叶面喷施外源多胺对干旱胁迫下红椿叶片解剖结构的修复效果
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摘要
为了探讨叶面喷施外源多胺对干旱胁迫下红椿幼苗叶片的解剖结构损伤的修复效果,以2年生红椿家系盆栽苗为研究对象,开展了"干旱胁迫+外源多胺修复处理"试验。通过对叶片解剖结构指标的观测和分析,得出以下结果:1)3种外源多胺溶液对红椿叶片主脉直径的修复调节效果差异极显著(P <0.01);3种外源多胺溶液中,以外源精胺(Spm)溶液对植株的水分运输能力的修复效果最佳。2)3种外源多胺溶液对红椿叶片上表皮厚度起到调节效果差异不明显;3种外源多胺溶液对红椿叶片下表皮厚度修复调节效果差异显著(P <0.05);3种外源多胺溶液对红椿叶片叶肉厚度修复调节效果差异极显著(P <0.01)。结合3个指标响应的综合情况来看,3种外源多胺中以外源亚精胺(Spd)对叶片储水能力修复效果最强。3)3种外源多胺溶液对红椿叶片栅/海绵比值的修复调节效果差异极显著(P <0.01);3种外源多胺溶液中,仅外源Spd溶液对栅/海比值的缓解调节起到了明显的积极作用。
A experiment of "drought stress+exogenous polyamines repair treatments" was carried out with two-year-old potted seedlings of Toona ciliata families in order to explore the repair effects of foliar-applied exogenous polyamines on leaf anatomical structure of T. ciliata seedlings under drought stress. Based on the observation and analysis of leaf anatomical structure indicators, The following results are obtained. 1) There were extremely signi?cant differences in repair effects of main leaf vein diameter of T. ciliata seedlings among 3 exogenous polyamines solutions(P < 0.01). Among three kinds of exogenous polyamine solutions, exogenous Spm solution performed best in improving water transportation ability of plants. 2) The differences in adjustment effects of 3 exogenous polyamine solutions on the upper epidermal thickness of T. ciliate seedling leaves were not obvious, on the lower epidermis thickness of T.ciliata seedling leaves were signi?cantly different; on mesophyll tissue thickness of T. ciliata seedling leaves were extremely signi?cant(P < 0.05). And according to the comprehensive responses of the three indicators, the effect of exogenous spermidine(Spd) was the strongest among the three exogenous polyamines. 3) The differences in adjustment effects of 3 exogenous polyamine solutions on the ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness of T. ciliata seedlings leaves were extremely signi?cant(P < 0.01); Among them, only the exogenous Spd solution played a signi?cant positive role in the relief and adjustment of the grid/sea ratio.
A experiment of "drought stress+exogenous polyamines repair treatments" was carried out with two-year-old potted seedlings of Toona ciliata families in order to explore the repair effects of foliar-applied exogenous polyamines on leaf anatomical structure of T. ciliata seedlings under drought stress. Based on the observation and analysis of leaf anatomical structure indicators, The following results are obtained. 1) There were extremely signi?cant differences in repair effects of main leaf vein diameter of T. ciliata seedlings among 3 exogenous polyamines solutions(P < 0.01). Among three kinds of exogenous polyamine solutions, exogenous Spm solution performed best in improving water transportation ability of plants. 2) The differences in adjustment effects of 3 exogenous polyamine solutions on the upper epidermal thickness of T. ciliate seedling leaves were not obvious, on the lower epidermis thickness of T.ciliata seedling leaves were signi?cantly different; on mesophyll tissue thickness of T. ciliata seedling leaves were extremely signi?cant(P < 0.05). And according to the comprehensive responses of the three indicators, the effect of exogenous spermidine(Spd) was the strongest among the three exogenous polyamines. 3) The differences in adjustment effects of 3 exogenous polyamine solutions on the ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness of T. ciliata seedlings leaves were extremely signi?cant(P < 0.01); Among them, only the exogenous Spd solution played a signi?cant positive role in the relief and adjustment of the grid/sea ratio.
