红海湾西北海区海流特征分析
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摘要
利用2008年夏季和冬季的海流资料分析了红海湾西北海区潮流性质、运动形式、涨落潮流特性、余流特征。结果表明:红海湾西北海区属不规则半日潮海域,潮流性质属往复流,大致呈东—西向往返运动,具有一定的旋转流性质;平均涨潮流最大可达17.8cm·s~(-1),平均退潮流最大可达19.3cm·s~(-1);实测流受风和地形影响明显。余流受风和地形的影响也比较明显,在偏北风作用下,余流流向西偏南;在偏南风作用下,余流流向东偏北,余流最大可达18.9cm·s~(-1)。潮能主要由东部向西传播至红海湾西北海区,潮能进入量值可达4.8×10~3W·m~(-1)。
Based on the data observed during the summer and winter cruises in 2008,the type and the motion form of tidal currents,the characteristics of flood current,ebb current and the residual current in the Northwest Honghai Bay were analyzed.The results show that the tidal property in the Northwest Honghai Bay belongs to irregular semidiurnal tide.The tidal current is a reversing current with a rotary current,mainly in the east–west direction.The current is mostly affected by wind and topography.The maximum averaged velocities during flood tide and ebb tide are,respectively,17.8 and 19.3 cm·s~(-1).Under the northerly wind and southerly wind,the residual current flows west by south and east by north,respectively.The maximum residual current can reach 18.9 cm·s~(-1).The tidal energy flux propagates from east to west in the area,whose maximum value is about 4.8×10~3 W·m~(-1).
Based on the data observed during the summer and winter cruises in 2008,the type and the motion form of tidal currents,the characteristics of flood current,ebb current and the residual current in the Northwest Honghai Bay were analyzed.The results show that the tidal property in the Northwest Honghai Bay belongs to irregular semidiurnal tide.The tidal current is a reversing current with a rotary current,mainly in the east–west direction.The current is mostly affected by wind and topography.The maximum averaged velocities during flood tide and ebb tide are,respectively,17.8 and 19.3 cm·s~(-1).Under the northerly wind and southerly wind,the residual current flows west by south and east by north,respectively.The maximum residual current can reach 18.9 cm·s~(-1).The tidal energy flux propagates from east to west in the area,whose maximum value is about 4.8×10~3 W·m~(-1).
引文
曹德明,方国洪,1990.南海北部潮汐潮流的数值模型[J].热带海洋,9(2):63-70.CAO DEMING,FANGGUOHONG,1990.A numerical model for tides and tidal currents in northern South China Sea[J].Tropic Oceanology,9(2):63-70(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈丕翔,倪培桐,黄健东,2013.华润电力海丰电厂2×1000MW机组工程温排水数值模拟研究[J].广东水利水电,(4):21-24(in Chinese).
方国洪,1974.潮汐分析和预报的准调和分潮方法I:准调和分潮[J].海洋科学集刊,(9):1-15(in Chinese).
方国洪,1984.潮流垂直结构的基本特征--理论和观测的比较[J].海洋科学,(3):1-11.FANG GUOHONG,1984.Basic characteristics of the vertical structure of tidal currents-A comparison of theory and observations[J].Marine Science,(3):1-11(in Chinese with English abstract).
方国洪,郑文振,陈宗镛,等,1986.潮汐和潮流的分析和预报[M].北京:海洋出版社:161-191(in Chinese).
方国洪,曹德明,黄企洲,1994.南海潮汐潮流的数值模拟[J].海洋学报,16(4):1-12(in Chinese).
韩舞鹰,马克美,1988.粤东沿岸上升流的研究[J].海洋学报,19(1):52-59(in Chinese).
贾晓平,李纯厚,陈作志,等,2012.南海北部近海渔业资源及其生态系统水平管理策略[M].北京:海洋出版社:1-490(in Chinese).
