基于新顶压法规的仿真精度分析与优化
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摘要
针对目前顶压仿真精度较差,无法有效指导新车开发与过法规整改的问题,基于某微型面包车进行顶压仿真精度研究与过法规优化。首先,通过考虑风挡玻璃在顶压仿真过程中的破裂失效行为,实现顶压过程中车顶变形模式的准确模拟。其次,探索加载速度对顶压仿真精度的影响,并结合车顶结构的最低阶模态频率确定合理的顶压仿真加载速度,在保证仿真精度的前提下显著提升了顶压的仿真效率。最后,通过传力路径分析方法确定主要受力部件并进行结构优化,通过关键部件的材料、料厚的合理匹配,在保证顶压性能的情况下,使车身质量仅增加3.16 kg。
It is widely accepted that the poor simulation accuracy of the roof crush is failed to guide the new car exploitation and to deal with the problems in satisfying the modified regulation. Focused on the simulation accuracy of roof crush and optimization,firstly,it was proposed to concern the rupture failure of the windshield to precisely simulate the deformation mode of the roof under crush. Then,the effect of loading velocity on the accuracy of the simulation has been studied,meanwhile,the proper speed was decided according to the minimum modal frequency,which resulted in an excellent progress in the efficiency of the simulation. Finally,the structure of the main bearing components was optimized by the way of load transfer path,with consideration of materials choice and materials distribution of the main components,the modified scheme satisfied the requirements of the latest regulation with a minor weight increase of 3. 16 kg.
It is widely accepted that the poor simulation accuracy of the roof crush is failed to guide the new car exploitation and to deal with the problems in satisfying the modified regulation. Focused on the simulation accuracy of roof crush and optimization,firstly,it was proposed to concern the rupture failure of the windshield to precisely simulate the deformation mode of the roof under crush. Then,the effect of loading velocity on the accuracy of the simulation has been studied,meanwhile,the proper speed was decided according to the minimum modal frequency,which resulted in an excellent progress in the efficiency of the simulation. Finally,the structure of the main bearing components was optimized by the way of load transfer path,with consideration of materials choice and materials distribution of the main components,the modified scheme satisfied the requirements of the latest regulation with a minor weight increase of 3. 16 kg.
引文
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[2]BRUMBELOW M L,ZUBY E R T S,MCCARTT A T.Roof strength and injury risk in rollover crashes[J].Traffic Injury Prevention,2008,10(3):252-265.
[3]MAO M,CHIRWA E C,CHEN T,et al.Static and dynamic roof crush simulation using LS-DYNA3D[J].International Journal of Crashworthiness,2004,9(5):495-504.
[4]PENG Q,CHIRWA E C,YANG Jikuang.The newly updated FMVSS 216 roof crush modelling and analysis[J].International Journal of Crashworthiness,2011,17(2):1-13.
[5]PAN Feng,ZHU Ping.Design optimisation of vehicle roof structures:benefits of using multiple surrogates[J].International Journal of Crashworthiness,2011,16(1):85-95.
[6]陈新,雷飞,陈国栋,等.基于高强度钢选型及成本控制的车顶结构耐撞性优化设计[J].中国机械工程,2013,24(1):115-120.
[7]宋明亮,郑国君,靳春宁,等.基于车顶抗压强度的房车结构设计与优化[J].汽车工程,2016,38(7):822-827.
[8]刘博涵.汽车风挡玻璃夹层材料的力学特性与吸能机理研究[D].北京:清华大学,2014.
[9]TIMMEL M,KOLLING S,OSTERRIEDER P,et al.A finite element model for impact simulation with laminated glass[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2007,34(8):1465-1478.
[10]PENG Y,YANG J,DECK C,et al.Finite element modeling of crash test behavior for windshield laminated glass[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2013,57(7):27-35.
[11]钟渝楷,姚小虎,臧曙光.汽车夹层风窗玻璃抗冲击破坏机理与吸能特性的研究[J].汽车工程,2016,38(1):102-108.
[12]庄茁.ABAQUS/Standard有限元软件入门指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998.
[13]樊建平,章建军,陈传尧.用显格式技术对复杂结构准静态加载的有限元模拟[J].计算力学学报,2002,19(4):431-437.
[14]黄志辉,陈盛钊,柏友运.显式准静态几种加载方法的讨论[J].武汉理工大学学报,2011(6):122-125.