黄河水沙变化对簸箕李灌区的影响
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摘要
为了研究小浪底水库运行后,黄河水沙变化对簸箕李灌区的影响。本文采用实测资料分析和理论探讨相结合的方法,分析了小浪底运行前后黄河水沙变化对簸箕李灌区引水引沙,引沙粒径,泥沙输送能力等方面的影响。研究结果表明:小浪底运行后,随黄河水含沙量的减少,簸箕李灌区引沙量明显降低,1999?2012年簸箕李灌区的平均引沙量为164万m3,相比1984?1998年小浪底运行前的301万m3,降低了45.37%。引水量与引沙量相关性明显减小。但是引沙粒径呈现逐年增加的趋势,从小浪底运行前中值粒径D50为0.0212 mm,增大到1999?2012年中值粒径D50为0.0398 mm。由此可知,小浪底运行之前,造成簸箕李灌区泥沙淤积的主要原因是引沙量的增加,而在小浪底运行之后,造成簸箕李灌区泥沙淤积的主要原因是引沙粒径D50的增大。
In order to study the impact of the Yellow River water and sediment variation on Bojili Irrigation District after the Xiaolangdi reservoir project was put into operation. in this paper, combination of measured data analysis and theoretical discussion is used to analyze the effects of changes in the Yellow River water and sediment before and after the operation of Xiaolangdi project on the water and sand diversion, sediment particle size, sediment transport capacity, and other aspects.Results show that after the Xiaolangdi was put into operation, with the decrease of the sediment concentration of the Yellow River, the amount of sediment diversion in the Bojili Irrigation District was significantly reduced. From 1999 to 2012, the average amount of sediment diversion in the Bojili Irrigation District was 1.64 million m3, compared with 3.01 million m3 before operation(Xiaolangdi in 1984-1998), this value decreased by 45.37%. The correlation between the amount of water diversion and the amount of sediment diversion is significantly reduced. However, the sand particle size showed an increasing trend year by year. The median particle size D50 before Xiaolangdi reservoir operation was 0.0212 mm, and it was increased to 0.398 mm in 1999. It can be seen that before the operation of Xiaolangdi project, the main cause of siltation in the irrigated area was the increase of sediment diversion. After the operation of Xiaolangdi project, the main cause of siltation in the irrigated area was the increase of the particle size D50.
In order to study the impact of the Yellow River water and sediment variation on Bojili Irrigation District after the Xiaolangdi reservoir project was put into operation. in this paper, combination of measured data analysis and theoretical discussion is used to analyze the effects of changes in the Yellow River water and sediment before and after the operation of Xiaolangdi project on the water and sand diversion, sediment particle size, sediment transport capacity, and other aspects.Results show that after the Xiaolangdi was put into operation, with the decrease of the sediment concentration of the Yellow River, the amount of sediment diversion in the Bojili Irrigation District was significantly reduced. From 1999 to 2012, the average amount of sediment diversion in the Bojili Irrigation District was 1.64 million m3, compared with 3.01 million m3 before operation(Xiaolangdi in 1984-1998), this value decreased by 45.37%. The correlation between the amount of water diversion and the amount of sediment diversion is significantly reduced. However, the sand particle size showed an increasing trend year by year. The median particle size D50 before Xiaolangdi reservoir operation was 0.0212 mm, and it was increased to 0.398 mm in 1999. It can be seen that before the operation of Xiaolangdi project, the main cause of siltation in the irrigated area was the increase of sediment diversion. After the operation of Xiaolangdi project, the main cause of siltation in the irrigated area was the increase of the particle size D50.
引文
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[6]纪亚男.山东引黄灌区不同灌水定额对田间泥沙入渗规律的影响机理研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015
[7]胡健,戴清,袁玉平.引黄灌区非均匀沙运动数学模型研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2008(1):27-31,42
[8]伍靖伟,杨金忠,Bouarfa S,等.水资源不均等分配及其影响分析以簸箕李灌区为例[J].灌溉排水学报,2006(4):38-42
[9]戴清,胡健,李春涛,等.黄河位山灌区沉沙池通道输沙的应用[J].中国水利,2010(16):27-31
[10]吴争兵.引黄灌区渠道淤积问题分析及减淤措施研究[J].山西水利科技,2017(1):67-70
[2]刘燕,江恩惠,曹永涛,等.小浪底水库拦沙后期调度对下游河道的影响[J].人民黄河,2013,35(11):14-16
[3]万占伟,刘继祥,李福生.古贤水库与小浪底水库联合运用研究[J].人民黄河,2013,35(10):36-39
[4]张治昊,胡春宏.黄河口水沙过程变异及其对河口海岸造陆的影响[J].水科学进展,2007,18(3):336-341
[5]李春涛,许晓华.位山引黄灌区泥沙淤积原因及处理对策[J].泥沙研究,2002(2):1-5
[6]纪亚男.山东引黄灌区不同灌水定额对田间泥沙入渗规律的影响机理研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015
[7]胡健,戴清,袁玉平.引黄灌区非均匀沙运动数学模型研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2008(1):27-31,42
[8]伍靖伟,杨金忠,Bouarfa S,等.水资源不均等分配及其影响分析以簸箕李灌区为例[J].灌溉排水学报,2006(4):38-42
[9]戴清,胡健,李春涛,等.黄河位山灌区沉沙池通道输沙的应用[J].中国水利,2010(16):27-31
[10]吴争兵.引黄灌区渠道淤积问题分析及减淤措施研究[J].山西水利科技,2017(1):67-70