宁加佳,杜飞雁,李亚芳,等,2016.红海湾远海梭子蟹Portunus pelagicus的食物组成及营养位置分析[J].海洋学报,38(10):62-69.NING JIAJIA,DU FEIYAN,LIYAFANG,et al,2016.Dietary composition and trophic position of blue swimmer crab(Portunus pelagicus)in Honghai bay[J].Haiyang Xuebao,38(10):62-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
孙钦帮,张冲,乌立国,等,2017.广东红海湾表层沉积物重金属含量的空间分布特征与污染状况评价[J].生态环境学报,26(5):843-849.SUN QINBANG,ZHANGCHONG,WU LIGUO,et al,2017.Concentration distribution and pollution assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments in Honghai Bay[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,26(5):843-849(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴伦宇,郑斌鑫,曾志,等,2015.粤东甲子附近海域潮流特征研究[J].海洋科学进展,33(2):131-141.WULUNYU,ZHENG BINXIN,ZENG ZHI,et al,2015.Tidal current characteristics in the sea area near Jiazi in East Guangdong[J].Advances in Marine Science,33(2):131-141(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴仁豪,蔡树群,王盛安,等,2007.大亚湾海域潮流和余流的三维数值模拟[J].热带海洋学报,26(3):18-23.WU RENHAO,CAI SHUQUN,WANG SHENG’AN,et al,2007.Three-dimensional numerical simulation of tidal current and residual current at Daya bay[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,26(3):18-23(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴日升,李立,2003.南海上升流研究概述[J].台湾海峡,22(2):269-277.WU RISHENG,LI LI,2003.Summarization of study on upwelling system in the South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,22(2):269-277(in Chinese with English abstract).
武文,严聿晗,宋德海,2017.大亚湾的潮汐动力学研究--I.潮波系统的观测分析与数值模拟[J].热带海洋学报,36(3):34-45.WU WEN,YAN YUHAN,SONGDEHAI,2017.Study on the tidal dynamics in Daya Bay,China-Part I.Observation and numerical simulation of tidal dynamic system[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,36(3):34-45(in Chinese with English abstract).
夏综万,廖世智,冯砚青,2013.粤东甲子海域潮波异常和南海北部潮波的传播[J].海洋学报,2013,35(1):1-8.XIA ZONGWAN,LIAO SHIZHI,FENG YANQING,2013.Traveling of tidal wave in the north part of the South China Sea and the tidal energy divergence appearing in the area off Jiazi Station[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,35(1):1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
许金电,蔡尚湛,宣莉莉,等,2014.粤东至闽南沿岸海域夏季上升流的调查研究[J].热带海洋学报,33(2):1-9.XU JINDIAN,CAI SHANGZHAN,XUAN LILI,et al,2014.Observational study on summertime upwelling in coastal seas between eastern Guangdong and southern Fujian[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,33(2):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
严聿晗,武文,宋德海,等,2017.大亚湾的潮汐动力学研究--II.潮位和潮流双峰现象的产生机制[J].热带海洋学报,36(3):46-54.YAN YUHAN,WU WEN,SONGDEHAI,et al,2017.Study on the tidal dynamics in Daya Bay,China-Part II.The generation of double high waters and double-peak flood-current flows[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,36(3):46-54(in Chinese with English abstract).
杨国标,2001.大亚湾海区潮流运动特征[J].人民珠江,22(1):30-32(in Chinese).
杨万康,尹宝树,杨德周,等,2013.基于FVCOM的南海北部海域潮汐潮流数值模拟[J].海洋科学,37(9):10-19.YANG WANKANG,YIN BAOSHU,YANGDEZHOU,et al,2013.Application of FVCOM in numerical simulation of tide and tidal currents in the northern South China Sea[J].Marine Sciences,37(9):10-19(in Chinese with English abstract).
