基于拟合随钻声波时差曲线的地震导向水平井技术
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摘要
松辽盆地北部扶余油层是近几年致密油勘探的热点领域.针对平面展布窄小、厚度超薄储层的地震导向水平井问题,提出了基于拟合随钻声波时差曲线的地震导向水平井技术.其实现过程可概括为:(1)钻前利用已知直井拟合声波时差曲线,在此基础上开展纵波阻抗地质统计学反演,提高储层预测精度,优化井位轨迹设计;(2)钻探过程中目的层上方钻遇标志层(青山口组三套油页岩)时,调整时深转换参数,重新设计井轨迹;(3)钻头进入扶余油层,利用随钻伽马曲线阶段性拟合声波时差曲线,在此基础上开展动态拟纵波阻抗地质统计学反演储层及深度预测,指导井轨迹调整.通过对水平井Z的模拟分析,证明该方法可以有效导向水平井入靶、指导水平井钻进的同时,也能满足钻井现场的时效性要求.
Fuyu reservoir is one of the hottest fields of tight oil exploration in recent years. High precision depth and reservoir prediction of target "sweet point " is helpful for the high sand drilling rate of horizontal well in thin-bed reservoir. To improve the precision,a seismic steering method for horizontal well based on acoustic log curve reconstruction while drilling is carried out. Three steps are taken in this method. Firstly,MRGC(Multi-Resolution Graph Based Clustering) method is used to reconstruct Gamma ray log curve to quasi acoustic log curve which can distinguish between sand and shale better than the practical acoustic log curve. Before drilling,Quasi P-wave impedance geostatistical inversion is carried out to improve the accuracy of reservoir prediction and to optimize well trajectory design; Secondly,in the process of drilling,well trajectory is redesigned based on time-depth conversion parameters adjustment when the bit meets some key beds above the target"sweet point"; Lastly,when the bit goes into Fuyu reservoir,acoustic log curve is reconstructed by using Gamma ray log curve of LWD. Based on the reconstructed acoustic log curve, dynamic quasi P-wave impedance geostatistical inversion could be carried out to predict reservoir dynamically in drilling process. This method can not only provide high precision seismic steering for horizontal well landing,but also provide guiding help when geosteering horizontal section. Through the simulation analysis of horizontal well Z,it is proved that the method is not only helpful for target point landing and horizontal section drilling,but can meet the requirements of the efficiency while drilling on the drilling site.
Fuyu reservoir is one of the hottest fields of tight oil exploration in recent years. High precision depth and reservoir prediction of target "sweet point " is helpful for the high sand drilling rate of horizontal well in thin-bed reservoir. To improve the precision,a seismic steering method for horizontal well based on acoustic log curve reconstruction while drilling is carried out. Three steps are taken in this method. Firstly,MRGC(Multi-Resolution Graph Based Clustering) method is used to reconstruct Gamma ray log curve to quasi acoustic log curve which can distinguish between sand and shale better than the practical acoustic log curve. Before drilling,Quasi P-wave impedance geostatistical inversion is carried out to improve the accuracy of reservoir prediction and to optimize well trajectory design; Secondly,in the process of drilling,well trajectory is redesigned based on time-depth conversion parameters adjustment when the bit meets some key beds above the target"sweet point"; Lastly,when the bit goes into Fuyu reservoir,acoustic log curve is reconstructed by using Gamma ray log curve of LWD. Based on the reconstructed acoustic log curve, dynamic quasi P-wave impedance geostatistical inversion could be carried out to predict reservoir dynamically in drilling process. This method can not only provide high precision seismic steering for horizontal well landing,but also provide guiding help when geosteering horizontal section. Through the simulation analysis of horizontal well Z,it is proved that the method is not only helpful for target point landing and horizontal section drilling,but can meet the requirements of the efficiency while drilling on the drilling site.
引文
Dong W X,Wang H,Zhang Z P.2014.Tight reservoir predication with seismic attribute approach provided by Geo East[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),49(S1):212-215.
Fu Z F,Zhang J,Xing W X,et al.2006.Application of quasi-acoustic constructing technique to reservoir prediction of thin interbed[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),45(4):415-417.
Liang H L,Jiang Y.2003.The thin layer inversion technique applied in the design of horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing(in Chinese),22(5):68-70.
Liu B H,Zheng S L,Guan D.2005.Broadband constrained impedance inversion on pseudo-acoustic curve and its application in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),28(6):416-421.
Liu C H,Liu F G,Wang C M.1992.Application of seismic data in designing horizontal drilling[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole(in Chinese),31(3):47-54.
Liu Z W,Sa L M,Yang X,et al.2013.Horizontal well drilling guided by a seismic-centered multi-discipline software platform[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),48(6):932-937.
Shao C R,Cao X J,Chen G X,et al.2013.A fast forward algorithm for LWD gamma-ray response and its geosteering application[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
Wang D D,Zhou Y B,Ma Z Z,et al.2013.Application of Horizontal Wells in Geological statistical inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),28(3):1522-1530,doi:10.6038/pg20130348.
Wu Y M,Wang Y G.2008.Detailed interpretation of low-grade faults in horizontal well exploitation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),47(2):195-200.