引文
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[19]杨九艳,杨劼,杨明博,等.鄂尔多斯高原锦鸡儿属植物叶表皮特征及生态适应性[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):961-967.
[20]韩永芬,卢欣石,孟军江,等.菊苣航天诱变新品系叶片旱生结构的比较研究[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(1):111-116.
[21]张诚诚,文佳,曹志华,等.水分胁迫对油茶容器苗叶片解剖结构和光合特性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(8):79-84.
[22]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.红椿幼苗对干旱胁迫及复水生理响应的典型相关分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(10):1-10.
[23]吴际友,李志辉,刘球,等.干旱胁迫对红椿无性系幼苗叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(4):19-22.
[24]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.干旱胁迫对红椿盆栽土壤含水率与植株伤害程度的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2014,41(6):40-43.
[25]陈彩霞,王瑞辉,吴际友,等.持续干旱条件下红椿无性系幼苗的生理响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(9):46-49.
[26]陈彩霞,王瑞辉,吴际友,等.淹水胁迫对红椿家系幼苗几种生理生化指标的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(3):21-26.
[27]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.外源亚精胺对不同干旱胁迫程度下红椿幼苗生理功能的修复调节[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):66-72.
[28]李正理.植物制片技术[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,1987:10-15.
[29]何士敏,汪建华,秦家顺.几种沙棘叶片组织结构特点和抗旱性比较[J].林业科技开发,2009(1):16-19.
[30]梁文斌,李志辉,许仲坤,等.桤木无性系叶片解剖结构特征与其耐寒性的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(2):16-21.
[31]RIPULL ONE F,BORGHETTI M,RADDI S,et al.Physiological and structural changes in response to altered precipitation regimes in a Mediterranean macchia ecosystem[J].Trees,2009,23(4):823-834.
[32]LEE SB,SUH MC.Recent advances in cuticular wax biosynthesis and its regulation in Arabidopsis[J].Mocecular Plant,2013,6(2):246-249.
[33]DONG XJ,ZHANG XS.Some observations of the adaptations of sandy shrubs to the arid environment in the Wu Us sandland leaf water relations and anatomic feature[J].J.Arid Envrion.,2001,48:41-48.
[34]李广毅,高国雄,吕悦来,姬兴洲.三种灌木植物形态特征及解剖结构的对比观察[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(2):141-145.
[35]郑国琦,张磊,郑国保,等.不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2806-2813.
[36]常英俏,徐文远,穆立蔷,等.干旱胁迫对3种观赏灌木叶片解剖结构的影响及抗旱性分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(3):36-40.
[37]燕玲,李红,贺晓,等.阿拉善地区9种珍稀濒危植物营养器官生态解剖观察[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2000,21(3):65-71.
[2]黄拯,钟秋平,曹林青,等.干旱胁迫对油茶成林光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):72-79.
[3]任余艳,赵雨兴,刘朝霞,等.干旱半干旱地区影响文冠果育苗的主导因子分析[J].经济林研究,2017,35(03):1-12,23.
[4]SILVA E N,RIBEIRO R V,FERREIRA-SILVA S L,et al.Comparative effects of salinity and water stress on photosynthesis,water relations and growth of Jatropha curcas plants[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2010,74(10):1130-1137.
[5]杨小玉.5种沙生灌木叶片解剖结构与抗旱性研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[6]潘存娥,田丽萍,李贞贞,等.5种杨树无性系叶片解剖结构的抗旱性研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(2):21-25.
[7]王顺才,邹养军,马锋旺.干旱胁迫对3种苹果属植物叶片解剖结构、微形态特征及叶绿体超微结构的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(3):15-23.
[8]郑国琦,张磊,郑国保,等.不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2806-2813.
[9]常英俏,徐文远,穆立蔷,等.干旱胁迫对3种观赏灌木叶片解剖结构的影响及抗旱性分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(3):36-40.
[10]李鸿雁,李志勇,师文贵,等.6种豆科牧草叶片解剖性状与抗旱性关系研究[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(10):1989-1994.