于文泉,1987.南海北部上升流的初步探讨[J].海洋科学,(6):7-10.YU WENQUAN,1987.A preliminary approach of the upwelling for the northern South China Sea[J].Marine Science,(6):7-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
曾流明,1986.粤东沿岸上升流迹象的初步分析[J].热带海洋,5(1):68-73.ZENG LIUMING,1986.A preliminary analysis of indicators of offshore upwelling off eastern Guangdong[J].Tropic Oceanology,1986,5(1):68-73(in Chinese with English abstract).
庄伟,王东晓,吴日升,等,2005.2000年夏季福建、广东沿海上升流的遥感与船舶观测分析[J].大气科学,29(3):438-444.ZHUANG WEI,WANG DONGXIAO,WURISHENG,et al,2015.Coastal upwelling off eastern Fujian-Guangdong detected by remote sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,29(3):438-444(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAN JIANPING,CHEUNG A,GUO XIAOGANG,et al,2009.Intensified upwelling over a widened shelf in the northeastern South China Sea J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,114(C9):C09019.
JING ZHIYOU,QI YIQUAN,HUA ZULIN,et al,2009.Numerical study on the summer upwelling system in the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea[J].Continental Shelf Research,29(2):467-478.
WANG DONGXIAO,ZHUANG WEI,XIE SHANGPING,et al,2012.Coastal upwelling in summer 2000 in the northeastern South China Sea[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,117(C4):C04009.
陈丕翔,倪培桐,黄健东,2013.华润电力海丰电厂2×1000MW机组工程温排水数值模拟研究[J].广东水利水电,(4):21-24(in Chinese).
方国洪,1974.潮汐分析和预报的准调和分潮方法I:准调和分潮[J].海洋科学集刊,(9):1-15(in Chinese).
方国洪,1984.潮流垂直结构的基本特征--理论和观测的比较[J].海洋科学,(3):1-11.FANG GUOHONG,1984.Basic characteristics of the vertical structure of tidal currents-A comparison of theory and observations[J].Marine Science,(3):1-11(in Chinese with English abstract).
方国洪,郑文振,陈宗镛,等,1986.潮汐和潮流的分析和预报[M].北京:海洋出版社:161-191(in Chinese).
方国洪,曹德明,黄企洲,1994.南海潮汐潮流的数值模拟[J].海洋学报,16(4):1-12(in Chinese).
韩舞鹰,马克美,1988.粤东沿岸上升流的研究[J].海洋学报,19(1):52-59(in Chinese).
贾晓平,李纯厚,陈作志,等,2012.南海北部近海渔业资源及其生态系统水平管理策略[M].北京:海洋出版社:1-490(in Chinese).
宁加佳,杜飞雁,李亚芳,等,2016.红海湾远海梭子蟹Portunus pelagicus的食物组成及营养位置分析[J].海洋学报,38(10):62-69.NING JIAJIA,DU FEIYAN,LIYAFANG,et al,2016.Dietary composition and trophic position of blue swimmer crab(Portunus pelagicus)in Honghai bay[J].Haiyang Xuebao,38(10):62-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
孙钦帮,张冲,乌立国,等,2017.广东红海湾表层沉积物重金属含量的空间分布特征与污染状况评价[J].生态环境学报,26(5):843-849.SUN QINBANG,ZHANGCHONG,WU LIGUO,et al,2017.Concentration distribution and pollution assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments in Honghai Bay[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,26(5):843-849(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴伦宇,郑斌鑫,曾志,等,2015.粤东甲子附近海域潮流特征研究[J].海洋科学进展,33(2):131-141.WULUNYU,ZHENG BINXIN,ZENG ZHI,et al,2015.Tidal current characteristics in the sea area near Jiazi in East Guangdong[J].Advances in Marine Science,33(2):131-141(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴仁豪,蔡树群,王盛安,等,2007.大亚湾海域潮流和余流的三维数值模拟[J].热带海洋学报,26(3):18-23.WU RENHAO,CAI SHUQUN,WANG SHENG’AN,et al,2007.Three-dimensional numerical simulation of tidal current and residual current at Daya bay[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,26(3):18-23(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴日升,李立,2003.南海上升流研究概述[J].台湾海峡,22(2):269-277.WU RISHENG,LI LI,2003.Summarization of study on upwelling system in the South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,22(2):269-277(in Chinese with English abstract).