Yang X,Pan B Z,Wang K B,et al.2016.Fast forward method for LWD azimuth Gamma-ray and dynamic monitoring of directional wells[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),31(1):403-410,doi:10.6038/pg20160147.
Yu T Z,Wang G M.2010.Application of seismic data to horizontal well design in complex reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),25(1):21-27,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.005.
Zhang X F,Dong Y C,Shen G Q,et al.2005.Application of log rebuilding technique in constrain inversion[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development(in Chinese),32(3):70-72.
董文学,王红,张中平.2014.Geo East属性技术在致密储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,49(S1):212-215.
付志方,张君,邢卫新,等.2006.拟声波构建技术在砂泥岩薄互层储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,45(4):415-417.
梁海龙,姜岩.2003.薄互层反演技术在水平井设计中的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,22(5):68-70.
刘百红,郑四连,关达.2005.拟声波宽带约束波阻抗反演在储层预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,28(6):416-421.
刘传虎,刘福贵,王超明.1992.水平井设计中地震资料的应用[J].石油物探,31(3):47-54.
刘振武,撒利明,杨晓,等.2013.地震导向水平井方法与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,48(6):932-937.
邵才瑞,曹先军,陈国兴,等.2013.随钻伽马测井快速正演算法及地质导向应用[J].地球物理学报,56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
王丹丹,周玉冰,马中振,等.2013.委内瑞拉水平井资料在地质统计反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,28(3):1522-1530,doi:10.6038/pg20130348.
吴艳梅,王永刚.2008.水平井开发中的低级序断层精细解释[J].石油物探,47(2):195-200.
杨雪,潘保芝,汪凯斌,等.2016.随钻方位伽马测井快速正演及定向井动态监测[J].地球物理学进展,31(1):403-410,doi:10.6038/pg20160147.
于天忠,王光明.2010.地震资料在复杂油藏水平井设计中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,25(1):21-27,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.005.
张学芳,董月昌,慎国强,等.2005.曲线重构技术在测井约束反演中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,32(3):70-72.
Fu Z F,Zhang J,Xing W X,et al.2006.Application of quasi-acoustic constructing technique to reservoir prediction of thin interbed[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),45(4):415-417.
Liang H L,Jiang Y.2003.The thin layer inversion technique applied in the design of horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing(in Chinese),22(5):68-70.
Liu B H,Zheng S L,Guan D.2005.Broadband constrained impedance inversion on pseudo-acoustic curve and its application in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),28(6):416-421.
Liu C H,Liu F G,Wang C M.1992.Application of seismic data in designing horizontal drilling[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole(in Chinese),31(3):47-54.
Liu Z W,Sa L M,Yang X,et al.2013.Horizontal well drilling guided by a seismic-centered multi-discipline software platform[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),48(6):932-937.
Shao C R,Cao X J,Chen G X,et al.2013.A fast forward algorithm for LWD gamma-ray response and its geosteering application[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
Wang D D,Zhou Y B,Ma Z Z,et al.2013.Application of Horizontal Wells in Geological statistical inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),28(3):1522-1530,doi:10.6038/pg20130348.
Wu Y M,Wang Y G.2008.Detailed interpretation of low-grade faults in horizontal well exploitation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),47(2):195-200.
Yang X,Pan B Z,Wang K B,et al.2016.Fast forward method for LWD azimuth Gamma-ray and dynamic monitoring of directional wells[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),31(1):403-410,doi:10.6038/pg20160147.
Yu T Z,Wang G M.2010.Application of seismic data to horizontal well design in complex reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),25(1):21-27,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.005.
Zhang X F,Dong Y C,Shen G Q,et al.2005.Application of log rebuilding technique in constrain inversion[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development(in Chinese),32(3):70-72.
董文学,王红,张中平.2014.Geo East属性技术在致密储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,49(S1):212-215.
付志方,张君,邢卫新,等.2006.拟声波构建技术在砂泥岩薄互层储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,45(4):415-417.
梁海龙,姜岩.2003.薄互层反演技术在水平井设计中的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,22(5):68-70.
刘百红,郑四连,关达.2005.拟声波宽带约束波阻抗反演在储层预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,28(6):416-421.
刘传虎,刘福贵,王超明.1992.水平井设计中地震资料的应用[J].石油物探,31(3):47-54.
刘振武,撒利明,杨晓,等.2013.地震导向水平井方法与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,48(6):932-937.
邵才瑞,曹先军,陈国兴,等.2013.随钻伽马测井快速正演算法及地质导向应用[J].地球物理学报,56(11):3932-3942,doi:10.6038/cjg20131135.
王丹丹,周玉冰,马中振,等.2013.委内瑞拉水平井资料在地质统计反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,28(3):1522-1530,doi:10.6038/pg20130348.
吴艳梅,王永刚.2008.水平井开发中的低级序断层精细解释[J].石油物探,47(2):195-200.
杨雪,潘保芝,汪凯斌,等.2016.随钻方位伽马测井快速正演及定向井动态监测[J].地球物理学进展,31(1):403-410,doi:10.6038/pg20160147.
于天忠,王光明.2010.地震资料在复杂油藏水平井设计中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,25(1):21-27,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.005.
张学芳,董月昌,慎国强,等.2005.曲线重构技术在测井约束反演中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,32(3):70-72.