[11]吴建慧,郭瑶,赵倩竹,等.干旱胁迫对绢毛委陵菜叶片解剖结构和生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2012,29(8):1229-1234.
[12]翟晓巧,任媛媛,刘艳萍,等.8种落叶乔木抗旱性相关叶片的解剖结构[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(9):42-45.
[13]潘学军,张文娥,杨秀永,等.喀斯特山区野生葡萄实生苗叶片解剖结构与抗旱性的关系[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(9):176-178.
[14]王丹,史滟滪,骆建霞,等.亮叶忍冬与蔓生紫薇叶片解剖结构与抗旱性的关系[J].北方园艺,2010(13):85-87.
[15]郭改改,封斌,麻保林,等.不同区域长柄扁桃叶片解剖结构及其抗旱性分析[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(4):720-728.
[16]马小芬,王兴芳,李强,等.不同种源地文冠果叶片解剖结构比较及抗旱性分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(6):92-96.
[17]刘红茹,冯永忠,王得祥,等.延安种木犀科园林植物叶片结构及抗旱性研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(2):75-81.
[18]曹娟云,刘世鹏,白重炎,等.干旱胁迫条件下狗头枣叶片解剖学结构比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008(8):3310-3311.
[19]杨九艳,杨劼,杨明博,等.鄂尔多斯高原锦鸡儿属植物叶表皮特征及生态适应性[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):961-967.
[20]韩永芬,卢欣石,孟军江,等.菊苣航天诱变新品系叶片旱生结构的比较研究[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(1):111-116.
[21]张诚诚,文佳,曹志华,等.水分胁迫对油茶容器苗叶片解剖结构和光合特性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(8):79-84.
[22]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.红椿幼苗对干旱胁迫及复水生理响应的典型相关分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(10):1-10.
[23]吴际友,李志辉,刘球,等.干旱胁迫对红椿无性系幼苗叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(4):19-22.
[24]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.干旱胁迫对红椿盆栽土壤含水率与植株伤害程度的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2014,41(6):40-43.
[25]陈彩霞,王瑞辉,吴际友,等.持续干旱条件下红椿无性系幼苗的生理响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(9):46-49.
[26]陈彩霞,王瑞辉,吴际友,等.淹水胁迫对红椿家系幼苗几种生理生化指标的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(3):21-26.
[27]刘球,李志辉,吴际友,等.外源亚精胺对不同干旱胁迫程度下红椿幼苗生理功能的修复调节[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):66-72.
[28]李正理.植物制片技术[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,1987:10-15.
[29]何士敏,汪建华,秦家顺.几种沙棘叶片组织结构特点和抗旱性比较[J].林业科技开发,2009(1):16-19.
[30]梁文斌,李志辉,许仲坤,等.桤木无性系叶片解剖结构特征与其耐寒性的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(2):16-21.
[31]RIPULL ONE F,BORGHETTI M,RADDI S,et al.Physiological and structural changes in response to altered precipitation regimes in a Mediterranean macchia ecosystem[J].Trees,2009,23(4):823-834.
[32]LEE SB,SUH MC.Recent advances in cuticular wax biosynthesis and its regulation in Arabidopsis[J].Mocecular Plant,2013,6(2):246-249.
[33]DONG XJ,ZHANG XS.Some observations of the adaptations of sandy shrubs to the arid environment in the Wu Us sandland leaf water relations and anatomic feature[J].J.Arid Envrion.,2001,48:41-48.
[34]李广毅,高国雄,吕悦来,姬兴洲.三种灌木植物形态特征及解剖结构的对比观察[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(2):141-145.
[35]郑国琦,张磊,郑国保,等.不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2806-2813.
[36]常英俏,徐文远,穆立蔷,等.干旱胁迫对3种观赏灌木叶片解剖结构的影响及抗旱性分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(3):36-40.
[37]燕玲,李红,贺晓,等.阿拉善地区9种珍稀濒危植物营养器官生态解剖观察[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2000,21(3):65-71.