武文,严聿晗,宋德海,2017.大亚湾的潮汐动力学研究--I.潮波系统的观测分析与数值模拟[J].热带海洋学报,36(3):34-45.WU WEN,YAN YUHAN,SONGDEHAI,2017.Study on the tidal dynamics in Daya Bay,China-Part I.Observation and numerical simulation of tidal dynamic system[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,36(3):34-45(in Chinese with English abstract).
夏综万,廖世智,冯砚青,2013.粤东甲子海域潮波异常和南海北部潮波的传播[J].海洋学报,2013,35(1):1-8.XIA ZONGWAN,LIAO SHIZHI,FENG YANQING,2013.Traveling of tidal wave in the north part of the South China Sea and the tidal energy divergence appearing in the area off Jiazi Station[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,35(1):1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
许金电,蔡尚湛,宣莉莉,等,2014.粤东至闽南沿岸海域夏季上升流的调查研究[J].热带海洋学报,33(2):1-9.XU JINDIAN,CAI SHANGZHAN,XUAN LILI,et al,2014.Observational study on summertime upwelling in coastal seas between eastern Guangdong and southern Fujian[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,33(2):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
严聿晗,武文,宋德海,等,2017.大亚湾的潮汐动力学研究--II.潮位和潮流双峰现象的产生机制[J].热带海洋学报,36(3):46-54.YAN YUHAN,WU WEN,SONGDEHAI,et al,2017.Study on the tidal dynamics in Daya Bay,China-Part II.The generation of double high waters and double-peak flood-current flows[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,36(3):46-54(in Chinese with English abstract).
杨国标,2001.大亚湾海区潮流运动特征[J].人民珠江,22(1):30-32(in Chinese).
杨万康,尹宝树,杨德周,等,2013.基于FVCOM的南海北部海域潮汐潮流数值模拟[J].海洋科学,37(9):10-19.YANG WANKANG,YIN BAOSHU,YANGDEZHOU,et al,2013.Application of FVCOM in numerical simulation of tide and tidal currents in the northern South China Sea[J].Marine Sciences,37(9):10-19(in Chinese with English abstract).
于文泉,1987.南海北部上升流的初步探讨[J].海洋科学,(6):7-10.YU WENQUAN,1987.A preliminary approach of the upwelling for the northern South China Sea[J].Marine Science,(6):7-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
曾流明,1986.粤东沿岸上升流迹象的初步分析[J].热带海洋,5(1):68-73.ZENG LIUMING,1986.A preliminary analysis of indicators of offshore upwelling off eastern Guangdong[J].Tropic Oceanology,1986,5(1):68-73(in Chinese with English abstract).
庄伟,王东晓,吴日升,等,2005.2000年夏季福建、广东沿海上升流的遥感与船舶观测分析[J].大气科学,29(3):438-444.ZHUANG WEI,WANG DONGXIAO,WURISHENG,et al,2015.Coastal upwelling off eastern Fujian-Guangdong detected by remote sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,29(3):438-444(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAN JIANPING,CHEUNG A,GUO XIAOGANG,et al,2009.Intensified upwelling over a widened shelf in the northeastern South China Sea J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,114(C9):C09019.
JING ZHIYOU,QI YIQUAN,HUA ZULIN,et al,2009.Numerical study on the summer upwelling system in the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea[J].Continental Shelf Research,29(2):467-478.
WANG DONGXIAO,ZHUANG WEI,XIE SHANGPING,et al,2012.Coastal upwelling in summer 2000 in the northeastern South China Sea[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,117(C4):C04009.