风城特稠油采出水处理系统设计与应用效果分析
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摘要
风城油田稠油注蒸汽开采产生大量的高温采出水,为满足油田可持续发展和环保节能的要求,需配套建设特稠油采出水处理站,处理规模为20 000 m~3/d。特稠油采出水具有油水密度差小、水温高、黏度高、胶质含量高、乳化程度高等特点,处理难度大。针对采出水物性,处理系统采用重力除油+旋流反应+混凝沉降+压力过滤工艺流程,处理后净化水含油质量浓度≤2 mg/L、悬浮物质量浓度≤2 mg/L,净化水合格率100%,净化水回用率100%,年均节约清水547.5×10~4m~3,节省费用1 231.85万元。利用特稠油采出水的高温热能年均节约天然气2 737.5×10~4m~3(标况)。该处理系统通过现场实际应用,效果良好,既实现了资源的循环利用,降低生产成本,又可减少环境污染,具有显著的经济效益和环境效益。
Heavy oil produced by steam injection in Fengcheng Oilfield produces a large scale of high-temperature produced water. In order to meet the requirements of oilfield sustainable development,environmental protection and energy conservation,it is necessary to build produced water treatment stations for extra-heavy oil,with a processing scale of 20 000 m~3/d. The produced water of extra-heavy oil has characteristics of small density difference between oil and water, high water temperature, high viscosity, high colloid content and high degree of emulsification, and its treatment is very difficult. In view of the physical properties of produced water,the process of "gravity de-oiling + cyclone reaction+ coagulation sedimentation + pressure filtration" is adopted in the treatment system. After treatment,the oil mass concentration in purified water is less than 2 mg/L,and the mass concentration of suspended matter is less than 2 mg/L. The qualified rate of purified water is 100% and the reuse rate of purified water is 100%. The average annual clean water can be saved by 547.5×10~4 m~3,and cost can be saved by 26.827 5 million yuan. Through field application,the effect of the system is good,which not only realizes the recycling of resources and reduces production cost, but also reduces environmental pollution and has significant economic and environmental benefits.
Heavy oil produced by steam injection in Fengcheng Oilfield produces a large scale of high-temperature produced water. In order to meet the requirements of oilfield sustainable development,environmental protection and energy conservation,it is necessary to build produced water treatment stations for extra-heavy oil,with a processing scale of 20 000 m~3/d. The produced water of extra-heavy oil has characteristics of small density difference between oil and water, high water temperature, high viscosity, high colloid content and high degree of emulsification, and its treatment is very difficult. In view of the physical properties of produced water,the process of "gravity de-oiling + cyclone reaction+ coagulation sedimentation + pressure filtration" is adopted in the treatment system. After treatment,the oil mass concentration in purified water is less than 2 mg/L,and the mass concentration of suspended matter is less than 2 mg/L. The qualified rate of purified water is 100% and the reuse rate of purified water is 100%. The average annual clean water can be saved by 547.5×10~4 m~3,and cost can be saved by 26.827 5 million yuan. Through field application,the effect of the system is good,which not only realizes the recycling of resources and reduces production cost, but also reduces environmental pollution and has significant economic and environmental benefits.
引文
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[2]王爱军,王月华,赵胜,等.新疆油田采出水处理技术[J].油气田环境保护,2003,13(2):11-14.WANG Aijun,WANG Yuehua,ZHAO Sheng,et al.Treatment technology of produced water in xinjiang oilfield[J].Oil and Gas Field Environmental Protection,2003,13(2):11-14.
[3]孙晓岗,张学鲁,冉蜀勇,等.油田采出水离子调整旋流反应污泥吸附法处理技术研究[J].石油规划设计,2008,19(5):5-9.SUN Xiaogang,ZHANG Xuelu,RAN Shuyong,et al.Study on ion-adjusted swirl reactor sludge adsorption process for oilfield produced water[J].Petroleum Planning and Design,2008,19(5):5-9.
[4]刘东明,刘俊德,马良.风城超稠油污水处理效果的影响因素与对策[J].油气田环境保护,2013,24(4):28-31.LIU Dongming,LIU Junde,MA Liang.Influencing factors and Countermeasures of super heavy oil sewage treatment in Fengcheng[J].Oil and Gas Field Environmental Protection.2013,24(4):28-31.
[5]韩超,吴晓南,杜洋.新疆风城稠油高粘实质及其降粘方法探析[J].重庆科技学院学报,2010,12(3):36-38.HAN Chao,WU Xiaonan,DU Yang.Analysis of high viscosity crude oil and its viscosity reduction method in Fengcheng,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology.2010,12(3):36-38.
[6]郭峰,霍军良,卜艳菊.风城稠油外输管道工艺设计[J].油气田地面工程,2014,33(8):55-56.GUO Feng,HUO Junliang,BU Yanju.Technological Design of fengcheng heavy oil pipeline[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2014,33(8):55-56.
[7]尹晓君,唐晓东,张洋勇.风城稠油采出液脱水集输一体化技术研究[J].石油化工应用,2014,33(3):92-95.YIN Xiaojun,TANG Xiaodong,ZHANG Yangyong.Study on dehydration gathering and transportation integration technology of produced fluid from fengcheng heavy oil[J].Petrochemical Application,2014,33(3):92-95.
[8]查广平,查淑娟,郭增民,等.油田采出水处理系统污油的收集与处理[J].油气田环境保护,2013,23(6):14-15.ZHA Guangping,ZHA Shujuan,GUO Zengmin,et al.Collection and treatment of waste oil in oilfield produced water treatment system[J].Oil and Gas Field Environmental Protection.2013,23(6):14-15.
[9]杜杰,王彦斌,张超,等.长庆油田采出水处理系统污泥收集及处理[J].油气田环境保护,2012,22(2):37-38.DU Jie,WANG Yanbin,ZHANG Chao,et al.Sludge collection and treatment in changqing oilfield produced water treatment system[J].Oil and Gas Field Environmental Protection.2012,22(2):37-38.
[10]曲虎,刘静,马梓涵,等.油田采出水处理系统用药剂进展[J].油气田环境保护,2012,22(2):14-18.QU Hu,LIU Jing,MA Zihan,et al.Progress in the treatment of oilfield produced water treatment system[J].Oil and Gas Field Environmental Protection.2012,22(2):14-18.
[11]陈忠喜,舒志明,何玉辉,等.油田采出水处理设计规范:GB 50428-2015[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2015:13-25.CHEN Zhongxi,SHU Zhiming,HE Yuhui,et al.Code for design of oilfield produced water treatment:GB50428-2015[S].Beijing:China Planning Publishing House,2015:13-25.
[12]冯永训.油田采出水处理设计手册[M].2版.北京:中国石化出版社,2005:43-222.FENG Yongxun.Design manual for oilfield produced water treatment[M].2nd Ed.Beijing:China Petrochemical Press,2005:43-222.
[13]乔明.SAGD超稠油采出水处理工艺[J].中国科技信息,2014(6):90-91.QIAO Ming.SAGD treatment technology of super heavy oil produced water[J].China Science and Technology Information,2014(6):90-91.