacillus cereus and Penicillium commune reached the top at the 150 mg/L concentration of lead,and their values were 66.25% and 74.88% respectively.
引文
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[23]Naik U C,Srivastava S,Thakur I S.Isolation and characterization of Bacillus cereus IST105 from electroplating effluent for detoxification of hexavalent chromium[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2012,19(7):3005-3014.
[24]Amini M,Younesi H,Bahramifar N,et al.Application of response surface methodology for optimization of lead biosorption in an aqueous solution by Aspergillus niger[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,154(1):694-702.
[25]Reddy D H K,Seshaiah K,Reddy A V R,et al.Biosorption of Pb2+from aqueous solutions by moringa oleifera bark:equilibrium and kinetic studies[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,174(1):831-838.
[26]东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
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[28]孙桂丽,陈有为,张琦,等.一株有抗菌活性的云南重楼植物内生真菌的鉴定[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2006(S1):347-351.
[29]施邑屏.温度与微生物[J].微生物学通报,1982,9(6):291-294.
[30]Chen G,Zeng G,Tang L,et al.Cadmium removal from simulated wastewater to biomass byproduct of Lentinus edodes[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(15):7034-7040.
[31]周洪英,王学松,李娜,等.3种大型海藻对含铅废水的生物吸附研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(2):331-336.
[32]Li H,Lin Y,Guan W,et al.Biosorption of Zn(II)by live and dead cells of Streptomyces ciscaucasicus strain CCNWHX 72-14[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,179(1):151-159.
[2]Kadirvelu K,Thamaraiselvi K,Namasivayam C.Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from an agricultural solid waste[J].Bioresource Technology,2001,76(1):63-65.
[3]Kadirvelu K,Thamaraiselvi K,Namasivayam C.Adsorption of nickel(Ⅱ)from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from coirpith[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2001,24(3):497-505.
[4]Congeevaram S,Dhanarani S,Park J,et al.Biosorption of chromium and nickel by heavy metal resistant fungal and bacterial isolates[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,146(1):270-277.
[5]Bahadir T,Bakan G,Altas L,et al.The investigation of lead removal by biosorption:An application at storage battery industry wastewaters[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2007,41(1):98-102.
[6]潘蓉,曹理想,张仁铎.青霉菌和镰刀菌对重金属Cd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Pb2+的吸附特性[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(3):477-484.
[7]Iqbal M,Edyvean R G J.Biosorption of lead,copper and zinc ions on loofa sponge immobilized biomass of Phanerochaete chrysosporium[J].Minerals Engineering,2004,17(2):217-223.
[8]Pan R,Cao L,Huang H,et al.Biosorption of Cd,Cu,Pb,and Zn from aqueous solutions by the fruiting bodies of jelly fungi(Tremella fuciformis and Auricularia polytricha)[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2010,88(4):997-1005.
[9]周东琴,朱一民,魏德洲.啤酒酵母菌对Pb2+与Zn2+的生物吸附规律[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2004,25(9):911-913.
[10]Lu W B,Shi J J,Wang C H,et al.Biosorption of lead,copper and cadmium by an indigenous isolate Enterobacter sp.J1 possessing high heavy-metal resistance[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,134(1):80-86.
[11]Gabr R M,Hassan S H A,Shoreit A A M.Biosorption of lead and nickel by living and non-living cells of pseudomonas aeruginosa ASU 6a[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2008,62(2):195-203.
[12]任广明,曲娟娟.铅抗性细菌的分离及吸附性能研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(2):55-60.
[13]秦玉春,关晓辉,魏德洲,等.浮游球衣菌的分离及其对铅离子的吸附性能[J].东北大学学报,2005,26(7):687-690.
[14]李青彬,韩永军,刘雪平,等.土壤分离菌株去除水溶液中铅离子研究[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(3):70-74.
[15]周薇,张小平,康纪婷.从矿区土壤中筛选微生物对Pb2+、Zn2+吸附的研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(10):1906-1911.
[16]刘国生.微生物学实验技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:72-76.
[17]杨亮,郝瑞霞,吴沣,等.耐受铅真菌的筛选及其对Pb2+吸附的初步研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(10):2366-2374.
[18]崔文娟,董琳茜,孙珮石,等.硝化菌的分离及特性分析[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(2):683-686.
[19]陈志,邹情雅,潘晓鸿,等.铅锌矿尾矿坝分离节杆菌12-1对Pb2+的耐受和吸附性能研究[J].农业生物技术学报,2014,22(11):1394-1401.
[20]陈灿,周芸,胡翔,等.啤酒酵母对废水中Cu2+的生物吸附特性[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2008,(12):2093-2095.
[21]杨亮,郝瑞霞,吴沣,等.耐铅微生物筛选及其铅去除能力的初步研究[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2012,48(6):965-970.
[22]Akthar M N,Sastry K S,Mohan P M.Mechanism of metal ion biosorption by fungal biomass[J].Biometals,1996,9(1):21-28.
[23]Naik U C,Srivastava S,Thakur I S.Isolation and characterization of Bacillus cereus IST105 from electroplating effluent for detoxification of hexavalent chromium[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2012,19(7):3005-3014.
[24]Amini M,Younesi H,Bahramifar N,et al.Application of response surface methodology for optimization of lead biosorption in an aqueous solution by Aspergillus niger[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,154(1):694-702.
[25]Reddy D H K,Seshaiah K,Reddy A V R,et al.Biosorption of Pb2+from aqueous solutions by moringa oleifera bark:equilibrium and kinetic studies[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,174(1):831-838.
[26]东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[27]Buchanan R E,Cibbons E N.伯杰氏细菌鉴定手册[M].8版.北京:科学出版社,1984.
[28]孙桂丽,陈有为,张琦,等.一株有抗菌活性的云南重楼植物内生真菌的鉴定[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2006(S1):347-351.
[29]施邑屏.温度与微生物[J].微生物学通报,1982,9(6):291-294.
[30]Chen G,Zeng G,Tang L,et al.Cadmium removal from simulated wastewater to biomass byproduct of Lentinus edodes[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(15):7034-7040.
[31]周洪英,王学松,李娜,等.3种大型海藻对含铅废水的生物吸附研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(2):331-336.
[32]Li H,Lin Y,Guan W,et al.Biosorption of Zn(II)by live and dead cells of Streptomyces ciscaucasicus strain CCNWHX 72-14[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,179(1):151-159.